{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:57:28Z","timestamp":1790611048406,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIHR131339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR131339"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perinatal mental health (PMH) difficulties are prevalent and often accompanied by parent-infant relationship difficulties. National Health Service community PMH services (PMHS) support birthing parents (typically mothers) experiencing moderate-to-severe and complex mental health difficulties. While PMHS primarily address maternal mental health, treatment can include interventions targeting parent-infant relationships. The Circle of Security-Parenting (COS-P) programme is widely used within PMHS in England and offers a potential solution to the evidence gaps for interventions that: i) target both parental mental health and parent-infant relationship quality; (ii) are transdiagnostic; and iii) delivered in groups. This study evaluates the acceptability of COS-P, an attachment-informed, group intervention delivered in PMHS in ten 90-min sessions, predominantly online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study analysed the perspectives of parents (COS-P recipients) and practitioners (COS-P providers) in the intervention arm of a wider randomised controlled trial. Data collection involved interviews (58 parents, 7 practitioners) and focus groups (6 practitioners). Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted by a team including co-researchers with lived experience and interdisciplinary academics and practitioners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four themes were constructed: (1) \u2018Flamingos\u2019, capturing the power of the group in normalising and validating demands relating to motherhood and PMH; (2) \u2018Practise Babies\u2019, highlighting the universal necessity and benefit of practising relationship skills, without expectations of perfection and with opportunities for repair; (3) \u2018the Dark Things\u2019, describing the emotional intensity for parents and practitioners arising from current and past relationships, occasionally necessitating extra support; and (4) \u2018the Ripples\u2019, illustrating shifts in understanding and compassion that may extend beyond the parent-infant relationship and interact with other interventions. These themes encompass both positive and negative experiences for parents and practitioners, as well as practical considerations for implementing COS-P within PMHS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although COS-P is positively regarded by many parents and practitioners in PMHS, attention to individual and service-specific factors remains crucial. Findings underscore the importance of trauma-informed approaches, particularly regarding intervention timing, sequencing, and ensuring personal agency in treatment decisions. Moreover, the effective facilitation of parent-infant psychological group interventions demands significant skill and resource allocation before, during, and outside sessions, impacting workforce planning, practitioner training, and supervision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ISRCTN18308962. Registered 18\/02\/2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:35:46Z","timestamp":1770424546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Acceptability of Circle of Security-Parenting groups in NHS community perinatal mental health services in England: parent and practitioner perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zo\u00eb","family":"Darwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lani","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Trevena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia Nahz","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jude","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Innamana","family":"Pettyll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basanti","family":"Aryal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Alyousefi-van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"O\u2019Shaughnessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nic","family":"Horley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed","family":"Waddingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Babalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Cornelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasco","family":"Fearon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Pilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiunn","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fonagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Rosan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0118.2007.00016.x","volume":"23","author":"L Baraitser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baraitser L, Noack A. Mother courage: reflections on maternal resilience. Br J Psychother. 2007;23(2):171\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1752-0118.2007.00016.x.","journal-title":"Br J Psychother"},{"key":"4068_CR2","volume-title":"The costs of perinatal mental health problems","author":"A Bauer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bauer A, Parsonage M, Knapp K, Iemmi V, Adelaja B. The costs of perinatal mental health problems. London: Centre for Mental Health; 2014."},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","volume":"27","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the childhood trauma questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl. 2003;27(2):169\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"4068_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2","volume-title":"Thematic analysis: a practical guide","author":"V Braun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Thematic analysis: a practical guide. SAGE; 2022."},{"key":"4068_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-006-0132-1","volume":"9","author":"IF Brockington","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brockington IF, Fraser C, Wilson D. The postpartum bonding questionnaire: a validation. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2006;9:233\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00737-006-0132-1.","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-019-00307-y","volume":"23","author":"J Butler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Butler J, Gregg L, Calam R, Wittkowski A. Parents\u2019 perceptions and experiences of parenting programmes: a systematic review and metasynthesis of the qualitative literature. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2020;23(2):176\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-019-00307-y.","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/anzf.1443","volume":"42","author":"A Cook","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cook A, Bragg J, Reay RE. Pivot to telehealth: narrative reflections on circle of security parenting groups during COVID-19. Aust N Z J Fam Ther. 2021;42(1):106\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anzf.1443.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Fam Ther"},{"key":"4068_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2022.1028192","volume":"3","author":"Z Darwin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Darwin Z, Blower SL, Nekitsing C, Masefield S, Razaq R, Padgett L, et al. Addressing inequalities in the identification and management of perinatal mental health difficulties: the perspectives of minoritised women, healthcare practitioners and the voluntary sector. Front Glob Womens Health. 2022;3:1028192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgwh.2022.1028192.","journal-title":"Front Glob Womens Health"},{"key":"4068_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"40","author":"M Doehrman","year":"1976","unstructured":"Doehrman M. Parallel processes in supervision and psychotherapy. Bull Menninger Clin. 1976;40:1\u2013104.","journal-title":"Bull Menninger Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.1.51","volume":"180","author":"C Evans","year":"2002","unstructured":"Evans C, Connell J, Barkham M, Margison F, McGrath G, Mellor-Clark J, et al. Towards a standardised brief outcome measure: psychometric properties and utility of the CORE\u2013OM. Br J Psychiatry. 2002;180(1):51\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.180.1.51.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"4068_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21942","volume":"42","author":"DV Fernandes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fernandes DV, Canavarro MC, Moreira H. The role of mothers\u2019 self-compassion on mother\u2013infant bonding during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study exploring the mediating role of mindful parenting and parenting stress in the postpartum period. Infant Ment Health J. 2021;42(5):621\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/imhj.21942.","journal-title":"Infant Ment Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-024-05804-1","volume":"24","author":"L Fisher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fisher L, Davey A, Wong G, Morgan-Trimmer S, Howard LM, Sharp H, et al. Women\u2019s engagement with community perinatal mental health services: a realist evaluation. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24(1):492\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05804-1.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12043","volume":"53","author":"P Gilbert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gilbert P. The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. Br J Clin Psychol. 2014;53(1):6\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjc.12043.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"4068_CR14","unstructured":"Gilhooly N. An exploratory study of parent experiences on the circle of security\u2013parenting (COS-P) programme [Doctoral dissertation, University of Limerick]. 2018. UL Institutional Repository. https:\/\/researchrepository.ul.ie\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/18f84576-7467-4409-bcdf-53b4b968f81f\/content."},{"issue":"3","key":"4068_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(23)00409-1","volume":"11","author":"IP Gurol-Urganci","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gurol-Urganci IP, Langham JP, Tassie EM, Heslin MP, Byford SP, Davey AP, et al. Community perinatal mental health teams and associations with perinatal mental health and obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with a history of secondary mental health care in England: a national population-based cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2024;11(3):174\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(23)00409-1.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"4068_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2022.2132888","volume":"33","author":"J Helle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Helle J, V\u00f8llestad J, Schanche E, Hjelen Stige S. From seeing difficult behaviour to recognizing legitimate needs - a qualitative study of mothers\u2019 experiences of participating in a Circle of Security Parenting program in a public mental health setting. Psychother Res. 2023;33(4):482\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10503307.2022.2132888.","journal-title":"Psychother Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4068_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344","volume":"27","author":"MM Hennink","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hennink MM, Kaiser BN, Marconi VC. Code saturation versus meaning saturation: how many interviews are enough? Qual Health Res. 2017;27(4):591\u2013608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732316665344.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"4068_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081123","volume":"389","author":"S Hopewell","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hopewell S, Chan AW, Collins GS, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Moher D, Schulz KF, et al. CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trials. BMJ. 2025;389:e081123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-081123.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"4068_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20769","volume":"19","author":"LM Howard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Howard LM, Khalifeh H. Perinatal mental health: a review of progress and challenges. World Psychiatry. 2020;19(3):313\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20769.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2017.9","volume":"212","author":"LM Howard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Howard LM, Ryan EG, Trevillion K, Anderson F, Bick D, Bye A, et al. Accuracy of the Whooley questions and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale in identifying depression and other mental disorders in early pregnancy. Br J Psychiatry. 2018;212(1):50\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.2017.9.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01711-w","volume":"18","author":"J Jankovic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jankovic J, Parsons J, Jovanovi\u0107 N, Berrisford G, Copello A, Fazil Q, et al. Differences in access and utilisation of mental health services in the perinatal period for women from ethnic minorities - a population-based study. BMC Med. 2020;18:245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-020-01711-w.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"4068_CR22","unstructured":"Law C, Wolfenden L, Sperlich M, Taylor J. A good practice guide to support implementation of trauma-informed care in the perinatal period. Blackpool, UK: The Centre for Early Childhood Development; 2021. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/BBS-TIC-V8.pdf."},{"key":"4068_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/capr.12860","author":"K Lawrence","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lawrence K, Nicholson H, Iwanow M, Johnston T, Skelhorn L, Toole E, et al. An evaluation of compassion-focused therapy groups for women accessing a specialist perinatal service in England. Couns Psychother Res. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/capr.12860.","journal-title":"Couns Psychother Res"},{"key":"4068_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101808","volume":"75","author":"CA Low","year":"2020","unstructured":"Low CA, Schauenburg H, Dinger U. Self-criticism and psychotherapy outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2020;75:101808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101808.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"4068_CR25","unstructured":"Lumivero. NVivo (Version 14). 2023. https:\/\/lumivero.com\/products\/nvivo\/."},{"issue":"13","key":"4068_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444","volume":"26","author":"K Malterud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malterud K, Siersma VD, Guassora AD. Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual Health Res. 2016;26(13):1753\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732315617444.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"4068_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2020.575752","volume":"1","author":"AM Maxwell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maxwell AM, McMahon C, Huber A, Hawkins E, Reay RE. Addressing the evidence gap: protocol for an effectiveness study of Circle of Security Parenting, an attachment-based intervention. Front Glob Womens Health. 2020;1:575752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgwh.2020.575752.","journal-title":"Front Glob Womens Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"4068_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21916","volume":"42","author":"AM Maxwell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maxwell AM, Reay RE, Huber A, Hawkins E, Woolnough E, McMahon C. Parent and practitioner perspectives on circle of security parenting (COS-P): a qualitative study. Infant Ment Health J. 2021;42(3):452\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/imhj.21916.","journal-title":"Infant Ment Health J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/09515070126329","volume":"14","author":"J Morrissey","year":"2001","unstructured":"Morrissey J, Tribe R. Parallel process in supervision. Couns Psychol Q. 2001;14(2):103\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09515070126329.","journal-title":"Couns Psychol Q"},{"key":"4068_CR31","unstructured":"Mycroft R, Healy S, O\u2019Mahen H, Rosan C, Sharp H, Slade P, Tesfos A, Waters C. Best practice guidance: Working therapeutically with parents and their infants during pregnancy and postpartum using remote delivery platforms. British Psychological Society: Division of Clinical Psychology. 2020. https:\/\/cms.bps.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-06\/Working%20remotely%20with%20parents%20and%20infants%20during%20pregnancy%20and%20postpartum.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198113485755","volume":"41","author":"J Mytton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mytton J, Ingram J, Manns S, Thomas J. Facilitators and barriers to engagement in parenting programs: a qualitative systematic review. Health Educ Behav. 2013;41(2):127\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1090198113485755.","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"4068_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20788-z","volume":"25","author":"R Naughton-Doe","year":"2025","unstructured":"Naughton-Doe R, Nowland R, Tierney S, Webber M, Wittkowski A. Interventions that prevent or reduce perinatal loneliness and its proximal determinants: a restricted scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2025;25:495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-20788-z.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"4068_CR34","unstructured":"NHS England. Psychological Therapies for Perinatal Mental Health: Implementation Guidance (version 5). 2025. https:\/\/future.nhs.uk."},{"issue":"9","key":"4068_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388","volume":"89","author":"BC O\u2019Brien","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"4068_CR36","unstructured":"Parent-Infant Foundation. Where are the infants in children and young people\u2019s mental health? Findings from a survey of mental health professionals. Parent-Infant Foundation.;\u00a02021. https:\/\/parentinfantfoundation.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/PIF-Where-are-the-Infants-in-CYP-MH-26-May.pdf."},{"key":"4068_CR37","volume-title":"The circle of security intervention: Enhancing attachment in early parent-child relationships","author":"B Powell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Powell B, Cooper G, Hoffman K, Marvin B. The circle of security intervention: Enhancing attachment in early parent-child relationships. Guilford publications; 2013."},{"key":"4068_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07194-3","volume":"24","author":"C Rosan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosan C, Alyousefi-van Dijk K, Darwin Z, Babalis D, Cornelius V, Phillips R, et al. The COSI trial: a study protocol for a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial to explore the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the Circle of Security-Parenting Intervention in community perinatal mental health services in England. Trials. 2023;24:188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-023-07194-3.","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"4068_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(25)00263-9","author":"C Rosan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rosan C, van Alyousefi- Dijk K, Cornelius V, Waddingham E, Darwin Z, Babalis D, et al. Clinical effectiveness of the circle of security-parenting group intervention for birthing parents in perinatal mental health services in England (COSI): a pragmatic, multicentre, assessor-masked, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(25)00263-9.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"4068_CR40","unstructured":"Royal College of Psychiatrists. College Report CR232: \u2018Perinatal mental health services: Recommendations for the provision of services for childbearing women\u2019. The Royal College of Psychiatrists; 2021. https:\/\/www.rcpsych.ac.uk\/improving-care\/campaigning-for-better-mental-health-policy\/college-reports\/2021-college-reports\/perinatal-mental-health-services-CR232."},{"issue":"1","key":"4068_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2031-8","volume":"17","author":"M Sekhon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sekhon M, Cartwright M, Francis JJ. Acceptability of healthcare interventions: an overview of reviews and development of a theoretical framework. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):88\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-017-2031-8.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"4068_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2061","volume":"374","author":"K Skivington","year":"2021","unstructured":"Skivington K, Matthews L, Simpson SA, Craig P, Baird J, Blazeby JM, et al. A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance. BMJ. 2021;374:n2061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n2061.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0001078","volume":"78","author":"M Whittingham","year":"2023","unstructured":"Whittingham M, Marmarosh CL, Mallow P, Scherer M. Mental health care equity and access: a group therapy solution. Am Psychol. 2023;78(2):119\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0001078.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"4068_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1500","volume":"357","author":"M Wolpert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wolpert M, Vostanis P, Martin K, Munk S, Norman R, Fonagy P, et al. High integrity mental health services for children: focusing on the person, not the problem. BMJ. 2017;357:j1500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j1500.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4068_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Woolfman M. Practitioner experiences of delivering Video Interaction Guidance with caregivers and infants: Toward Culturally Competent Care. [Professional Doctoral Thesis, University of East London] UEL Institutional Repository. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15123\/uel.8x0x5.","DOI":"10.15123\/uel.8x0x5"},{"issue":"2","key":"4068_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/15289168.2016.1163161","volume":"15","author":"A Yaholkoski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yaholkoski A, Hurl K, Theule J. Efficacy of the circle of security intervention: a meta-analysis. J Infant Child Adolesc Psychother. 2016;15(2):95\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15289168.2016.1163161.","journal-title":"J Infant Child Adolesc Psychother"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:41:47Z","timestamp":1781631707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-026-04068-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained on 26\/11\/2021 with the Surrey Research Ethics Committee (Health Research Authority, 3rd Floor, Barlow House, 4 Minshull Street, Manchester, M1 3DZ, UK;\u2009+\u200944 (0)207 104 8144; surrey.rec@hra.nhs.uk), REC ref: 21\/LO\/0723. The study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written, informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable (details are not presented that would compromise anonymity).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"NH facilitates COS-P groups in this service context and ROS provides clinical leadership in this service context in services that offer COS-P. LR has received COS-P. SNR has shadowed COS-P groups within their Assistant Psychologist role in this service context. We declare no other known competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"345"}}