{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:15:54Z","timestamp":1790126154374,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSSFC: 24AGL008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T12:23:39Z","timestamp":1751372619000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Exposure to workplace bullying and nurses\u2019 turnover intentions nexus: a moderation-mediation analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Atingabili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Arboh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac Adjei","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick Yvan Ngansom","family":"Kewou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bismark Sakpiti","family":"Maalisuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"S9","key":"3008_CR1","first-page":"188","volume":"7","author":"RTA Alruwaili","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alruwaili RTA, et al. Workforce shortages in nursing in Saudi Arabia A review of causes and solutions. J Int Crisis Risk Communication Res. 2024;7(S9):188.","journal-title":"J Int Crisis Risk Communication Res"},{"key":"3008_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijotn.2023.101018","volume":"49","author":"R Jester","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jester R. Editorial\u2013Global shortage of nurses\u2013Rebecca jester for May 2023 issue. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs. 2023;49:101018.","journal-title":"Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"3008_CR3","unstructured":"WHO, W.H.O. Nursing and midwifery. 2022 [cited 2023 3\/12\/2023]; Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/nursing-and-midwifery"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s41256-023-00307-0","volume":"8","author":"T Ebeye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ebeye T, Lee H. Down the brain drain: a rapid review exploring physician emigration from West Africa. Global Health Res Policy. 2023;8(1):23.","journal-title":"Global Health Res Policy"},{"key":"3008_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2020.102409","volume":"76","author":"E Adovor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adovor E, et al. Medical brain drain: how many, where and why? J Health Econ. 2021;76:102409.","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"8","key":"3008_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2015-103150","volume":"43","author":"G Brock","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brock G, Blake M. What should be done to address losses associated with \u2018medical brain drain\u2019? J Med Ethics. 2017;43(8):558\u20139.","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"3008_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boateng AB et al. Factors influencing turnover intention among nurses and midwives in Ghana. Nursing research and practice, 2022;2022.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4299702"},{"key":"3008_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kinfu Y, et al. The health worker shortage in africa: are enough physicians and nurses being trained? SciELO Public Health 2009.","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.051599"},{"key":"3008_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Opoku DA et al. Attrition of nursing professionals in Ghana: an effect of burnout on intention to quit. Nursing Research and Practice, 2022;2022.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3100344"},{"key":"3008_CR10","unstructured":"Moh Moh. Health Sector Annual Programme of Work 2022 Holistic Assessment Report. 2022."},{"key":"3008_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amoo SA, Menlah A, Garti I, Appiah EO (2021) Bullying in the clinical setting: Lived experiences of nursing students in the Central Region of Ghana. PLOS ONE 16(9): e0257620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0257620","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257620"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-021-01379-y","volume":"22","author":"V Bawontuo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bawontuo V, et al. Rural healthcare providers coping with clinical care delivery challenges: lessons from three health centres in Ghana. BMC Fam Pract. 2021;22(1):32.","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"3008_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0305026","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305026","volume":"19","author":"E Dapilah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dapilah E, Druye AA. Investigating workplace bullying (WPB), intention to quit and depression among nurses in the upper West region of Ghana. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(11):e0305026.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3008_CR14","unstructured":"Mobley WH. Employee turnover: causes, consequences, and control. (No Title);1982."},{"key":"3008_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed E, Jaber M, Albanna H. The relationship between job satisfaction and intention to quit a job: mediating factor job burnout. Int J Res Bus Social Sci, 2022;11(9).","DOI":"10.20525\/ijrbs.v11i9.2213"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOA-06-2021-2807","volume":"31","author":"A Shakoor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shakoor A, et al. Moderated mediation between work\u2013life conflict and employee turnover intentions: the role of job dissatisfaction and workplace social support. Int J Organizational Anal. 2023;31(4):1037\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Organizational Anal"},{"key":"3008_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Einarsen S, Skogstad A. Bullying at work: Epidemiological findings in public and private organizations. Eur J Work Organ Psychol. 1996;5(2):185\u2013201.","DOI":"10.1080\/13594329608414854"},{"key":"3008_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2834.2011.01264.x","volume":"19 6","author":"A H\u00f8gh","year":"2011","unstructured":"H\u00f8gh A, Hoel H, Carneiro IG. Bullying and employee turnover among healthcare workers: a three-wave prospective study. J Nurs Adm Manag. 2011;19 6:742\u201351.","journal-title":"J Nurs Adm Manag"},{"key":"3008_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726712445100","volume":"65","author":"M Houshmand","year":"2012","unstructured":"Houshmand M, et al. Escaping bullying: the simultaneous impact of individual and unit-level bullying on turnover intentions. Hum Relat. 2012;65:901\u201318.","journal-title":"Hum Relat"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-7657.2009.00745.x","volume":"56","author":"D Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","year":"2009","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m D. Bullying among nurses and its effects. Int Nurs Rev. 2009;56(4):504\u201311.","journal-title":"Int Nurs Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.397","volume":"52","author":"C Maslach","year":"2001","unstructured":"Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Ann Rev Psychol. 2001;52(1):397\u2013422.","journal-title":"Ann Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3008_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0226506","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226506","volume":"14","author":"Y Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim Y, Lee E, Lee H. Association between workplace bullying and burnout, professional quality of life, and turnover intention among clinical nurses. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(12):e0226506.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/PRR-08-2020-0025","volume":"6","author":"I Harun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harun I, Mahmood R, Md H, Som. Role stressors and turnover intention among Doctors in Malaysian public hospitals: work\u2013family conflict and work engagement as mediators. PSU Res Rev. 2022;6(1):1\u201316.","journal-title":"PSU Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e294","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.1365","volume":"27","author":"GM Alarcon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alarcon GM, Edwards JM. The relationship of engagement, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Stress Health. 2011;27(3):e294\u20138.","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR25","first-page":"615","volume":"62","author":"M Rafiq","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rafiq M, et al. The psychological mechanism linking employee work engagement and turnover intention: A moderated mediation study. Work. 2019;62(4):615\u201328.","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR26","first-page":"1","volume":"48","author":"T Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang T, Li B. Job crafting and turnover intention: the mediating role of work engagement and job satisfaction. Social Behav Personality: Int J. 2020;48(2):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Social Behav Personality: Int J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.21002\/seam.v13i1.10912","volume":"13","author":"NS Jaharuddin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jaharuddin NS, Zainol LN. The impact of work-life balance on job engagement and turnover intention. South East Asian J Manage. 2019;13(1):7.","journal-title":"South East Asian J Manage"},{"issue":"21\u201322","key":"3008_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4686","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517717492","volume":"35","author":"AK Goodboy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goodboy AK, Martin MM, Bolkan S. Workplace bullying and work engagement: a self-determination model. J Interpers Violence. 2020;35(21\u201322):4686\u2013708.","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.2011.00895.x","volume":"52","author":"L Glas\u00f8","year":"2011","unstructured":"Glas\u00f8 L, et al. Bus drivers\u2019 exposure to bullying at work: an occupation-specific approach. Scand J Psychol. 2011;52(5):484\u201393.","journal-title":"Scand J Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1080\/02678370903227357","volume":"23","author":"A Rodr\u00edguez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mu\u00f1oz A, et al. Cross-lagged relationships between workplace bullying, job satisfaction and engagement: two longitudinal studies. Work Stress. 2009;23(3):225\u201343.","journal-title":"Work Stress"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1108\/JMP-12-2012-0399","volume":"28","author":"H Cooper-Thomas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cooper-Thomas H, et al. Neutralizing workplace bullying: the buffering effects of contextual factors. J Managerial Psychol. 2013;28(4):384\u2013407.","journal-title":"J Managerial Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1080\/09585192.2016.1164216","volume":"29","author":"S Einarsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Einarsen S, et al. Climate for conflict management, exposure to workplace bullying and work engagement: a moderated mediation analysis. Int J Hum Resource Manage. 2018;29(3):549\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Resource Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s42380-021-00100-y","volume":"4","author":"KV Hamre","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hamre KV, et al. Preventing and neutralizing the escalation of workplace bullying: the role of conflict management climate. Int J Bullying Prev. 2022;4(4):255\u201365.","journal-title":"Int J Bullying Prev"},{"key":"3008_CR34","unstructured":"Rivlin JN. Conflict management climate related to employment litigation. Georgia Institute of Technology 2001."},{"key":"3008_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"p2017","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02017","volume":"10","author":"L Zahlquist","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zahlquist L, et al. Job demands as risk factors of exposure to bullying at work: the moderating role of team-level conflict management climate. Front Psychol. 2019;10:p2017.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.3.499","volume":"86","author":"E Demerouti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Demerouti E, et al. The job demands-resources model of burnout. J Appl Psychol. 2001;86(3):499.","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.44.3.513","volume":"44","author":"SE Hobfoll","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hobfoll SE. Conservation of resources: a new attempt at conceptualizing stress. Am Psychol. 1989;44(3):513.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"3008_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakker AB, Demerouti E. The job demands-resources model: state of the Art. Journal of managerial psychology 2007.","DOI":"10.1108\/02683940710733115"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037728","volume":"19","author":"MR Tuckey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tuckey MR, Neall AM. Workplace bullying erodes job and personal resources: between-and within-person perspectives. J Occup Health Psychol. 2014;19(4):413.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1177\/0033294117725073","volume":"121","author":"M Coetzee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coetzee M, van Dyk J. Workplace bullying and turnover intention: exploring work engagement as a potential mediator. Psychol Rep. 2018;121(2):375\u201392.","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1002\/job.248","volume":"25","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Bakker AB. Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. J Organizational Behavior: Int J Industrial Occup Organizational Psychol Behav. 2004;25(3):293\u2013315.","journal-title":"J Organizational Behavior: Int J Industrial Occup Organizational Psychol Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12327","DOI":"10.1002\/1348-9585.12327","volume":"64","author":"M Rosander","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosander M, Nielsen MB. Workplace bullying and tiredness at work: A cross-lagged prospective study of causal directions and the moderating effects of a conflict management climate. J Occup Health. 2022;64(1):e12327.","journal-title":"J Occup Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"3008_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2834.2011.01264.x","volume":"19","author":"A Hogh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hogh A, Hoel H, Carneiro IG. Bullying and employee turnover among healthcare workers: a three-wave prospective study. J Nurs Adm Manag. 2011;19(6):742\u201351.","journal-title":"J Nurs Adm Manag"},{"issue":"6","key":"3008_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1108\/ER-07-2019-0293","volume":"42","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2020","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Agarwal S. Workplace bullying and intention to leave: a moderated mediation model of emotional exhaustion and supervisory support. Empl Relations: Int J. 2020;42(6):1547\u201363.","journal-title":"Empl Relations: Int J"},{"key":"3008_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neto M, Ferreira AI, Martinez LF, Ferreira PC. Workplace bullying and presenteeism: the path through emotional exhaustion and psychological wellbeing. Ann Work Exposures Health. 2017;61(5):528\u2013538.","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxx022"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3008_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/02642069.2019.1589456","volume":"40","author":"E Anasori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anasori E, Bayighomog SW, Tanova C. Workplace bullying, psychological distress, resilience, mindfulness, and emotional exhaustion. Serv Ind J. 2020;40(1\u20132):65\u201389.","journal-title":"Serv Ind J"},{"key":"3008_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naseer S, Raja U. Why does workplace bullying affect victims\u2019 job strain? Perceived organization support and emotional dissonance as resource depletion mechanisms. Curr Psychol. 2021;40(9):4311\u201323.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-019-00375-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12376","volume":"22","author":"G Giorgi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Giorgi G, et al. Bullying among nurses and its relationship with burnout and organizational climate. Int J Nurs Pract. 2016;22(2):160\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"3008_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4268-x","volume":"19","author":"SH Al-Ghabeesh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Ghabeesh SH, Qattom H. Workplace bullying and its preventive measures and productivity among emergency department nurses. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2011.08.018","volume":"66","author":"JL Power","year":"2013","unstructured":"Power JL, et al. Acceptability of workplace bullying: A comparative study on six continents. J Bus Res. 2013;66(3):374\u201380.","journal-title":"J Bus Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/HMR.0b013e31822aa456","volume":"37","author":"HKS Laschinger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laschinger HKS, et al. Predictors of new graduate nurses\u2019 workplace well-being: testing the job demands\u2013resources model. Health Care Manage Rev. 2012;37(2):175\u201386.","journal-title":"Health Care Manage Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013822","volume":"14","author":"HK Knudsen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Knudsen HK, Ducharme LJ, Roman PM. Turnover intention and emotional exhaustion at the top: adapting the job demands-resources model to leaders of addiction treatment organizations. J Occup Health Psychol. 2009;14(1):84.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.83.3.486","volume":"83","author":"TA Wright","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wright TA, Cropanzano R. Emotional exhaustion as a predictor of job performance and voluntary turnover. J Appl Psychol. 1998;83(3):486.","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR54","first-page":"216","volume":"25","author":"NA Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan NA, et al. Transformational leadership and civic virtue behavior: valuing act of thriving and emotional exhaustion in the hotel industry. Asia Pac Manage Rev. 2020;25(4):216\u201325.","journal-title":"Asia Pac Manage Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/1748-8583.12035","volume":"24","author":"M Glambek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glambek M, et al. Workplace bullying as an antecedent to job insecurity and intention to leave: a 6-month prospective study. Hum Resource Manage J. 2014;24(3):255\u201368.","journal-title":"Hum Resource Manage J"},{"issue":"9","key":"3008_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1080\/10941665.2013.837398","volume":"19","author":"J-E Cho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cho J-E, Choi HC, Lee WJ. An empirical investigation of the relationship between role stressors, emotional exhaustion and turnover intention in the airline industry. Asia Pac J Tourism Res. 2014;19(9):1023\u201343.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Tourism Res"},{"key":"3008_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810378","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.810378","volume":"12","author":"SHA Shah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah SHA, et al. The impact of job stress and state anger on turnover intention among nurses during COVID-19: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Front Psychol. 2022;12:810378.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR58","first-page":"463","volume":"26","author":"RW Griffeth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Griffeth RW, Hom PW, Gaertner S. A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. J Manag. 2000;26(3):463\u201388.","journal-title":"J Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.22547\/BER\/13.3.5","volume":"13","author":"J Khan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khan J, Ali A, Nisar HG. Workplace bullying and intention to leave: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Bus Economic Rev. 2021;13(3):117\u201340.","journal-title":"Bus Economic Rev"},{"key":"3008_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2021.151483","volume":"68","author":"S-TS Hsiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hsiao S-TS, et al. The role of workplace bullying in the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intentions of clinical nurses. Appl Nurs Res. 2022;68:151483.","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1108\/PR-06-2018-0214","volume":"49","author":"S Ahmad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmad S, Kaleem A. Zooming in on the workplace bullying and turnover intentions pathway: the role of well-being and a cultural boundary condition. Personnel Rev. 2019;49(2):425\u201344.","journal-title":"Personnel Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1108\/ER-07-2016-0149","volume":"39","author":"P Bohle","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bohle P, et al. Work organisation, bullying and intention to leave in the hospitality industry. Empl Relations. 2017;39(4):446\u201358.","journal-title":"Empl Relations"},{"issue":"9","key":"3008_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1108\/PR-05-2020-0326","volume":"51","author":"D De Clercq","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Clercq D, Fatima T, Jahanzeb S. Bullying and turnover intentions: how creative employees overcome perceptions of dysfunctional organizational politics. Personnel Rev. 2022;51(9):2239\u201360.","journal-title":"Personnel Rev"},{"issue":"15","key":"3008_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11905","DOI":"10.3390\/su151511905","volume":"15","author":"\u00c9 Moffat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moffat \u00c9, Rioux L, Scrima F. The relationship between environmental bullying and turnover intention and the mediating effects of secure workplace attachment and environmental satisfaction: implications for organizational sustainability. Sustainability. 2023;15(15):11905.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"3008_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237796082210746","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608221074655","volume":"8","author":"EH Al Muharraq","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Muharraq EH, Baker OG, Alallah SM. The prevalence and the relationship of workplace bullying and nurses turnover intentions: A cross sectional study. SAGE Open Nurs. 2022;8:23779608221074655.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/HMR.0000000000000079","volume":"41","author":"JM Tullar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tullar JM, et al. Improve employee engagement to retain your workforce. Health Care Manage Rev. 2016;41(4):316\u201324.","journal-title":"Health Care Manage Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941211051988","volume":"126","author":"G Mazzetti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mazzetti G, et al. Work engagement: A meta-analysis using the job demands-resources model. Psychol Rep. 2023;126(3):1069\u2013107.","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"3008_CR68","unstructured":"Nicholas A, Mensah O. Stay or leave? Using job embeddedness to explain turn over intention among hotel staff in Ghana. 2016."},{"key":"3008_CR69","unstructured":"Alsadah Z. Exploring the Relationship Between the Quality of Nurses\u2019 Work Life and Nurses\u2019 Work Engagement in Hosiptals in the Eastern Provence of Saudi Arabia. The Pennsylvania State University 2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12679","volume":"28","author":"G Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu G, Zeng X, Wu X. Global prevalence of turnover intention among intensive care nurses: a meta-analysis. Nurs Crit Care. 2023;28(2):159\u201366.","journal-title":"Nurs Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/02678370802393649","volume":"22","author":"AB Bakker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bakker AB, et al. Work engagement: an emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work Stress. 2008;22(3):187\u2013200.","journal-title":"Work Stress"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1108\/JOEPP-08-2014-0042","volume":"2","author":"SL Albrecht","year":"2015","unstructured":"Albrecht SL, et al. Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: an integrated approach. J Organizational Effectiveness: People Perform. 2015;2(1):7\u201335.","journal-title":"J Organizational Effectiveness: People Perform"},{"issue":"22","key":"3008_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.1080\/09585192.2016.1155164","volume":"28","author":"JH Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park JH, Ono M. Effects of workplace bullying on work engagement and health: the mediating role of job insecurity. Int J Hum Resource Manage. 2017;28(22):3202\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Resource Manage"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR74","first-page":"2417","volume":"17","author":"Y Abbas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abbas Y, Khan MN. Spillover impact of workplace bullying on work outcomes: the moderating role of job crafting. Int J Manage Excellence (ISSN: 2292 \u2013 1648). 2023;17(2):2417\u201332.","journal-title":"Int J Manage Excellence (ISSN: 2292\u2013 1648)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR75","first-page":"21","volume":"9","author":"F Ashraf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashraf F, Khan MA. Curtailing job insecurity and counterproductive work behaviours as bullying effects in Pakistani academia: work engagement as a moderator. J Res Social Sci. 2021;9(1):21\u201341.","journal-title":"J Res Social Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"3008_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOA-09-2023-3980","volume":"32","author":"N Ribeiro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ribeiro N, et al. Workplace bullying, burnout and turnover intentions among Portuguese employees. Int J Organizational Anal. 2024;32(10):2339\u201356.","journal-title":"Int J Organizational Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR77","first-page":"1","volume":"29","author":"O Ulndag","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ulndag O, Khan S, Guden N. The effects of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior on turnover intentions. Hospitality Rev. 2011;29(2):1.","journal-title":"Hospitality Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"3008_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1002\/job.595","volume":"30","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Bakker AB, Van Rhenen W. How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. J Organizational Behavior: Int J Industrial Occup Organizational Psychol Behav. 2009;30(7):893\u2013917.","journal-title":"J Organizational Behavior: Int J Industrial Occup Organizational Psychol Behav"},{"key":"3008_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GADI PD, Kee DMH. HRM practices, workplace bullying, and turnover intention: The mediating role of employee engagement. Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences, 2018;2(3):92\u201395.","DOI":"10.31580\/apss.v2i3.294"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1108\/AJB-08-2020-0135","volume":"36","author":"PD Gadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gadi PD, Kee DMH. Workplace bullying, human resource management practices, and turnover intention: the mediating effect of work engagement: evidence of Nigeria. Am J Bus. 2020;36(1):62\u201383.","journal-title":"Am J Bus"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.20004","volume":"43","author":"AB Bakker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bakker A B, Demerouti E, Verbeke W. Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Hum Resource Management: Published Cooperation School Bus Adm Univ Mich Alliance Soc Hum Resour Manage. 2004;43(1):83\u2013104.","journal-title":"Hum Resource Management: Published Cooperation School Bus Adm Univ Mich Alliance Soc Hum Resour Manage"},{"key":"3008_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ekmekcioglu, E.B., Nabawanuka, H., Mohammed Alhassan, Y., Akparep, J.Y. and Ergen\u00e7, C. (2024), \"Exploring the role of climate for conflict management and high involvement work practices as moderators in the workplace bullying and work-related depression link\", International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 35 No. 4, pp. 707-732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IJCMA-06-2023-0114","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCMA-06-2023-0114"},{"issue":"10","key":"3008_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16101792","volume":"16","author":"V Pecino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pecino V, et al. Organisational climate, role stress, and public employees\u2019 job satisfaction. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(10):1792.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3008_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112864","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1112864","volume":"14","author":"JF Hamel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamel JF, et al. The reverse buffering effect of workplace attachment style on the relationship between workplace bullying and work engagement. Front Psychol. 2023;14:1112864.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1108\/JMP-01-2013-0034","volume":"30","author":"JM Leon-Perez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leon-Perez JM, et al. The relationship between interpersonal conflict and workplace bullying. J Managerial Psychol. 2015;30(3):250\u201363.","journal-title":"J Managerial Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20422","volume":"34","author":"SR Simons","year":"2011","unstructured":"Simons SR, Stark RB, DeMarco RF. A new, four-item instrument to measure workplace bullying. Res Nurs Health. 2011;34(2):132\u201340.","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299606000305","volume":"60","author":"J Singh","year":"1996","unstructured":"Singh J, Verbeke W, Rhoads GK. Do organizational practices matter in role stress processes? A study of direct and moderating effects for marketing-oriented boundary spanners. J Mark. 1996;60(3):69\u201386.","journal-title":"J Mark"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164405282471","volume":"66","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Bakker AB, Salanova M. The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educ Psychol Meas. 2006;66(4):701\u201316.","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"issue":"24","key":"3008_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9495","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249495","volume":"17","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Desart S, De Witte H. Burnout assessment tool (BAT)\u2014development, validity, and reliability. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):9495.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1108\/EBR-11-2018-0203","volume":"31","author":"JF Hair","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hair JF, et al. When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. Eur Bus Rev. 2019;31(1):2\u201324.","journal-title":"Eur Bus Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","volume":"88","author":"PM Podsakoff","year":"2003","unstructured":"Podsakoff PM, et al. Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J Appl Psychol. 2003;88(5):879.","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"key":"3008_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205031212311825","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121231182514","volume":"11","author":"AO Asante","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asante AO, Korsah KA, Amoako C. Does the gender of nurses matter to patients? A qualitative analysis of gender preferences of patients. SAGE Open Med. 2023;11:20503121231182514.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMDA.2017.087624","volume":"1","author":"JF Hair Jr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hair JF Jr, et al. PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. Int J Multivar Data Anal. 2017;1(2):107\u201323.","journal-title":"Int J Multivar Data Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","volume":"18","author":"C Fornell","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fornell C, Larcker DF. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. J Mark Res. 1981;18(1):39\u201350.","journal-title":"J Mark Res"},{"key":"3008_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.11.069","volume":"109","author":"JF Hair Jr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hair JF Jr, Howard MC, Nitzl C. Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis. J Bus Res. 2020;109:101\u201310.","journal-title":"J Bus Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3008_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/ijec.2015100101","volume":"11","author":"N Kock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kock N. Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. Int J e-Collaboration (ijec). 2015;11(4):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Int J e-Collaboration (ijec)"},{"key":"3008_CR97","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillside, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates 1988."},{"key":"3008_CR98","first-page":"100715","volume":"20","author":"J Mensah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mensah J, Mpaun C. Consequences of workplace bullying among nurses in ghana: does resilience matter? Int J Afr Nurs Sci. 2024;20:100715.","journal-title":"Int J Afr Nurs Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/1464-0597.00062","volume":"50","author":"SE Hobfoll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hobfoll SE. The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: advancing conservation of resources theory. Appl Psychol. 2001;50(3):337\u2013421.","journal-title":"Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iedeen.2020.100140","volume":"27","author":"M\u00c1 L\u00f3pez-Cabarcos","year":"2021","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Cabarcos M\u00c1, L\u00f3pez-Carballeira A, Ferro-Soto C. How to moderate emotional exhaustion among public healthcare professionals? Eur Res Manage Bus Econ. 2021;27(2):100140.","journal-title":"Eur Res Manage Bus Econ"},{"issue":"9","key":"3008_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1108\/MRR-12-2018-0494","volume":"42","author":"I Kyei-Poku","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kyei-Poku I. The influence of fair supervision on employees\u2019 emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions. Manage Res Rev. 2019;42(9):1116\u201332.","journal-title":"Manage Res Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/02560909221108007","volume":"47","author":"R Sharma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma R, Prasad A. Exploring relationship between workplace bullying and healthcare organization\u2019s Well-being: mechanism of psychological contract violation and forgiveness. Vikalpa. 2022;47(2):79\u201390.","journal-title":"Vikalpa"},{"key":"3008_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoel H, Cooper CL, Einarsen SV. Organizational effects of workplace bullying. Bullying and harassment in the workplace. CRC 2020;209\u201334.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429462528-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000056","volume":"22","author":"AB Bakker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakker AB, Demerouti E. Job demands\u2013resources theory: taking stock and looking forward. J Occup Health Psychol. 2017;22(3):273.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3008_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0185781","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185781","volume":"12","author":"DAJ Salvagioni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salvagioni DAJ, et al. Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(10):e0185781.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"01","DOI":"10.4102\/sajip.v37i2.974","volume":"37","author":"E Demerouti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Demerouti E, Bakker AB. The job demands-resources model: challenges for future research. SA J Industrial Psychol. 2011;37(2):01\u20139.","journal-title":"SA J Industrial Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3008_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCMA-09-2023-0190","volume":"35","author":"A Krishna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krishna A, Soumyaja D, Joseph J. Workplace bullying and employee silence: the role of affect-based trust and climate for conflict management. Int J Confl Manage. 2024;35(5):1034\u201359.","journal-title":"Int J Confl Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"3008_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/15022250.2022.2047778","volume":"22","author":"BH Namin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Namin BH, Marnburg E, Bakkevig \u00c5H, Dagsland. The effect of a caring climate on frontline employees\u2019 turnover intention in the service industry: a serial multiple mediation model. Scandinavian J Hospitality Tourism. 2022;22(3):235\u201354.","journal-title":"Scandinavian J Hospitality Tourism"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhc.2018.120387","volume":"9","author":"SS Adam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adam SS, Khalaf DA, Zaid KA. Relation between workplace bullying and work engagement among staff nurses. Egypt J Health Care. 2018;9(2):313\u201330.","journal-title":"Egypt J Health Care"},{"key":"3008_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galanis P et al. Association between workplace bullying, job stress, and professional quality of life in nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. in Healthcare. 2024. MDPI.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12060623"},{"issue":"2","key":"3008_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-04202-8","volume":"43","author":"M Glambek","year":"2024","unstructured":"Glambek M, et al. Last in, first out? Length of service as a moderator of the relationship between exposure to bullying behaviors and work-related outcomes. Curr Psychol. 2024;43(2):1296\u2013308.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"3008_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arathi K, Soumyaja D, Rahul R, Thampi. Workplace bullying and EVLN outcomes: a study on the role of climate for conflict management, in INDAM: Indian academy of management at SBM-NMIMS Mumbai. Springer 2023;263\u201374.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-0197-5_16"},{"issue":"1","key":"3008_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-orgpsych-110721-040030","volume":"11","author":"PM Podsakoff","year":"2024","unstructured":"Podsakoff PM, et al. Common method bias: it\u2019s bad, it\u2019s complex, it\u2019s widespread, and it\u2019s not easy to fix. Annual Rev Organizational Psychol Organizational Behav. 2024;11(1):17\u201361.","journal-title":"Annual Rev Organizational Psychol Organizational Behav"},{"key":"3008_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01426-3","volume":"21","author":"JJ Rijnhart","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rijnhart JJ, et al. Mediation analysis methods used in observational research: a scoping review and recommendations. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2021;21:1\u201317.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T13:04:39Z","timestamp":1751375079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":114,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03008-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research obtained ethical approval from the Institutional Review Boards and Jiansgu University Medical Ethics at Jiangsu University in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China. Participation was voluntary, and the initial page provided relevant information about the research and its objectives before commencing the completion of the survey. All participants provided informed consent, and details regarding the study were presented at the beginning of the online questionnaire. Participants expressed their agreement by selecting a designated checkbox, thereby obtaining entry to the survey. Adherence to the principles of anonymity was ensured per the regulations stipulated in Organic Law 3\/2018 of December 4th concerning Personal Data Protection and Guarantee of Digital Rights. The study adhered to the ethical standards enshrined in the Helsinki Declaration throughout the process.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"671"}}