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Vertical individualism and intolerance of uncertainty were consistently and positively related to PGAIU across the total sample and sex-based groups. Further analyses suggested that, among women, the association between narcissism and PGAIU was fully indirect, operating through vertical individualism. In addition, psychopathy showed a divergent pattern among men, with a direct negative association with PGAIU alongside an indirect positive association via intolerance of uncertainty-related pathways. These patterns should be interpreted with caution, as full measurement invariance across sex was not supported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the findings highlight the central role of individualistic value orientations and uncertainty-related processes in explaining how dark personality traits contribute to PGAIU. These results offer initial insights, within this sample and with these measures, into potential psychological mechanisms underlying dysregulated engagement with emerging GAI technologies. Replication in independent samples is needed before stronger conclusions can be drawn.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-026-05012-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T12:33:16Z","timestamp":1781353996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dark Tetrad traits and problematic generative artificial intelligence use: the serial mediating role of individualism and intolerance of uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8678-9078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ka\u011fan","family":"K\u0131rcaburun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5012_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2023.2261010","volume":"65","author":"KB Ooi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ooi KB, Tan GWH, Al-Emran M, Al-Sharafi MA, Capatina A, Chakraborty A, Wong LW. 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