{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T21:34:40Z","timestamp":1757626480650,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T08:20:35Z","timestamp":1755159635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elucidating the role of mind\u2013body connection profiles in emotional reactivity and regulation amongst typically developed adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kristen","family":"Van Bael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Scarfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emra","family":"Suleyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3403","volume":"14","author":"A Damasio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Damasio A, Carvalho GB. The nature of feelings: evolutionary and neurobiological origins. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14(2):143\u201352.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073910380974","volume":"3","author":"JJ Gross","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gross JJ, Feldman BL. Emotion generation and emotion regulation: One or two depends on your point of view. Emot Rev. 2011;3(1):8\u201316.","journal-title":"Emot Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3083_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/026999398379628","volume":"12","author":"RJ Davidson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Davidson RJ. Affective Style and Affective Disorders: Perspectives from Affective Neuroscience. Cogn Emot. 1998;12(3):307\u201330.","journal-title":"Cogn Emot"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073915590844","volume":"7","author":"RJ Davidson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Davidson RJ. Comment: Affective chronometry has come of age. Emot Rev. 2015;7(4):368\u201370.","journal-title":"Emot Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"3083_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2018.1465430","volume":"101","author":"D Preece","year":"2019","unstructured":"Preece D, Becerra R, Campitelli G. Assessing Emotional Reactivity: Psychometric Properties of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale and the Development of a Short Form. J Pers Assess. 2019;101(6):589\u201397.","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"issue":"3","key":"3083_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2019.1671322","volume":"35","author":"G Panayiotou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Panayiotou G, Panteli M, Vlemincx E. Adaptive and maladaptive emotion processing and regulation, and the case of alexithymia. Cogn Emot. 2021;35(3):488\u201399.","journal-title":"Cogn Emot"},{"key":"3083_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panayiotou G, Panteli M, Vlemincx E. Processing emotions in alexithymia: a systematic review of physiological markers. alexithymia: advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2018. pp. 291\u2013320.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108241595.018"},{"key":"3083_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fredrickson BL. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. 2001:218\u201326.","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066X.56.3.218"},{"key":"3083_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fredrickson BL. Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention and Treatment. 2000;3.","DOI":"10.1037\/\/1522-3736.3.0001a"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000546","volume":"80","author":"HM Schenk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schenk HM, Jeronimus BF, Van Der Krieke L, Bos EH, De Jonge P, Rosmalen JGM. Associations of Positive Affect and Negative Affect with Allostatic Load: A Lifelines Cohort Study. Psychosom Med. 2018;80(2):160\u20136.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00091-4","volume":"48","author":"LD Kubzansky","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kubzansky LD, Kawachi I. Going to the heart of the matter: do negative emotions cause coronary heart disease? J Psychosom Res. 2000;48(4):323\u201337.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"3083_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.04.020","volume":"17","author":"HD Critchley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Critchley HD, Garfinkel SN. Interoception and emotion. Curr Opin Psychol. 2017;17:7\u201314.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-016-0059-3","volume":"10","author":"K Kanbara","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kanbara K, Fukunaga M. Links among emotional awareness, somatic awareness and autonomic homeostatic processing. Biopsychosoc Med. 2016;10(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsw156","volume":"12","author":"LF Barrett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barrett LF. The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2017;12(1):1\u201323.","journal-title":"Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3083_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000261","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.202000261","volume":"43","author":"GB Carvalho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carvalho GB, Damasio A. Interoception and the origin of feelings: A new synthesis. BioEssays. 2021;43(6):2000261.","journal-title":"BioEssays"},{"key":"3083_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feldman MJ, Bliss-Moreau E, Lindquist KA. The neurobiology of interoception and affect. Trends Cogn Sci. 2024.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.01.009"},{"issue":"6","key":"3083_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(03)00123-1","volume":"26","author":"AD Craig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig AD. A new view of pain as a homeostatic emotion. Trends Neurosci. 2003;26(6):303\u20137.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"1708","key":"3083_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160011","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0011","volume":"371","author":"LF Barrett","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barrett LF, Quigley KS, Hamilton P. An active inference theory of allostasis and interoception in depression. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci. 2016;371(1708):20160011.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"3083_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac204","volume":"145","author":"J Jungilligens","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jungilligens J, Paredes-Echeverri S, Popkirov S, Barrett LF, Perez DL. A new science of emotion: implications for functional neurological disorder. Brain. 2022;145(8):2648\u201363.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001038","volume":"84","author":"K Bogaerts","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bogaerts K, Walentynowicz M, Van Den Houte M, Constantinou E, Van den Bergh O. The Interoceptive Sensitivity and Attention Questionnaire: Evaluating aspects of self-reported interoception in patients with persistent somatic symptoms, stress-related syndromes, and healthy controls. Psychosom Med. 2022;84(2):251\u201360.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000588","volume":"80","author":"P Henningsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Henningsen P, G\u00fcndel H, Kop WJ, L\u00f6we B, Martin A, Rief W, et al. Persistent physical symptoms as perceptual dysregulation: a neuropsychobehavioral model and its clinical implications. Psychosom Med. 2018;80(5):422\u201331.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005614","volume":"4","author":"WE Mehling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mehling WE, Gopisetty V, Daubenmier J, Price CJ, Hecht FM, Stewart A. Body Awareness: Construct and Self-Report Measures. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(5):1\u201318.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1708","key":"3083_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160013","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0013","volume":"371","author":"W Mehling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mehling W. Differentiating attention styles and regulatory aspects of self-reported interoceptive sensibility. Philos TransR Soc B Biol Sci. 2016;371(1708):20160013.","journal-title":"Philos TransR Soc B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.09.003","volume":"27","author":"DK Marcus","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marcus DK, Gurley JR, Marchi MM, Bauer C. Cognitive and perceptual variables in hypochondriasis and health anxiety: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007;27(2):127\u201339.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2458","volume":"14","author":"DA Trevisan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trevisan DA, Mehling WE, McPartland JC. Adaptive and Maladaptive Bodily Awareness: Distinguishing Interoceptive Sensibility and Interoceptive Attention from Anxiety-Induced Somatization in Autism and Alexithymia. Autism Res. 2021;14(2):240\u20137.","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"3083_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0261126","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261126","volume":"16","author":"G Gaggero","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gaggero G, Bizzego A, Dellantonio S, Pastore L, Lim M, Esposito G. Clarifying the relationship between alexithymia and subjective interoception. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(12):e0261126.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"3083_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0273299","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273299","volume":"17","author":"L Vig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vig L, K\u00f6teles F, Ferentzi E. Questionnaires of interoception do not assess the same construct. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(8):e0273299.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3083_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"H Yun-Hsin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yun-Hsin H, Yu-Ting H, Nai-Shing Y. Interoceptive sensibility differentiates the predictive pattern of emotional reactivity on depression. Front Psychol. 2023;14:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2005.09.001","volume":"60","author":"KR Aronson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aronson KR, Barrett LF, Quigley K. Emotional reactivity and the overreport of somatic symptoms: Somatic sensitivity or negative reporting style? J Psychosom Res. 2006;60(5):521\u201330.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"3083_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.07.011","volume":"101","author":"F K\u00f6teles","year":"2017","unstructured":"K\u00f6teles F, Witth\u00f6ft M. Somatosensory amplification \u2013 An old construct from a new perspective. J Psychosom Res. 2017;101:1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0001270","volume":"24","author":"JK MacCormack","year":"2024","unstructured":"MacCormack JK, Bonar AS, Lindquist KA. Interoceptive beliefs moderate the link between physiological and emotional arousal during an acute stressor. Emotion. 2024;24(1):269\u201390.","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"3083_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pollatos O, Herbert BM. Alexithymia and body awareness. alexithymia: advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2018. pp. 321\u201333.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108241595.019"},{"issue":"10","key":"3083_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150664","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.150664","volume":"3","author":"R Brewer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brewer R, Cook R, Bird G. Alexithymia: a general deficit of interoception. R Soc Open Sci. 2016;3(10):150664.","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-023-01302-3","volume":"11","author":"K Van Bael","year":"2023","unstructured":"Van Bael K, Ball M, Scarfo J, Suleyman E. Assessment of the mind-body connection: preliminary psychometric evidence for a new self-report questionnaire. BMC Psychology. 2023;11(1):309.","journal-title":"BMC Psychology"},{"issue":"12","key":"3083_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0208034","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208034","volume":"13","author":"WE Mehling","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mehling WE, Acree M, Stewart A, Silas J, Jones A. The multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness, version 2 (MAIA-2). PLoS ONE. 2018;13(12): e0208034.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3083_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preece DA, Hasking P, Boyes M, Clarke P, Notebaert L, Kiekens G, et al. Emotion generation and emotion regulation: the role of emotion beliefs. J Affect Disord Rep. 2022;9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2022.100351"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/1047840X.2014.940781","volume":"26","author":"JJ Gross","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gross JJ. Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects. Psychol Inq. 2015;26(1):1\u201326.","journal-title":"Psychol Inq"},{"key":"3083_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-019-09741-2","volume":"41","author":"ED Klonsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klonsky ED, Victor SE, Hibbert AS, Hajcak G. The multidimensional emotion questionnaire (MEQ): Rationale and initial psychometric properties. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2019;41:409\u201324.","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess"},{"key":"3083_CR39","unstructured":"Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. 6 ed: Pearson; 2013."},{"key":"3083_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrne BM. Structural equation modeling with AMOS : basic concepts, applications, and programming \/ Barbara M. Byrne. Third edition. Ed: Routledge\/Taylor & Francis Group; 2016.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315757421"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191117694455","volume":"26","author":"R Becerra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Becerra R, Preece D, Campitelli G, Scott-Pillow G. The Assessment of Emotional Reactivity Across Negative and Positive Emotions: Development and Validation of the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale (PERS). Assessment. 2019;26(5):867\u201379.","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"3083_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pituch KA. Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences : analyses with SAS and IBM's SPSS \/ Keenan A. Pituch and James P. Stevens. Sixth edition. ed: Routledge; 2016.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315814919"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01593882","volume":"4","author":"CA McHorney","year":"1995","unstructured":"McHorney CA, Tarlov AR. Individual-patient monitoring in clinical practice: are available health status surveys adequate? Qual Life Res. 1995;4(4):293\u2013307.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"3083_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103445","volume":"120","author":"D Spurk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spurk D, Hirschi A, Wang M, Valero D, Kauffeld S. Latent profile analysis: A review and \u201chow to\u201d guide of its application within vocational behavior research. J Vocat Behav. 2020;120:103445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103445.","journal-title":"J Vocat Behav"},{"key":"3083_CR45","unstructured":"Field AP. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics \/ Andy Field. 5th edition. ed: SAGE Publications; 2018."},{"key":"3083_CR46","unstructured":"Myers RH. Classical and modern regression with applications. 2nd ed. Belmont: Duxbury Press; 1990."},{"key":"3083_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.08.003","volume":"119","author":"D Preece","year":"2017","unstructured":"Preece D, Becerra R, Allan A, Robinson K, Dandy J. Establishing the theoretical components of alexithymia via factor analysis: Introduction and validation of the attention-appraisal model of alexithymia. Personality Individ Differ. 2017;119:341\u201352.","journal-title":"Personality Individ Differ"},{"key":"3083_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2023.112375","volume":"215","author":"DA Preece","year":"2023","unstructured":"Preece DA, Gross JJ. Conceptualizing alexithymia. Personality Individ Differ. 2023;215: 112375.","journal-title":"Personality Individ Differ"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798420930932","volume":"46","author":"BE Weller","year":"2020","unstructured":"Weller BE, Bowen NK, Faubert SJ. Latent class analysis: A guide to best practice. J Black Psychol. 2020;46(4):287\u2013311.","journal-title":"J Black Psychol"},{"key":"3083_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u02bcAlonzo KT. The Johnson-Neyman procedure as an alternative to ANCOVA. Western Journal of Nursing Research2004. pp. 804\u201312.","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945904266733"},{"key":"3083_CR51","unstructured":"Montoya AK. Extending the Johnson-Neyman procedure to categorical independent variables: mathematical derivations and computational tools [Master's thesis]: The Ohio State University; 2016."},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2020.1813147","volume":"103","author":"E Ferentzi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferentzi E, Olaru G, Geiger M, Vig L, K\u00f6teles F, Wilhelm O. Examining the factor structure and validity of the multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness. J Pers Assess. 2021;103(5):675\u201384.","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.50.1.59","volume":"50","author":"AK Mattila","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mattila AK, Saarni SI, Salminen JK, Huhtala H, Sintonen H, Joukamaa M. Alexithymia and Health-Related Quality of Life in a General Population. Psychosomatics. 2009;50(1):59\u201368.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-9335\/a000344","volume":"49","author":"P Burgmer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Burgmer P, Forstmann M. Mind-Body Dualism and Health Revisited: How Belief in Dualism Shapes Health Behavior. Soc Psychol. 2018;49(4):219\u201330.","journal-title":"Soc Psychol"},{"key":"3083_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2016.03.021","volume":"81","author":"P Shah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shah P, Hall R, Catmur C, Bird G. Alexithymia, not autism, is associated with impaired interoception. Cortex. 2016;81:215\u201320.","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"3083_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749414","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.714641","volume":"12","author":"V Joshi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Joshi V, Graziani P, Del-Monte J. The role of interoceptive attention and appraisal in interoceptive regulation. Front Psychol. 2021;12:749414.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"3083_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.12.024","volume":"125","author":"G Zamariola","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zamariola G, Vlemincx E, Corneille O, Luminet O. Relationship between interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and alexithymia. Personality Individ Differ. 2018;125:14\u201320.","journal-title":"Personality Individ Differ"},{"key":"3083_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581632","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00132","volume":"11","author":"RV Aaron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aaron RV, Park S, Blain SD, Snodgress MA. Quadratic relationship between alexithymia and interoceptive accuracy, and results from a pilot mindfulness intervention. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:581632.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"3083_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2014.09.006","volume":"56","author":"G Panayiotou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Panayiotou G, Leonidou C, Constantinou E, Hart J, Rinehart KL, Sy JT, et al. Do alexithymic individuals avoid their feelings? Experiential avoidance mediates the association between alexithymia, psychosomatic, and depressive symptoms in a community and a clinical sample. Compr Psychiatry. 2015;56:206\u201316.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"3083_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desdentado L, Miragall M, Llorens R, Ba\u00f1os RM. Disentangling the role of interoceptive sensibility in alexithymia, emotion dysregulation, and depression in healthy individuals. Current Psychology. 2022:1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-03153-4"},{"issue":"8","key":"3083_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2019.1591345","volume":"33","author":"G Zamariola","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zamariola G, Luminet O, Mierop A, Corneille O. Does it help to feel your body? Evidence is inconclusive that interoceptive accuracy and sensibility help cope with negative experiences. Cogn Emot. 2019;33(8):1627\u201338.","journal-title":"Cogn Emot"},{"issue":"6","key":"3083_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2024.2316236","volume":"106","author":"MR T\u00fcnte","year":"2024","unstructured":"T\u00fcnte MR, Petzke TM, Brand S, Murphy J, Witth\u00f6ft M, Hoehl S, et al. He who seeks finds (bodily signals): German validation of the Interoceptive Attention Scale (IATS) and its relationship with subclinical psychopathology. J Pers Assess. 2024;106(6):787\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2024.2316236.","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"3083_CR63","unstructured":"Taylor GJ, Bagby RM, Parker JDA. Disorders of affect regulation: alexithymia in medical and psychiatric illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1999."},{"issue":"3","key":"3083_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-021-01538-x","volume":"86","author":"C Scarpazza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scarpazza C, Zangrossi A, Huang Y-C, Sartori G, Massaro S. Disentangling interoceptive abilities in alexithymia. Psychol Res. 2022;86(3):844\u201357.","journal-title":"Psychol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2013.01.011","volume":"47","author":"C Wotschack","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wotschack C, Klann-Delius G. Alexithymia and the conceptualization of emotions: A study of language use and semantic knowledge. J Res Pers. 2013;47(5):514\u201323.","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2005.02.016","volume":"59","author":"MT Tull","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tull MT, Medaglia E, Roemer L. An investigation of the construct validity of the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale through the use of a verbalization task. J Psychosom Res. 2005;59(2):77\u201384.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"3083_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104864","volume":"141","author":"KS Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee KS, Murphy J, Catmur C, Bird G, Hobson H. Furthering the language hypothesis of alexithymia: An integrated review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022;141:104864.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"3083_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porcelli P, Taylor GJ. Alexithymia and physical illness: A psychosomatic approach. alexithymia: advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2018. pp. 105\u201326.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108241595.009"},{"key":"3083_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferentzi E, Horv\u00e1th \u00c1, K\u00f6teles F. Do body\u2010related sensations make feel us better? subjective well\u2010being is associated only with the subjective aspect of interoception. Psychophysiology. 2019;56(4):N.PAG-N.PAG.","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13319"},{"key":"3083_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-021-02555-0","volume":"42","author":"M Lyvers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lyvers M, Ryan N, Thorberg FA. Alexithymia, negative moods, and fears of positive emotions. Curr Psychol. 2023;42:13507\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-021-02555-0.","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(98)00232-3","volume":"27","author":"S Jacob","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jacob S, Hautekeete M. Alexithymia is associated with a low self-estimated affective intensity. Pers Individ Differ. 1999;27(1):125\u201333.","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"issue":"2","key":"3083_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176","volume":"7","author":"HD Critchley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Critchley HD, Wiens S, Rotshtein P, \u00d6hman A, Dolan RJ. Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nat Neurosci. 2004;7(2):189\u201395.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3083_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.2.3.300","volume":"2","author":"BL Fredrickson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fredrickson BL. What Good Are Positive Emotions? Rev Gen Psychol. 1998;2(3):300\u201319.","journal-title":"Rev Gen Psychol"},{"issue":"1449","key":"3083_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2004.1512","volume":"359","author":"BL Fredrickson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fredrickson BL. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci. 2004;359(1449):1367\u201377.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"3083_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vlemincx E, Walentynowicz M, Zamariola G, Van Oudenhove L, Luminet O. A novel self-report scale of interoception: the three-domain interoceptive sensations questionnaire (THISQ). Psychol Health. 2021:1\u201320.","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2021.2009479"},{"issue":"3","key":"3083_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577201393198","volume":"39","author":"JJ Gross","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gross JJ. Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology. 2002;39(3):281\u201391.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"3083_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.065","volume":"324","author":"DA Preece","year":"2023","unstructured":"Preece DA, Mehta A, Petrova K, Sikka P, Bjureberg J, Becerra R, et al. Alexithymia and emotion regulation. J Affect Disord. 2023;324:232\u20138.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.02.001","volume":"23","author":"LR Eisner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eisner LR, Johnson SL, Carver CS. Positive affect regulation in anxiety disorders. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(5):645\u20139.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"3083_CR79","first-page":"100437","volume":"16","author":"R Becerra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Becerra R, Naragon-Gainey K, Gross JJ, Ohan J, Preece DA. Beliefs about emotions: Latent structure and links with emotion regulation and psychopathology. J Affect Disord Rep. 2024;16:100437.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0231362","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231395","volume":"15","author":"R Becerra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Becerra R, Preece DA, Gross JJ. Assessing beliefs about emotions: development and validation of the emotion beliefs questionnaire. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231362.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941221146917","volume":"127","author":"SH Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee SH, Lee KT. Attentional processing of unpleasant stimuli in alexithymia. Psychol Rep. 2024;127(5):2164\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00332941221146917.","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23311908.2022.2054531","volume":"9","author":"C Leonidou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leonidou C, Constantinou E, Panteli M, Panayiotou G. Attentional processing of unpleasant stimuli in alexithymia: Early avoidance followed by attention maintenance bias. Cogent Psychology. 2022;9(1):1\u201316.","journal-title":"Cogent Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2022.100336","volume":"23","author":"Y Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan Y, Wang X, Blain SD, Jia L, Qiu J. Interoceptive attention facilitates emotion regulation strategy use. Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2023;23(1):100336.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Health Psychol"},{"key":"3083_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102673","volume":"73","author":"PM Jenkinson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jenkinson PM, Fotopoulou A, Iba\u00f1ez A, Rossell S. Interoception in anxiety, depression, and psychosis: a review. E Clinical Medicine. 2024;73:102673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102673.","journal-title":"E Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"3083_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/1047840X.2015.1064294","volume":"26","author":"EL Garland","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garland EL, Farb NA, R. Goldin P, Fredrickson BL. Mindfulness Broadens Awareness and Builds Eudaimonic Meaning: A Process Model of Mindful Positive Emotion Regulation. Psychol Inq. 2015;26(4):293\u2013314.","journal-title":"Psychol Inq"},{"key":"3083_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00329","volume":"10","author":"I Shalev","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shalev I. Motivated cue integration in alexithymia: improving interoception and emotion information processing by awareness-of-sensation techniques. Front Psych. 2019;10:329.","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.09.010","volume":"44","author":"HY Weng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weng HY, Feldman JL, Leggio L, Napadow V, Park J, Price CJ. Interventions and manipulations of interoception. Trends Neurosci. 2021;44(1):52\u201362.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"3083_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103941","volume":"145","author":"A Aizik-Reebs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aizik-Reebs A, Shoham A, Bernstein A. First, do no harm: an intensive experience sampling study of adverse effects to mindfulness training. Behav Res Ther. 2021;145:103941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103941.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"3083_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00311","volume":"11","author":"F Pinna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinna F, Manchia M, Paribello P, Carpiniello B. The impact of alexithymia on treatment response in psychiatric disorders: a systematic review. Front Psych. 2020;11:311.","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"issue":"6","key":"3083_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31816ffc39","volume":"70","author":"AK Mattila","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mattila AK, Koivisto AM, Joukamaa M, Kronholm E, Jula A, Salminen JK, et al. Alexithymia and somatization in general population. Psychosom Med. 2008;70(6):716\u201322.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"3083_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703658","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.703658","volume":"12","author":"CD Wilson-Mendenhall","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilson-Mendenhall CD, Dunne JD. Cultivating emotional granularity. Front Psychol. 2021;12:703658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.703658.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3083_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-013-9537-0","volume":"37","author":"C D'Avanzato","year":"2013","unstructured":"D\u2019Avanzato C, Joormann J, Siemer M, Gotlib IH. Emotion regulation in depression and anxiety: Examining diagnostic specificity and stability of strategy use. Cogn Ther Res. 2013;37(5):968\u201380.","journal-title":"Cogn Ther Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3083_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000675","volume":"20","author":"RL Silton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silton RL, Kahrilas IJ, Skymba HV, Smith J, Bryant FB, Heller W. Regulating positive emotions: Implications for promoting well-being in individuals with depression. Emotion. 2020;20(1):93\u20137.","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"3083_CR94","unstructured":"Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling \/ Rex B. Kline. Fourth edition. ed: Guilford Press; 2016."},{"key":"3083_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Honkalampi K, De Berardis D, Vellante F, Viinam\u00e4ki H. Relations between alexithymia and depressive and anxiety disorders and personality. alexithymia: advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2018. pp. 142\u201357.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108241595.011"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T22:23:15Z","timestamp":1757456595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03083-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.\u00a0","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the Victoria University Human Research Ethics Committee (Application ID: HRE21-001). Participants indicated their consent to participate in the study by selecting this option via the survey hosted on Qualtrics. All participants provided informed consent prior to commencing the questionnaires.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"916"}}