{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T14:10:12Z","timestamp":1776003012962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001652","name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001652","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Cell Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is involved in innate immunity and epithelial differentiation. It has been proven to play a role in various states of inflammation or hypoxia of fetal gastrointestinal and pulmonary diseases. Discrimination of pathogenesis in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) based on cardiac status improves the understanding of NEC in different patient subgroups. We aimed at examining DMBT1 expressions regarding their association with cardiac status leading to impaired intestinal perfusion, intraoperative bacteria proof, and a fulminant course of NEC.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-eight patients with NEC were treated surgically between 2010 and 2019 at our institution. DMBT1 expression was examined in intestinal sections using immunohistochemistry to detect DMBT1 protein. Associations of clinical parameters and DMBT1 expression were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We examined DMBT1 levels in 10 patients without cardiac defects and 18 patients with persisting ductus arteriosus (PDA) and congenital heart defects (CHD). Compared to patients without cardiac malformations, DMBT1 levels tended to score higher in patients with PDA\/CHD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.2113) and were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein in these infants (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0172; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212 0.5533). The number of DMBT1-expressing macrophages was elevated in the PDA\/CHD-subgroup (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0399). Ratios of neutrophils and monocytes to lymphocytes were significantly higher in infants with PDA\/CHD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0319 and 0.0493). DMBT1 expression was significantly associated with positive bacterial culture of intraoperative swabs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0252) and DMBT1 expression of the serosa was associated with a fulminant course of NEC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0239).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study demonstrates that DMBT1 expression may be influenced by cardiac anomalies with an impaired intestinal perfusion in the neonatal intestine. NEC in PDA\/CHD infants is associated with more DMBT1-positive macrophages and a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T05:02:33Z","timestamp":1641445353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["DMBT1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio during necrotizing enterocolitis are influenced by impaired perfusion due to cardiac anomalies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8864-3240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Diez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Besend\u00f6rfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Weyerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arndt","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Moosmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"133_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.013","volume":"44","author":"SC Fitzgibbons","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fitzgibbons SC, Ching Y, Yu D, Carpenter J, Kenny M, Weldon C, Lillehei C, Valim C, Horbar JD, Jaksic T (2009) Mortality of necrotizing enterocolitis expressed by birth weight categories. J Pediatr Surg 44:1072\u20131075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.013 discussion 1075-1076","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"133_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Velazco CS, Fullerton BS, Hong CR, Morrow KA, Edwards EM, Soll RF, Jaksic T, Horbar JD, Modi BP (2017) Morbidity and mortality among \u201cbig\u201d babies who develop necrotizing enterocolitis: a prospective multicenter cohort analysis. J Pediatr Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.028"},{"key":"133_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.09.036","volume":"82","author":"PJ Giannone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Giannone PJ, Luce WA, Nankervis CA, Hoffman TM, Wold LE (2008) Necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with congenital heart disease. Life Sci 82:341\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.09.036","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"133_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2015.04.014","volume":"42","author":"A Maheshwari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maheshwari A (2015) Immunologic and hematological abnormalities in necrotizing enterocolitis. Clin Perinatol 42:567\u2013585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clp.2015.04.014","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"133_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.014","volume":"41","author":"TL Denning","year":"2017","unstructured":"Denning TL, Bhatia AM, Kane AF, Patel RM, Denning PW (2017) Pathogenesis of NEC: role of the innate and adaptive immune response. Semin Perinatol 41:15\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.014","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"133_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000232572.56397.d6","volume":"43","author":"PJ Giannone","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giannone PJ, Schanbacher BL, Bauer JA, Reber KM (2006) Effects of prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure on epithelial development and function in newborn rat intestine. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 43:284\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.mpg.0000232572.56397.d6","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"133_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00040","volume":"5","author":"Z Hodzic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hodzic Z, Bolock AM, Good M (2017) The role of mucosal immunity in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 5:40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2017.00040","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"133_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1668144","volume":"29","author":"E Siano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siano E, Lauriti G, Ceccanti S, Zani A (2019) Cardiogenic necrotizing enterocolitis: a clinically distinct entity from classical necrotizing enterocolitis. Eur J Pediatr Surg 29:14\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0038-1668144","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"133_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bubberman JM, van Zoonen A, Bruggink JLM, van der Heide M, Berger RMF, Bos AF, Kooi EMW, Hulscher JBF (2018) Necrotizing enterocolitis associated with congenital heart disease: a different entity? J Pediatr Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.11.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.11.012"},{"key":"133_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00312","volume":"6","author":"U Kessler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kessler U, Hau EM, Kordasz M, Haefeli S, Tsai C, Klimek P, Cholewa D, Nelle M, Pavlovic M, Berger S (2018) Congenital heart disease increases mortality in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 6:312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2018.00312","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"133_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00257","volume":"8","author":"S Diez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Diez S, Tielesch L, Weiss C, Halbfass J, M\u00fcller H, Besend\u00f6rfer M (2020) Clinical characteristics of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm patients with and without persistent ductus arteriosus and in patients with congenital heart disease. Front Pediatr 8:257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2020.00257","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"133_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1159\/000506866","volume":"117","author":"J Neu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neu J (2020) Necrotizing enterocolitis: the future. Neonatology 117:240\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000506866","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"133_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593926","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.593926","volume":"8","author":"M Klinke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Klinke M, Wiskemann H, Bay B, Sch\u00e4fer HJ, Pagerols Raluy L, Reinshagen K, Vincent D, Boettcher M (2020) Cardiac and inflammatory necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns are not the same entity. Front Pediatr 8:593926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2020.593926","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"133_CR14","first-page":"1704","volume":"60","author":"J Mollenhauer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mollenhauer J, Herbertz S, Holmskov U, Tolnay M, Krebs I, Merlo A, Schr\u00f8der HD, Maier D, Breitling F, Wiemann S, Gr\u00f6ne HJ, Poustka A (2000) DMBT1 encodes a protein involved in the immune defense and in epithelial differentiation and is highly unstable in cancer. Cancer Res 60:1704\u20131710","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"133_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200323972","volume":"33","author":"J Madsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Madsen J, Torn\u00f8e I, Nielsen O, Lausen M, Krebs I, Mollenhauer J, Kollender G, Poustka A, Skj\u00f8dt K, Holmskov U (2003) CRP-ductin, the mouse homologue of gp-340\/deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1), binds gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and interacts with lung surfactant protein D. Eur J Immunol 33:2327\u20132336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.200323972","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"133_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03528.x","volume":"151","author":"H M\u00fcller","year":"2008","unstructured":"M\u00fcller H, End C, Weiss C, Renner M, Bhandiwad A, Helmke BM, Gassler N, Hafner M, Poustka A, Mollenhauer J, Poeschl J (2008) Respiratory deleted in malignant brain tumours 1 (DMBT1) levels increase during lung maturation and infection. Clin Exp Immunol 151:123\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03528.x","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"133_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-015-1381-8","volume":"145","author":"H Muller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Muller H, Renner M, Helmke BM, Mollenhauer J, Felderhoff-Muser U (2016) Elevated DMBT1 levels in neonatal gastrointestinal diseases. Histochem Cell Biol 145:227\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-015-1381-8","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"133_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M\u00fcller H, Schmiedl A, Weiss C, Ai M, Jung S, Renner M (2020) DMBT1 is upregulated in lung epithelial cells after hypoxia and changes surfactant ultrastructure. Pediatr Pulmonol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.25018","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25018"},{"key":"133_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001","volume":"187","author":"MJ Bell","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bell MJ, Ternberg JL, Feigin RD, Keating JP, Marshall R, Barton L, Brotherton T (1978) Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Therapeutic decisions based upon clinical staging. Ann Surg 187:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"133_CR20","unstructured":"AWMF-Guidelines (2017) Nekrotisierende Enterokolitis. AWMF-Leitlinien-Register Nr. 024\/009. Site visited 01\/01\/21"},{"key":"133_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-69","volume":"8","author":"H M\u00fcller","year":"2007","unstructured":"M\u00fcller H, End C, Renner M, Helmke BM, Gassler N, Weiss C, Hartl D, Griese M, Hafner M, Poustka A, Mollenhauer J, Poeschl J (2007) Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is present in hyaline membranes and modulates surface tension of surfactant. Respir Res 8:69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1465-9921-8-69","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"133_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-016-1493-9","volume":"147","author":"H Muller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Muller H, Weiss C, Renner M, Felderhoff-Muser U, Mollenhauer J (2017) DMBT1 promotes basal and meconium-induced nitric oxide production in human lung epithelial cells in vitro. Histochem Cell Biol 147:389\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-016-1493-9","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"133_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.08.007","volume":"133","author":"M Renner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Renner M, Bergmann G, Krebs I, End C, Lyer S, Hilberg F, Helmke B, Gassler N, Autschbach F, Bikker F, Strobel-Freidekind O, Gronert-Sum S, Benner A, Blaich S, Wittig R, Hudler M, Ligtenberg AJ, Madsen J, Holmskov U, Annese V, Latiano A, Schirmacher P, Amerongen AVN, D\u2019Amato M, Kioschis P, Hafner M, Poustka A, Mollenhauer J (2007) DMBT1 confers mucosal protection in vivo and a deletion variant is associated with Crohn\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology 133:1499\u20131509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.08.007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"133_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425910368447","volume":"16","author":"J Madsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Madsen J, Mollenhauer J, Holmskov U (2010) Review: Gp-340\/DMBT1 in mucosal innate immunity. Innate Immun 16:160\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1753425910368447","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"133_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47699","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M406095200","volume":"279","author":"FJ Bikker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bikker FJ, Ligtenberg AJ, End C, Renner M, Blaich S, Lyer S, Wittig R, van\u2019t Hof W, Veerman EC, Nazmi K, de Blieck-Hogervorst JM, Kioschis P, Nieuw Amerongen AV, Poustka A, Mollenhauer J (2004) Bacteria binding by DMBT1\/SAG\/gp-340 is confined to the VEVLXXXXW motif in its scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains. J Biol Chem 279:47699\u201347703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M406095200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"133_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02591385","volume":"22","author":"CP Braegger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Braegger CP, Spencer J, MacDonald TT (1992) Ontogenetic aspects of the intestinal immune system in man. Int J Clin Lab Res 22:1\u20134","journal-title":"Int J Clin Lab Res"},{"key":"133_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1996.d01-488.x","volume":"29","author":"TT MacDonald","year":"1996","unstructured":"MacDonald TT (1996) Accessory cells in the human gastrointestinal tract. Histopathology 29:89\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1996.d01-488.x","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"133_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199208000-00003","volume":"32","author":"TO Rognum","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rognum TO, Thrane S, Stoltenberg L, Vege A, Brandtzaeg P (1992) Development of intestinal mucosal immunity in fetal life and the first postnatal months. Pediatr Res 32:145\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1203\/00006450-199208000-00003","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"133_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G93","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00016.2012","volume":"303","author":"K MohanKumar","year":"2012","unstructured":"MohanKumar K, Kaza N, Jagadeeswaran R, Garzon SA, Bansal A, Kurundkar AR, Namachivayam K, Remon JI, Bandepalli CR, Feng X, Weitkamp JH, Maheshwari A (2012) Gut mucosal injury in neonates is marked by macrophage infiltration in contrast to pleomorphic infiltrates in adult: evidence from an animal model. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 303:G93\u2013G102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00016.2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"133_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90730.2008","volume":"297","author":"A Maheshwari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maheshwari A, Kurundkar AR, Shaik SS, Kelly DR, Hartman Y, Zhang W, Dimmitt R, Saeed S, Randolph DA, Aprahamian C, Datta G, Ohls RK (2009) Epithelial cells in fetal intestine produce chemerin to recruit macrophages. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 297:G1\u2013g10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.90730.2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"133_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1005566","volume":"80","author":"LE Smythies","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smythies LE, Maheshwari A, Clements R, Eckhoff D, Novak L, Vu HL, Mosteller-Barnum LM, Sellers M, Smith PD (2006) Mucosal IL-8 and TGF-beta recruit blood monocytes: evidence for cross-talk between the lamina propria stroma and myeloid cells. J Leukoc Biol 80:492\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1189\/jlb.1005566","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"133_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3758068","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3758068","volume":"2018","author":"D Djordjevic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Djordjevic D, Rondovic G, Surbatovic M, Stanojevic I, Udovicic I, Andjelic T, Zeba S, Milosavljevic S, Stankovic N, Abazovic D, Jevdjic J, Vojvodic D (2018) Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume-to-platelet count ratio as biomarkers in critically ill and injured patients: which ratio to choose to predict outcome and nature of bacteremia? Mediators Inflamm 2018:3758068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/3758068","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"133_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-2335-5","volume":"10","author":"P Forget","year":"2017","unstructured":"Forget P, Khalifa C, Defour JP, Latinne D, Van Pel MC, De Kock M (2017) What is the normal value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio? BMC Res Notes 10:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-016-2335-5","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"133_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1455182","volume":"32","author":"Y Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang Y, Cao ZL, Zhou XY, Chen XQ, Pan JJ, Cheng R (2019) Does neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio have good diagnostic value in neonatal necrotizing colitis? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 32:3026\u20133033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2018.1455182","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"133_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2016.13","volume":"18","author":"SX Cho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cho SX, Berger PJ, Nold-Petry CA, Nold MF (2016) The immunological landscape in necrotising enterocolitis. Expert Rev Mol Med 18:e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/erm.2016.13","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"133_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0027-x","volume":"15","author":"H M\u00fcller","year":"2015","unstructured":"M\u00fcller H, Nagel C, Weiss C, Mollenhauer J, Poeschl J (2015) Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) elicits increased VEGF and decreased IL-6 production in type II lung epithelial cells. BMC Pulm Med 15:32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-015-0027-x","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T05:02:36Z","timestamp":1641445356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molcellped.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40348-021-00133-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7791","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the local ethical committee (University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Germany; No 281_19Bc) and was performed in line with the principles of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1"}}