{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T21:44:16Z","timestamp":1793828656499,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"J\u00e1nos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences","award":["BO\/000686\/23\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO\/000686\/23\/2"]}]},{"name":"\u00daNKP-23-5 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation","award":["\u00daNKP-23-5-DE-496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-23-5-DE-496"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigating sport persistence can make a significant contribution to a thorough examination and understanding of the factors underlying an athlete\u2019s activity, integrating physical activity, sports motivation and commitment. This systematic review aimed to detect the papers focusing on the factors influencing sport persistence following the levels of Bronfenbrenner\u2019s and Bauman\u2019s ecological models. Following the PRISMA guidelines, by the EBSCO Discovery Service Search Engine, 512 records were detected, of which 21 met the criteria. Factors influencing sport persistence show a huge variety. Individual factors and micro-system level were overrepresented. Meso- and macro-level factors are underrepresented and measured only with other (individual or micro-system level) factors. Most factors detected at the individual (e.g. gender, age, career-related variables and positive psychological factors), micro- (e.g. family, peers and coaches), meso- (e.g. climate), and macro-level (cultural, societal, and institutional influences) were positively correlated with sport persistence, i.e. supporting the persistent behaviour of the athletes regarding participating in one\u2019s sporting activity. In conclusion, there is still room for further research concerning sport persistence. Including variables belonging to the meso- and macro-system and conducting longitudinal research should be considered which would allow us to better understand the nature of sport persistence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T05:02:55Z","timestamp":1729659775000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Factors influencing sport persistence still represent a knowledge gap \u2013 the experience of a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Karolina Eszter","family":"Kov\u00e1cs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsolt","family":"Szak\u00e1l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR1","first-page":"12","volume":"8","author":"J Fraser-Thomas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fraser-Thomas J, C\u00f4t\u00e9 J. Youth sports: implementing findings and moving Forward with Research. Athletic Insight. 2006;8(3):12\u201327.","journal-title":"Athletic Insight"},{"issue":"7","key":"2098_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","volume":"43","author":"CE Garber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee I-M, Nieman DC, Swain DP. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43(7):1334\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/02671520701809817","volume":"24","author":"R Bailey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bailey R, Armour K, Kirk D, Jess M, Pickup I, Sandford R, BERA Physical Education and, Sport P. The educational benefits claimed for physical education and school sport: an academic review. Res Papers Educ. 2009;24(1):1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02671520701809817.","journal-title":"Res Papers Educ"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2098_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.2013.46.S.S28","volume":"46","author":"DL Gill","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gill DL, Hammond CC, Reifsteck EJ, Jehu CM, Williams RA, Adams MM, Lange EH, Becofsky K, Rodriguez E, Shang Y-T. Physical activity and quality of life. J Prev Med Public Health. 2013;46(Suppl 1):S28\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3961\/jpmph.2013.46.S.S28.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Public Health"},{"key":"2098_CR5","unstructured":"Gy\u00f6mb\u00e9r N, Kov\u00e1cs K, editors. Fejben d\u0151l el. Sportpszichol\u00f3gia mindenkinek \u00edf It\u2019s all in the head. Sports psychology for everyone]. NORAN LIBRO; 2012."},{"key":"2098_CR6","unstructured":"Pik\u00f3 B, Keresztes N. Sport, l\u00e9lek, eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g [Sport, mind, health]. Akad\u00e9miai Kiad\u00f3; 2007."},{"key":"2098_CR7","unstructured":"Council of Europe. (1997). The European Charter of Sport. https:\/\/rm.coe.int\/16804c9dbb"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR8","first-page":"126","volume":"100","author":"CJ Caspersen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep (Washington D C : 1974). 1985;100(2):126\u201331.","journal-title":"Public Health Rep (Washington D C : 1974)"},{"key":"2098_CR9","volume-title":"Global recommendations on physical activity for health","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: WHO; 2010."},{"key":"2098_CR10","volume-title":"A testnevel\u00e9s elm\u00e9lete \u00e9s m\u00f3dszertana [The theory and didactics of physical education]","author":"B B\u00e1thori","year":"1985","unstructured":"B\u00e1thori B. A testnevel\u00e9s elm\u00e9lete \u00e9s m\u00f3dszertana [The theory and didactics of physical education]. Budapest: Sport kiad\u00f3; 1985."},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.14232\/ISKKULT.2021.05.55","volume":"31","author":"KE Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs KE. A sportperzisztencia vizsg\u00e1lata az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g, kapcsolati h\u00e1l\u00f3, motiv\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s tanulm\u00e1nyi eredm\u00e9nyess\u00e9g f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny\u00e9ben [Examining sport persistence in the light of health, relationship network, motivation and academic performance]. Iskolakult\u00fara. 2021;31(5):55\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14232\/ISKKULT.2021.05.55.","journal-title":"Iskolakult\u00fara"},{"issue":"12","key":"2098_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7423","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19127423","volume":"19","author":"KE Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs KE, Kov\u00e1cs K, Szab\u00f3 F, Dan BA, Szak\u00e1l Z, Moravecz M, Szab\u00f3 D, Olajos T, Csukonyi C, Papp D, \u0150rsi B, Pusztai G. Sport motivation from the perspective of health, institutional embeddedness and academic persistence among higher educational students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(12):7423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19127423.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2478\/pcssr-2020-0009","volume":"86","author":"T Berki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Berki T, Pik\u00f3 BF, Page RM. Hungarian adaptation of the sport commitment questionnaire-2 and test of an expanded model with psychological variables. Phys Cult Sport Stud Res. 2020;86(1):15\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/pcssr-2020-0009.","journal-title":"Phys Cult Sport Stud Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01063-3","volume":"49","author":"J Cairney","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cairney J, Dudley D, Kwan M, Bulten R, Kriellaars D. Physical literacy, physical activity and health: toward an evidence-informed conceptual model. Sports Med. 2019;49(3):371\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-019-01063-3.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/10413200.2015.1085922","volume":"28","author":"P Larkin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Larkin P, O\u2019Connor D, Williams AM. Does grit influence sport-specific engagement and perceptual-cognitive expertise in elite youth soccer? J Appl Sport Psychol. 2016;28(2):129\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10413200.2015.1085922.","journal-title":"J Appl Sport Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1123\/jcsp.2015-0015","volume":"9","author":"JJ Martin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martin JJ, Byrd B, Watts ML, Dent M. Gritty, hardy, and resilient: predictors of sport engagement and life satisfaction in wheelchair basketball players. J Clin Sport Psychol. 2015;9(4):345\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jcsp.2015-0015.","journal-title":"J Clin Sport Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/13598139.2017.1340262","volume":"28","author":"RAB Tedesqui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tedesqui RAB, Young BW. Investigating grit variables and their relations with practice and skill groups in developing sport experts. High Ability Stud. 2017;28(2):167\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13598139.2017.1340262.","journal-title":"High Ability Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.37441\/cejer\/2022\/4\/1\/10763","volume":"4","author":"Z Szak\u00e1l","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szak\u00e1l Z. Assessing the role of the Coach in terms of dropping out from Youth sports. Cent Eur J Educational Res. 2022;4(1):66\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37441\/cejer\/2022\/4\/1\/10763.","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Educational Res"},{"issue":"4286","key":"2098_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.847460","volume":"196","author":"GL Engel","year":"1977","unstructured":"Engel GL. The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science. 1977;196(4286):129\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.847460.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.24193\/cbb.2017.21.14","volume":"21","author":"T Berki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berki T, Pik\u00f3 B. Hungarian adaptation and psychological correlates of source of enjoyment in Youth Sport Questionnaire among high school students. Cognition Brain Behaviour: Interdisciplinary J. 2017;21(4):215\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24193\/cbb.2017.21.14.","journal-title":"Cognition Brain Behaviour: Interdisciplinary J"},{"key":"2098_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.09.003","volume":"27","author":"RB Clancy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Clancy RB, Herring MP, MacIntyre TE, Campbell MJ. A review of competitive sport motivation research. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2016;27:232\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.09.003.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"22","key":"2098_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11834","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182211834","volume":"18","author":"K Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs K, Kov\u00e1cs KE. Using the behavioural regulation in an exercise questionnaire (BREQ\u20132) in Central and Eastern Europe: evidence of reliability, sociocultural background, and the effect on sports activity. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(22):11834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182211834.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.35.5.525","volume":"35","author":"TK Scanlan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scanlan TK, Russell DG, Scanlan LA, Klunchoo TJ, Chow GM. Project on elite athlete commitment (peak): Iv. Identification of new candidate commitment sources in the sport commitment model. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2013;35(5):525\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsep.35.5.525.","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"2098_CR24","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs KE. Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g \u00e9s tanul\u00e1s a k\u00f6znevel\u00e9si t\u00edpus\u00fa sportiskol\u00e1kban [Health and learning in educational sport schools]. CHERD; 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600002341","volume":"13","author":"TG Calvo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Calvo TG, Cervell\u00f3 E, Jim\u00e9nez R, Iglesias D, Murcia JAM. Using self-determination theory to explain sport persistence and dropout in adolescent athletes. Span J Psychol. 2010;13(2):677\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1138741600002341.","journal-title":"Span J Psychol"},{"key":"2098_CR26","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs KE, Csukonyi, Cs, editors. (submitted). Investigating sport persistence through the development of the Sport Persistence Questionnaire. Sports."},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.17670\/MPed.2018.3.237","volume":"118","author":"K Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs K. A sportol\u00e1s \u00e9s a perzisztencia \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9s\u00e9nek vizsg\u00e1lata \u00f6t orsz\u00e1g hallgat\u00f3inak k\u00f6r\u00e9ben. Magyar Pedag\u00f3gia. 2018;118(3):237\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17670\/MPed.2018.3.237.","journal-title":"Magyar Pedag\u00f3gia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.37441\/cejer\/2022\/4\/1\/10726","volume":"4","author":"D Olah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Olah D, Nyisztor P, Borbely S, Bognar J. Dual Career through the analysis of policy documents: a case study focusing on Athletics. Cent Eur J Educational Res. 2022;4(1):86\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37441\/cejer\/2022\/4\/1\/10726.","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Educational Res"},{"issue":"9838","key":"2098_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60735-1","volume":"380","author":"AE Bauman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bauman AE, Reis RS, Sallis JF, Wells JC, Loos RJ, Martin BW. Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? Lancet. 2012;380(9838):258\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60735-1.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","volume":"4","author":"PRISMA-P Group","year":"2015","unstructured":"Group PRISMA-P, Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (Prisma-p) 2015 statement. Syst Reviews. 2015;4(1):1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1.","journal-title":"Syst Reviews"},{"key":"2098_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moola S, Munn Z, Tufanaru C, Aromataris E, Sears K, Sfetcu R, Currie M, Lisy K, Qureshi R, Mattis P, Mu P. (2020). Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In E. Aromataris, Z. Munn, editors, JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46658\/JBIMES-20-08","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-08"},{"issue":"7","key":"2098_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/sports9070096","volume":"9","author":"C Consoni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Consoni C, Pesce C, Cherubini D. Early Drop-Out from sports and Strategic Learning skills: a Cross-country Study in Italian and Spanish Students. Sports. 2021;9(7):96\u201396.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR33","first-page":"65","volume":"19","author":"EM Cervell\u00f3","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cervell\u00f3 EM, Amparo E, Guzm\u00e1n JF. Youth sport dropout from the achievement goal theory. Psicothema. 2007;19(1):65\u201371.","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"issue":"25","key":"2098_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.5232\/ricyde2011.02503","volume":"7","author":"RM Lukwu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lukwu RM, Guzm\u00e1n Luj\u00e1n JF. Sport commitment and adherence: a social-cognitive analysis. RICYDE. Revista Internacional De Ciencias Del Deporte \/. Int J Sport Sci. 2011;7(25):277\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5232\/ricyde2011.02503.","journal-title":"Int J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2098_CR35","volume-title":"Leadership and Motivational Climate","author":"C Calvo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Calvo C, Topa G. Leadership and Motivational Climate. Commitment: The Relationship with Objectives; 2019."},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR36","first-page":"335","volume":"28","author":"RM Ryan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ryan RM, Frederick CM, Lepes D, Rubio N, Sheldon KM. Intrinsic motivation and exercise adherence. Int J Sport Psycol. 1997;28(4):335\u201354.","journal-title":"Int J Sport Psycol"},{"key":"2098_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2017.08.009","volume":"33","author":"SM Miller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miller SM, Siegel JT. Youth sports and physical activity: the relationship between perceptions of childhood sport experience and adult exercise behavior. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2017;33:85\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2017.08.009.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/1612197X.2019.1655775","volume":"19","author":"E Albert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Albert E, Petrie TA, Moore EWG. The relationship of motivational climates, mindsets, and goal orientations to grit in male adolescent soccer players. Int J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2021;19(2):265\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1612197X.2019.1655775.","journal-title":"Int J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1080\/00207590143000243","volume":"37","author":"E Guillet","year":"2002","unstructured":"Guillet E, Sarrazin P, Carpenter PJ, Trouilloud D, Cury F. Predicting persistence or withdrawal in female handballers with social exchange theory. Int J Psychol. 2002;37(2):92\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00207590143000243.","journal-title":"Int J Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.98","volume":"32","author":"P Sarrazin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sarrazin P, Vallerand R, Guillet E, Pelletier L, Cury F. Motivation and dropout in female handballers: a 21-month prospective study. Eur J Social Psychol. 2002;32(3):395\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejsp.98.","journal-title":"Eur J Social Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00786.x","volume":"19","author":"H Le Bars","year":"2008","unstructured":"Le Bars H, Gernigon C, Ninot G. Personal and contextual determinants of elite young athletes\u2019 persistence or dropping out over time: Elite athletes\u2019 persistence or dropping out. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008;19(2):274\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00786.x.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-11-62","volume":"11","author":"SA Vella","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vella SA, Cliff DP, Okely AD. Socio-ecological predictors of participation and dropout in organised sports during childhood. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity. 2014;11(1):62. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1479-5868-11-62.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity"},{"issue":"6","key":"2098_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.09.012","volume":"18","author":"RM Eime","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eime RM, Casey MM, Harvey JT, Sawyer NA, Symons CM, Payne WR. Socioecological factors potentially associated with participation in physical activity and sport: a longitudinal study of adolescent girls. J Sci Med Sport. 2015;18(6):684\u201390.","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.11.011","volume":"18","author":"DF Gucciardi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gucciardi DF, Jackson B. Understanding sport continuation: an integration of the theories of planned behaviour and basic psychological needs. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2013;18(1):31\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.11.011.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014805132406","volume":"25","author":"LG Pelletier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pelletier LG, Fortier MS, Vallerland RJ, Briere NM. Associations among Perceived Autonomy Support, forms of Self-Regulation, and persistence: a prospective study. Motivation Emot. 2001;25(4):279\u2013306.","journal-title":"Motivation Emot"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2007.08.003","volume":"9","author":"J Fraser-Thomas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fraser-Thomas J, C\u00f4t\u00e9 J, Deakin J. Understanding dropout and prolonged engagement in adolescent competitive sport. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2008;9(5):645\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2007.08.003.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"2098_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2015.04.006","volume":"21","author":"A Baron-Thiene","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baron-Thiene A, Alfermann D. Personal characteristics as predictors for dual career dropout versus continuation \u2013 a prospective study of adolescent athletes from German elite sport schools. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2015;21:42\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2015.04.006.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"2098_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.102042","volume":"57","author":"D Westmattelmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Westmattelmann D, Hossiep R, Bruckes M, Schewe G. Resilience in elite sport and at work \u2013 A comparative analysis among German elite athletes and employees. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2021;57:102042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.102042.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2011.04.005","volume":"12","author":"H J\u00f5esaar","year":"2011","unstructured":"J\u00f5esaar H, Hein V, Hagger MS. Peer influence on young athletes\u2019 need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation and persistence in sport: a 12-month prospective study. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2011;12(5):500\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2011.04.005.","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1177\/0031512516659874","volume":"123","author":"J Ahn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahn J, Jeon H, Kwon S. Associations between self-regulation, exercise participation, and adherence intention among Korean university students. Percept Mot Skills. 2016;123(1):324\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0031512516659874.","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.7752\/jpes.2020.s3293","volume":"20","author":"Z Lea","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lea Z, Branko S. Dropout rate of Slovenian\u2019s most successful young athletes. J Phys Educ Sport. 2020;20(3):2182\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7752\/jpes.2020.s3293.","journal-title":"J Phys Educ Sport"},{"issue":"9","key":"2098_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.7752\/jpes.2022.09260","volume":"22","author":"I Popovich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Popovich I, Radul I, Hoian I, Ohnystyi A, Doichyk M, Burlakova I. Athletes\u2019 resilience typology: a comparative analysis of individual and team sports. J Phys Educ Sport. 2022;22(9):2036\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7752\/jpes.2022.09260.","journal-title":"J Phys Educ Sport"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/01490408809512180","volume":"10","author":"JL Duda","year":"1988","unstructured":"Duda JL. The relationship between goal perspectives, persistence and behavioral intensity among male and female recreational sport participants. Leisure Sci. 1988;10(2):95\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01490408809512180.","journal-title":"Leisure Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1177\/1521025119889588","volume":"23","author":"K Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs K. A survey of the interrelation between sports and persistence among students in five countries. J Coll Student Retention: Res Theory Pract. 2022;23(4):1018\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1521025119889588.","journal-title":"J Coll Student Retention: Res Theory Pract"},{"key":"2098_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs K, Pusztai G. An empirical study of Bourdieu\u2019s theory on capital and habitus in the sporting habits of higher education students learning in Central and Eastern Europe. Sport Educ Soc. 2023;1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13573322.2022.2164266.","DOI":"10.1080\/13573322.2022.2164266"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.68","volume":"55","author":"RM Ryan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol. 2000;55(1):68\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.68.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"2098_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijedro.2021.100055","volume":"2","author":"MA Yukhymenko-Lescroart","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yukhymenko-Lescroart MA. The role of passion for sport in college student-athletes\u2019 motivation and effort in academics and athletics. Int J Educational Res Open. 2021;2:100055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijedro.2021.100055.","journal-title":"Int J Educational Res Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.33.3.460","volume":"33","author":"M Nicolas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nicolas M, Gaudreau P, Franche V. Perception of coaching behaviors, coping, and achievement in a sport competition. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2011;33(3):460\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsep.33.3.460.","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2447","volume":"29","author":"M Gerber","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerber M, Kalak N, Lemola S, Clough PJ, Perry JL, P\u00fchse U, Elliot C, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Brand S. Are adolescents with high mental toughness levels more resilient against stress? Mental toughness and stress resilience. Stress Health. 2013;29(2):164\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.2447.","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"2098_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710666","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2021.710666","volume":"3","author":"R Eime","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eime R, Charity M, Harvey J, Westerbeek H. Five-year changes in community-level sport participation, and the role of gender strategies. Front Sports Act Living. 2021;3:710666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fspor.2021.710666.","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12193","volume":"65","author":"RC Dunn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunn RC, Dorsch TE, King MQ, Rothlisberger KJ. The impact of family financial investment on perceived parent pressure and child enjoyment and commitment in organized youth sport. Fam Relat. 2016;65(1):287\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/fare.12193.","journal-title":"Fam Relat"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR62","first-page":"71","volume":"8","author":"M Moravecz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moravecz M. Eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gfejleszt\u00e9s a k\u00f6zoktat\u00e1st\u00f3l az egyetemig f\u00f3kuszcsoportos vizsg\u00e1latok t\u00fckr\u00e9ben [Health promotion from public education to university in the light of focus group studies]. Pedacta. 2018;8(2):71\u201380.","journal-title":"Pedacta"},{"key":"2098_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bronfenbrenner U. The Ecology of Human Development. Harvard University Press; 1979.","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674028845"},{"issue":"8","key":"2098_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3390\/sports9080116","volume":"9","author":"JA Haugan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haugan JA, Moen F, \u00d8ster\u00e5s MO, Stenseng F. Effects of a mentor program for coaches on the coach-athlete relationship. Sports. 2021;9(8):116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports9080116.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR65","first-page":"125","volume":"8","author":"G Pusztai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pusztai G, Kov\u00e1cs KE, Kov\u00e1cs K, Nagy BE. The effect of campus environment on students\u2019 health behaviour in four central European countries. J Social Res Policy. 2017;8(1):125\u201338.","journal-title":"J Social Res Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/11745398.2018.1430598","volume":"22","author":"J Robertson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Robertson J, Eime R, Westerbeek H. Community sports clubs: are they only about playing sport, or do they have broader health promotion and social responsibilities? Annals Leisure Res. 2019;22(2):215\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/11745398.2018.1430598.","journal-title":"Annals Leisure Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2015.1121915","volume":"8","author":"AC Sparkes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sparkes AC, Stewart C. Taking sporting autobiographies seriously as an analytical and pedagogical resource in sport, exercise and health. Qualitative Res Sport Exerc Health. 2016;8(2):113\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2159676X.2015.1121915.","journal-title":"Qualitative Res Sport Exerc Health"},{"key":"2098_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White RG, Bethell A, Charnock L, Leckey S, Penpraze V. Acceptance and commitment approaches for athletes\u2019 well-being and performance. Palgrave Macmillan; 2021.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-64942-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1556\/063.9.2019.4.60","volume":"9","author":"KE Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs KE. Toward the pathway of sports school students: Health awareness and dropout as the index of academic and non-academic achievement. Hung Educational Res J. 2019;9(4):730\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/063.9.2019.4.60.","journal-title":"Hung Educational Res J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738112464626","volume":"5","author":"N Jayanthi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jayanthi N, Pinkham C, Dugas L, Patrick B, Labella C. Sports specialization in young athletes: evidence-based recommendations. Sports Health. 2013;5(3):251\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1941738112464626.","journal-title":"Sports Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T05:08:24Z","timestamp":1729660104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-024-02098-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The United Ethical Review Committee for Research in Psychology (EPKEB) approved this study (2023\u2009\u2212\u2009112). The research is conducted ethically, the results are reported honestly, the submitted work is original and not (self-)plagiarized, and authorship reflects the individuals\u2019 contributions. Informed consent was not required for the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"584"}}