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Carceral settings and community treatment programs (CTPs) rapidly developed protocols to sustain healthcare delivery while reducing risk of COVID-19 transmission. This survey study assessed changes to OUD treatment, telemedicine use, and re-entry support services among carceral and CTPs participating in the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded study, Long-Acting Buprenorphine vs. Naltrexone Opioid Treatments in Criminal Justice System-Involved Adults (EXIT-CJS) study. In December 2020, carceral sites (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096; median pre-COVID 2020 monthly census\u2009=\u20093468 people) and CTPs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097; median pre-COVID 2020 monthly census\u2009=\u2009550 patients) participating in EXIT-CJS completed a cross-sectional web-based survey. The survey assessed changes pre- (January\u2013March 2020) and post- (April\u2013September 2020) COVID-19 in OUD treatment, telemedicine use, re-entry supports and referral practices. Compared to January\u2013March 2020, half of carceral sites (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093) increased the total number of persons initiating medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) from April\u2013September 2020, while a third (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092) decreased the number of persons initiated. Most CTPs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094) reported a decrease in the number of new admissions from April\u2013September 2020, with two programs stopping or pausing MOUD programs due to COVID-19. All carceral sites with pre-COVID telemedicine use (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095) increased or maintained telemedicine use, and all CTPs providing MOUD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096) increased telemedicine use. While expansion of telemedicine services supported MOUD service delivery, the majority of sites experienced challenges providing community support post-release, including referrals to housing, employment, and transportation services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this small sample of carceral and CTP sites innovated to continue delivery of treatment for OUD. Expansion of telemedicine services was critical to support MOUD service delivery. Despite these innovations, sites experienced challenges providing reintegration supports for persons in the community. Pre-COVID strategies for identifying and engaging individuals while incarcerated may be less effective since the pandemic. In addition to expanding research on the most effective telemedicine practices for carceral settings, research exploring strategies to expand housing and employment support during reintegration are critical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T04:10:59Z","timestamp":1671423059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The impact of COVID-19 on the treatment of opioid use disorder in carceral facilities: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2728-0001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan F.","family":"Satcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura B.","family":"Monico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan D.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra A.","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Farabee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Gryczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amesika","family":"Nyaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn E.","family":"Kunkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alysse M.","family":"Schultheis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Marsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Needham","family":"Waddell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"199_CR1","volume-title":"H.R.955 - Medicaid reentry act of 2021","author":"117th Congress","year":"2021","unstructured":"117th Congress. 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Retrieved from Cambridge, MA: https:\/\/iop.harvard.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/sources\/program\/IOP_Policy_Program_2019_Reentry_Policy.pdf"}],"container-title":["Health &amp; Justice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T04:13:36Z","timestamp":1671423216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/healthandjusticejournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40352-022-00199-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the New York University School of Medicine Institutional Review Board (study reference number: S19\u201301450) and consent was obtained through the web-based survey platform.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Drs. Lee, Springer, Farabee, and Waddell have received in-kind study drug from Indivior and Alkermes for other federally funded trials. Dr. Springer has provided scientific consultation for Alkermes. Dr. Schwartz has provided consultation for Verily Life Sciences. Dr. Marsch is affiliated with Pear Therapeutics, Inc. and Square2 Systems, Inc. Dr. Gryczynski is part owner of COG Analytics. Drs. Gryczynski, Lee, and Monico have received research funding from Indivior for conduct of a health survey study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"35"}}