{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:31:25Z","timestamp":1790735485141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T12:28:39Z","timestamp":1746361719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Marburg virus disease in Ghana: psychological impact of quarantine on health workers in the Adansi-North district"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"George Adjeisah","family":"Adjei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Adjei","family":"Okai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herman Kofi Nuake","family":"Agboh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence Ofosu","family":"Adjare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Dzackah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2825_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0007257","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007257","volume":"13","author":"L Nyakarahuka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nyakarahuka L, Shoemaker TR, Balinandi S, Chemos G, Kwesiga B, Mulei S, et al. Marburg virus disease outbreak in Kween district Uganda, 2017: epidemiological and laboratory findings. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019;13(3):e0007257.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"Supplement2","key":"2825_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1086\/520551","volume":"196","author":"W Slenczka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Slenczka W, Klenk HD. Forty years of Marburg virus. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(Supplement2):S131\u20135.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2825_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2306.170047","volume":"23","author":"L Nyakarahuka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nyakarahuka L, Ojwang J, Tumusiime A, Balinandi S, Whitmer S, Kyazze S, et al. Isolated case of Marburg virus disease, Kampala, Uganda, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(6):1001.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2825_CR4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Marburg virus disease [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Nov 19]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/marburg-virus-disease"},{"key":"2825_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sah R, Mohanty A, Reda A, Siddiq A, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K. Marburg virus re-emerged in 2022: recently detected in Ghana, another zoonotic pathogen coming up amid rising cases of Monkeypox and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic-global health concerns and counteracting measures. Vet Q. 2022; 42(1):1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2022.2116501"},{"issue":"suppl3","key":"2825_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S796","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir312","volume":"204","author":"J Adjemian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Adjemian J, Farnon EC, Tschioko F, Wamala JF, Byaruhanga E, Bwire GS, et al. Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever among miners in Kamwenge and Ibanda districts, Uganda, 2007. J Infect Dis. 2011;204(suppl3):S796\u20139.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2825_CR7","first-page":"332","volume":"3","author":"A Asad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asad A, Aamir A, Qureshi NE, Bhimani S, Jatoi NN, Batra S, et al. Past and current advances in Marburg virus disease: a review. Infez Med. 2020;3:332\u201345.","journal-title":"Infez Med"},{"key":"2825_CR8","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Marburg virus disease [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Aug 22]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/marburg-virus-disease"},{"key":"2825_CR9","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention| Marburg (Marburg Virus Disease)| CDC [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Sep 19]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vhf\/marburg\/prevention\/index.html"},{"key":"2825_CR10","unstructured":"Hunter N, Rathish B. Marburg fever [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Sep 19]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK578176\/"},{"issue":"10227","key":"2825_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30460-8","volume":"395","author":"SK Brooks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395(10227):912\u201320.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"2825_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.55.9.1055","volume":"55","author":"Y Bai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bai Y, Lin CC, Lin CY, Chen JY, Chue CM, Chou P. Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatr Serv. 2004;55(9):1055\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"2825_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S311018","volume":"17","author":"G Jassim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jassim G, Jameel M, Brennan E, Yusuf M, Hasan N, Alwatani Y. Psychological impact of COVID-19, isolation, and quarantine: A cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2021;17:1413.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"2825_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S284102","volume":"13","author":"AA Alkhamees","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alkhamees AA, Aljohani MS, Alghesen MA, Alhabib AT. Psychological distress in quarantine designated facility during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020;13:3103.","journal-title":"Risk Manag Healthc Policy"},{"key":"2825_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alodhayani AA, Almutairi KM, Alshobaili FA, Alotaibi AF, Alkhaldi G, Vinluan JM, et al. In: Healthcare, editor. Predictors of mental health status among quarantined COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. MDPI; 2021;1271.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9101271"},{"issue":"3","key":"2825_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2020.09.008","volume":"35","author":"MES El Keshky","year":"2021","unstructured":"El Keshky MES, Alsabban AM, Basyouni SS. The psychological and social impacts on personal stress for residents quarantined for COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;35(3):311\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"2825_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.25259\/JPATS_38_2021","volume":"3","author":"N Mokogwu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mokogwu N. Psychological challenges and coping strategies of quarantined healthcare workers exposed to confirmed COVID-19 cases in a tertiary hospital in Edo state. J Pan Afr Thorac Soc. 2022;3(2):71\u20137.","journal-title":"J Pan Afr Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2825_CR18","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Ghana declares first-ever outbreak of Marburg virus disease| WHO| Regional Office for Africa [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/countries\/ghana\/news\/ghana-declares-first-ever-outbreak-marburg-virus-disease-0"},{"key":"2825_CR19","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Marburg Virus Disease - Ghana [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2022-DON402"},{"key":"2825_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wellington J, Nur A, Nicholas A, Uwishema O, Chaito H, Awosiku O et al. Marburg virus outbreak in Ghana: an impending crisis. Ann Med Surg. 2022;104377.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104377"},{"key":"2825_CR21","unstructured":"Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping. Volume 464. Springer Publishing Company; 1984."},{"key":"2825_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biggs A, Brough P, Drummond S. Lazarus and Folkman\u2019s psychological stress and coping theory. Handb Stress Heal Guid Res Pract. 2017;349\u201364.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118993811.ch21"},{"key":"2825_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-015-0336-1","volume":"12","author":"EC Schoenmakers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schoenmakers EC, Van Tilburg TG, Fokkema T. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping options and loneliness: how are they related? Eur J Ageing. 2015;12:153\u201361.","journal-title":"Eur J Ageing"},{"issue":"19","key":"2825_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17815","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-023-05158-z","volume":"43","author":"V Schneider","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schneider V, Duden G, Landmann H, Rohmann A. If you know from the start \u2018how long\u2019, then you can always adjust to it better: a qualitative study of adults\u2019 experiences and coping with two years COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Curr Psychol. 2024;43(19):17815\u201331.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2825_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/ijop.12820","volume":"57","author":"E Greenglass","year":"2022","unstructured":"Greenglass E, Chiacchia D, Fiskenbaum L. Investigating COVID-19 stress and coping: substance use and behavioural disengagement. Int J Psychol. 2022;57(3):325\u201335.","journal-title":"Int J Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2825_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2021.102251","volume":"51","author":"O Lablanche","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lablanche O, Salle B, Perie MA, Labrune E, Langlois-Jacques C, Fraison E. Psychological effect of COVID-19 pandemic among women undergoing infertility care, a French cohort\u2013PsyCovART psychological effect of COVID-19: psycovart. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2022;51(1):102251.","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"3","key":"2825_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12618","volume":"60","author":"E Szkody","year":"2021","unstructured":"Szkody E, Stearns M, Stanhope L, McKinney C. Stress-buffering role of social support during COVID\u201019. Fam Process. 2021;60(3):1002\u201315.","journal-title":"Fam Process"},{"key":"2825_CR28","unstructured":"Creswell JW, Poth CN. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches. Sage; 2016."},{"key":"2825_CR29","unstructured":"Ghana Statistical Service. Adansi North District [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https:\/\/www2.statsghana.gov.gh\/docfiles\/2010_District_Report\/Ashanti\/ADANSI%20NORTH.pdf"},{"key":"2825_CR30","unstructured":"Adansi North District Assembly. Composite Budget for 2019\u20132022 Programmme Based Budget Estimates for 2019 [Internet]. 2019. Available from: https:\/\/mofep.gov.gh\/sites\/default\/files\/composite-budget\/2019\/AR\/Adansi-North.pdf"},{"key":"2825_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-013-0528-y","volume":"42","author":"LA Palinkas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palinkas LA, Horwitz SM, Green CA, Wisdom JP, Duan N, Hoagwood K. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Adm Policy Ment Heal Ment Heal Serv Res. 2015;42:533\u201344.","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Heal Ment Heal Serv Res"},{"key":"2825_CR32","unstructured":"Morse JM. Designing funded qualitative research. 1994."},{"issue":"1","key":"2825_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/13814788.2017.1375091","volume":"24","author":"A Moser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moser A, Korstjens I, Series. Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 3: sampling, data collection and analysis. Eur J Gen Pract. 2018;24(1):9\u201318.","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Pract"},{"key":"2825_CR34","unstructured":"Mason M. Sample size and saturation in PhD studies using qualitative interviews. In: Forum qualitative Sozialforschung\/Forum: qualitative social research. 2010."},{"key":"2825_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdulah D, Musa D, Liamputtong P. The psychosocial experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) during COVID-19 quarantine: a qualitative study. Adv Psychiatry Neurol Psychiatr I Neurol. 2022;31(1).","DOI":"10.5114\/ppn.2022.124358"},{"issue":"6","key":"2825_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020932202","volume":"66","author":"M Fawaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fawaz M, Samaha A. The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to COVID-19: A qualitative study of Lebanese health care workers. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020;66(6):560.","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"2825_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591142","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.591142","volume":"11","author":"P Dagnino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dagnino P, Anguita V, Escobar K, Cifuentes S. Psychological effects of social isolation due to quarantine in Chile: an exploratory study. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:591142.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2825_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101.","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"key":"2825_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Naturalistic inquiry. sage; 1985.","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"key":"2825_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683603","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.683603","volume":"12","author":"W Fageera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fageera W, Babtain F, Alzahrani AS, Khrad HM. Lock-down effect on the mental health status of healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:683603.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2825_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.02.009","volume":"178","author":"A Desclaux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Desclaux A, Badji D, Ndione AG, Sow K. Accepted monitoring or endured quarantine? Ebola contacts\u2019 perceptions in Senegal. Soc Sci Med. 2017;178:38\u201345.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2825_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-344","volume":"13","author":"A Braunack-Mayer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Braunack-Mayer A, Tooher R, Collins JE, Street JM, Marshall H. Understanding the school community\u2019s response to school closures during the H1N1 2009 influenza pandemic. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):1\u201315.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2825_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0143036","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143036","volume":"10","author":"U Pellecchia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pellecchia U, Crestani R, Decroo T, Van den Bergh R, Al-Kourdi Y. Social consequences of Ebola containment measures in Liberia. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(12):e0143036.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2825_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paredes Ruvalcaba N, Kim AW, Ndaba N, Cele L, Swana S, Bosire E et al. Coping mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in metropolitan Johannesburg, South Africa: A qualitative study. Am J Hum Biol. 2023;35(12):e23958.","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23958"},{"key":"2825_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2021.100759","volume":"11","author":"MNN Htay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Htay MNN, Marzo RR, Bahari R, AlRifai A, Kamberi F, El-Abasiri RA, et al. How healthcare workers are coping with mental health challenges during COVID-19 pandemic?-A cross-sectional multi-countries study. Clin Epidemiol Glob Heal. 2021;11:100759.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Heal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2825_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2015.1028232","volume":"21","author":"N Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik N. Social support and negative and positive outcomes of experienced traumatic events in a group of male emergency service workers. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2015;21(2):119\u201327.","journal-title":"Int J Occup Saf Ergon"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T12:28:53Z","timestamp":1746361733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2825"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-025-02825-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Ghana Health Service Institutional Review Board with the review number GHS-ERC 007\/02\/23. In addition to the Ethical clearance, informed consent was obtained from all the respondents after explaining the purpose of the study to them. Respondents were also informed that notwithstanding the consent given, they could withdraw from the study at any time.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"466"}}