{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:48:40Z","timestamp":1792788520411,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"CIHR","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01gavpb45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"MSHRBC"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Justice"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In many jurisdictions world-wide, the government agency that manages prisons also provides prison health care services. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) have recommended that health ministries provide prison health care. In Canada, the province of British Columbia (BC) transferred responsibility for correctional health services to the health ministry in accordance with this guidance. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between the transfer in BC and all-cause and overdose mortality within 1 year of release from prison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a retrospective cohort study design employing the difference-in-differences (DiD) method to compare mortality among formerly-incarcerated people in the pre- and post-transfer periods against a matched community control group to control for province-wide trends in mortality. The data source was a longitudinal linkage of administrative databases. The DiD effect was estimated with survival time-to-event models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the formerly-incarcerated group (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096912), all-cause (3.7% vs 2.6%) and overdose (2.7% vs 1.7%) mortality in the first-year post-release decreased from the pre-transfer period to the post-transfer period, while mortality risk changed little in the community control group (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096881) during this time period (all-cause: 0.7% vs 0.9%; overdose: 0.4% vs 0.4%). The transfer was associated with statistically significant reductions in the hazards of all-cause mortality (DiD HR: 0.52, 95% CI: [0.32, 0.83]) and overdose mortality (DiD HR: 0.51, 95% CI: [0.26, 0.99]) in the first-year post-release.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides empirical evidence in support of WHO and UN guidance and indicates that the delivery of correctional health services by community health authorities may reduce deaths, particularly overdose deaths, among people released from correctional centres.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-025-00389-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T13:04:34Z","timestamp":1763816674000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluating the association of transferring governance of correctional health care services with overdose and all-cause mortality: a retrospective cohort study in British Columbia, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"McQuarrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dibbya Pravas","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonia","family":"Nicholls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth Elwood","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine E","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Kinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Greiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Olley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Palis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Krishnamoorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Slaunwhite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"389_CR1","unstructured":"Angrist, J. 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The study relied on the secondary use of deidentified data, therefore, participant consent was not required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"As reports receiving financial support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Michael Smith Health Research BC for the submitted work. AS also reports receiving grant funding from the BC Ministry of Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, and Health Canada as well as serving in a volunteer role on the board of Unlocking the Gates and Mom\u2019s Stop the Harm (non-profit organizations). HP reports receiving Health Research BC C2 Award, UBC Psychiatry Stimulus Grant, and UBC CDC New Faculty Award. AK reports speaker and advisory committee honoraria from Abbvie, Lundbeck, and Eisai, support for quality improvement coaching from Doctors of BC, and a volunteer role on the board of directors for Legions Veterans Village Board and Coast Mental Health Foundation. All other authors declare no support from any organisation for the submitted work, no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years, and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"3"}}