{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T05:35:44Z","timestamp":1783402544550,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010882","name":"Tianjin Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022SKY282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SKY282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010882","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJZD-K202402003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJZD-K202402003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T12:49:17Z","timestamp":1759754957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effects of age and delay task duration on attentional boost effect: evidence from behavior and fNIRS"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiajie","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3425_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000065","volume":"31","author":"AS Benjamin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Benjamin AS. Aging and associative recognition: a view from the DRYAD model of age-related memory deficits. Psychol Aging. 2016;31(1):14\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pag0000065.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"3425_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/928436","volume":"23","author":"S Blanchet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blanchet S, Gagnon G, Schneider C. The contribution of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in full and divided encoding: a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Behav Neurol. 2010;23(3):107\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2010\/928436.","journal-title":"Behav Neurol"},{"key":"3425_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02328","author":"AW Broitman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Broitman AW, Swallow KM. Target detection modulates electroencephalographic spectral correlates of memory encoding. J Cogn Neurosci. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/jocn_a_02328.","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"3425_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carp J, Gmeindl L, Reuter-Lorenz PA. Age differences in the neural representation of working memory revealed by multi-voxel pattern analysis. Front Hum Neurosci.\u00a02010;4(10):Article 217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00217.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00217"},{"key":"3425_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa220","author":"D Cazzoli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cazzoli D, Kaufmann BC, Paladini RE, M\u00fcri RM, Nef T, Nyffeler T. Anterior insula and inferior frontal gyrus: where ventral and dorsal visual attention systems meet. Brain Commun. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa220.","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"3425_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Hu SY. The regulatory role of dopamine system genes on the attention network. Psychol Sci.\u00a02018;41(01):24\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20180104.","DOI":"10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20180104"},{"issue":"05","key":"3425_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2023.00685","volume":"55","author":"AQ Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen AQ, Chen FK, Chen T, Cai WQ, Wang XJ, Yang JF. fNIRS evidence for left middle frontal gyrus involvement in visual-spatial analysis of Chinese characters. Acta Psychol Sin. 2023;55(05):685\u201396.","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin"},{"key":"3425_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Craik F. Aging and cognitive deficits: the role of attentional resources. In:\u00a0Aging and cognitive process\/Plenum. 1982.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-4178-9"},{"issue":"5","key":"3425_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm155","volume":"18","author":"SW Davis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Davis SW, Dennis NA, Daselaar SM, Fleck MS, Cabeza R. Que PASA? The posterior-anterior shift in aging. Cereb Cortex. 2008;18(5):1201\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhm155.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"03","key":"3425_CR10","first-page":"197","volume":"36","author":"H Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding H, Wang K, Zhao XY, Yan J. Factors associated with cognitive function in older adults. Chin Ment Health J. 2022;36(03):197\u2013203.","journal-title":"Chin Ment Health J"},{"issue":"2","key":"3425_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/17588921003660736","volume":"1","author":"M Feurra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feurra M, Fuggetta G, Rossi S, Walsh V. The role of the left inferior frontal gyrus in episodic encoding of faces: an interference study by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Cogn Neurosci. 2010;1(2):118\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17588921003660736.","journal-title":"Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3425_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11030185","volume":"11","author":"GB Gabrielli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gabrielli GB, Rossi-Arnaud C, Spataro P, Doricchi F, Costanzi M, Santirocchi A, et al. The attentional boost effect in young and adult euthymic bipolar patients and healthy controls. J Pers Med. 2021;11(3):185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm11030185.","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3425_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000233","volume":"33","author":"GB Gabrielli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gabrielli GB, Spataro P, Pezzuti L, Rossi-Arnaud C. When divided attention fails to enhance memory encoding: the attentional boost effect is eliminated in young-old adults. Psychol Aging. 2018;33(2):259\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pag0000233.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"3425_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000701","volume":"37","author":"NR Greene","year":"2022","unstructured":"Greene NR, Naveh-Benjamin M. Adult age differences in specific and gist associative episodic memory across short-and long-term retention intervals. Psychol Aging. 2022;37(6):681.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"10","key":"3425_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3378","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20759","volume":"30","author":"S Grimault","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grimault S, Robitaille N, Grova C, Lina JM, Dubarry AS, Jolic\u0153ur P. Oscillatory activity in parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during retention in visual short-term memory: additive effects of spatial attention and memory load. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009;30(10):3378\u201392.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"8","key":"3425_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2011.568656","volume":"121","author":"TD H\u00e4lbig","year":"2011","unstructured":"H\u00e4lbig TD, Creighton J, Assuras S, Borod JC, Tse W, Gracies JM, et al. Preserved emotional modulation of motor response time despite psychomotor slowing in young-old adults. Int J Neurosci. 2011;121(8):430\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00207454.2011.568656.","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"3425_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang SJ, Meng YF. The effect of encoding consciousness on the attentional boost effect: a study based on the R\/K paradigm. Psychol Sci.\u00a02021;44(06):1305\u20131312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20210604.","DOI":"10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20210604"},{"issue":"8","key":"3425_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000851","volume":"39","author":"J Hwang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hwang J, Whitman K, Umanath S. Associative memory in older adults: making sense of associative memory deficits and hyperbinding effects. Psychol Aging. 2024;39(8):871.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"3425_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2010.01016.x","volume":"14","author":"DD Jolles","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jolles DD, Kleibeuker SW, Rombouts SARB, Crone EA. Developmental differences in prefrontal activation during working memory maintenance and manipulation for different memory loads. Dev Sci. 2011;14(4):713\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2010.01016.x.","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"3425_CR20","unstructured":"Kahneman D. Attention and effort. In: prentice-Hall. 1973."},{"issue":"2","key":"3425_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.06.014","volume":"23","author":"H Kondo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kondo H, Osaka N, Osaka M. Cooperation of the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for attention shifting. Neuroimage. 2004;23(2):670\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3425_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurisse IN, Piolino P, Nouvel L, Orriols E, Bellegarde A, Chikhi S, Largant B, Lepers R, Blanchet S. Impact of the physical activity level of master athletes on divided attention and binding processes in episodic memory: a virtual reality study. In:\u00a0Experimental aging research. 2025. p. 1\u201327.","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2025.2485620"},{"key":"3425_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meng YF, Zheng SQ, Wang DP, Nie AQ. The modulation of negative emotion on the attentional boost effect. Psychol Sci.\u00a02018;41(02):298\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20180207.","DOI":"10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20180207"},{"key":"3425_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moyal R, Turker HB, Luh WM, Swallow KM. Auditory target detection enhances visual processing and hippocampal functional connectivity. Front Psychol. 2022;13(18):Article 891682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.891682.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.891682"},{"issue":"4","key":"3425_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036163","volume":"40","author":"NW Mulligan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mulligan NW, Spataro P, Picklesimer M. The attentional boost effect with verbal materials. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2014;40(4):1049\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0036163.","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"issue":"5","key":"3425_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.26.5.1170","volume":"26","author":"M Naveh-Benjamin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Naveh-Benjamin M. Adult age differences in memory performance: tests of an associative deficit hypothesis. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2000;26(5):1170.","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"key":"3425_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.062","volume":"85","author":"SK Piper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Piper SK, Krueger A, Koch SP, Mehnert J, Habermehl C, Steinbrink J, et al. A wearable multi-channel fNIRS system for brain imaging in freely moving subjects. Neuroimage. 2014;85:64\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.062.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"3425_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000337","volume":"34","author":"MW Prull","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prull MW. The attentional boost effect for words in young and older adults. Psychol Aging. 2019;34(3):405\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pag0000337.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"3425_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2008.00570.x","volume":"17","author":"PA Reuter-Lorenz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reuter-Lorenz PA, Cappell KA. Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2008;17(3):177\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2008.00570.x.","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"3425_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037194","volume":"123","author":"C Rossi-Arnaud","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rossi-Arnaud C, Spataro P, Saraulli D, Mulligan NW, Sciarretta A, Marques VRS, et al. The attentional boost effect in schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol. 2014;123(3):588\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0037194.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3425_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2023.2260147","volume":"31","author":"D Saraulli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saraulli D, Mulligan NW, Saraulli S, Spataro P. Exploring the roles of distinctiveness and performance anticipation in the attentional boost effect. Memory. 2023;31(10):1282\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09658211.2023.2260147.","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"3425_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2004.03.006","volume":"17","author":"R Shapley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shapley R. A new view of the primary visual cortex. Neural Netw. 2004;17(5\u20136):615\u201323.","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"12","key":"3425_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144838","volume":"10","author":"D Smirni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smirni D, Turriziani P, Mangano GR, Cipolotti L, Oliveri M. Modulating memory performance in healthy subjects with transcranial direct current stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(12):e0144838.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"3425_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2024.2377429","volume":"51","author":"P Spataro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Spataro P, Prull MW, Santirocchi A, Rossi-Arnaud C. The attentional boost effect in older adults: examining the vulnerable boost hypothesis. Exp Aging Res. 2025;51(2):190\u2013208.","journal-title":"Exp Aging Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"3425_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-018-1038-3","volume":"50","author":"CC Sun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun CC, Hendrix P, Ma JQ, Baayen RH. Chinese lexical database (CLD): a large-scale lexical database for simplified Mandarin Chinese. Behav Res Methods. 2018;50(6):2606\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-018-1038-3.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"3425_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Swallow KM, Broitman AW, Riley E, Turker HB. Grounding the attentional boost effect in events and the efficient brain. Front Psychol. 2022;13(20):Article 892416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.892416.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.892416"},{"issue":"1","key":"3425_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2009.12.003","volume":"115","author":"KM Swallow","year":"2010","unstructured":"Swallow KM, Jiang YV. The attentional boost effect: transient increases in attention to one task enhance performance in a second task. Cognition. 2010;115(1):118\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2009.12.003.","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"3425_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Swallow KM, Jiang YV. Attentional load and attentional boost: a review of data and theory. Front Psychol.\u00a02013;4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00274.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00274"},{"issue":"12","key":"3425_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00472.2012","volume":"108","author":"KM Swallow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Swallow KM, Makovski T, Jiang YHV. Selection of events in time enhances activity throughout early visual cortex. J Neurophysiol. 2012;108(12):3239\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00472.2012.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3425_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3758\/cabn.2.2.109","volume":"2","author":"SL Thompson-Schill","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thompson-Schill SL, Jonides J, Marshuetz C, Smith EE, D\u2019Esposito M, Kan IP, Knight RT, Swick D. Effects of frontal lobe damage on interference effects in working memory. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2002;2(2):109\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/cabn.2.2.109.","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"3425_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-025-01292-2","author":"TT Tran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tran TT, Madore KP, Tobin KE, Block SH, Puliyadi V, Hsu SC, et al. Age-related differences in the relationship between sustained attention and associative memory and memory-guided inference. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13415-025-01292-2.","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"3425_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-016-1542-5","volume":"123","author":"N Vierheilig","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vierheilig N, M\u00fchlberger A, Polak T, Herrmann MJ. Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex increases attention to visual target stimuli. J Neural Transm. 2016;123(10):1195\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-016-1542-5.","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"3425_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00236","volume":"12","author":"M Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang M, Yang P, Wan C, Jin Z, Zhang J, Li L. Evaluating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in memory-guided attention with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Front Hum Neurosci. 2018;12:236.","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3425_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26491-6","volume":"12","author":"D Wiesen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wiesen D, Bonilha L, Rorden C, Karnath H-O. Disconnectomics to unravel the network underlying deficits of spatial exploration and attention. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):22315.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3425_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao JJ, Li WY, Yao L. HD-tDCS applied on DLPFC cortex for sustained attention enhancement: a preliminary EEG study.\u00a0Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence [Intelligent robotics and applications (icira 2022), pt ii]. 15th International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications (ICIRA ) - Smart Robotics for Society, Harbin, PEOPLES R CHINA. 2022.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-13822-5_59"},{"key":"3425_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao S, Li Y, Shi Y, Li X. Cognitive aging: how the brain ages? In:\u00a0Cognitive aging and brain health.\u00a0Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2023. p. 9\u201321.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-1627-6_2"},{"issue":"11","key":"3425_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2022.01325","volume":"54","author":"SQ Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng SQ, Meng YF, Huang FJ. Goal decision or action induction? The effect of action response on the attentional boost effect. Acta Psychol Sin. 2022;54(11):1325\u201339.","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin"},{"issue":"05","key":"3425_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2024.00555","volume":"56","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Hu Y. Chunked feedback in teacher-student interaction promotes long-term learning transfer: a behavioral and fNIRS hyperscanning study. Acta Psychol Sin. 2024;56(05):555\u201378.","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T12:49:27Z","timestamp":1759754967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3425"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-025-03425-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin University of Technology and Education (No. 2024\u201316) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants signed the informed consent and assented to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1108"}}