{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:01:00Z","timestamp":1790308860423,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":81,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T02:25:25Z","timestamp":1783304725000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mentalization of shame in coping with self-coherence dysregulation during shame experiences"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Samira","family":"Rostami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/01062301.1993.10592297","volume":"16","author":"P Ikonen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ikonen P, Rechardt E. The origin of shame and its vicissitudes. Scandinavian Psychoanal Rev. 1993;16(2):100\u201324.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Psychoanal Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR2","first-page":"297","volume":"72","author":"AM Rizzuto","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rizzuto AM. Shame in psychoanalysis: The function of unconscious fantasies. Int J Psychoanal. 1991;72(2):297\u2013312.","journal-title":"Int J Psychoanal"},{"key":"5094_CR3","first-page":"355","volume":"52","author":"S Levin","year":"1971","unstructured":"Levin S. The psychoanalysis of shame. Int J Psychoanal. 1971;52:355.","journal-title":"Int J Psychoanal"},{"key":"5094_CR4","first-page":"267","volume":"48","author":"S Levin","year":"1967","unstructured":"Levin S. Some metapsychological considerations on the differentiation between shame and guilt. Int J Psychoanal. 1967a;48:267\u201376.","journal-title":"Int J Psychoanal"},{"key":"5094_CR5","unstructured":"Freud S. Three essays on the theory of sexuality. Standard Edition; 1905."},{"key":"5094_CR6","unstructured":"Freud S. Resistencia y represi\u00f3n. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu. 1916."},{"key":"5094_CR7","unstructured":"Laplanche J, Pontalis JB. The language of psycho-analysis. Nicholson-Smith D, translator. New York: W.W. Norton & Company; 1973."},{"key":"5094_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lecours S, Briand-Malenfant R, Descheneaux E. Affect regulation and mentalization in narcissistic personality disorder. In: Ogrodniczuk JS, editor. Understanding and Treating Pathological Narcissism. Washington (DC): American Psychological Association; 2013. p. 129\u2013145.","DOI":"10.1037\/14041-008"},{"key":"5094_CR9","unstructured":"Laplanche J, Pontalis JB. The language of psycho-analysis.(Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith)."},{"key":"5094_CR10","unstructured":"Sandler J, Sandler AM. The gyroscopic function of unconscious fantasy. 1986a."},{"key":"5094_CR11","unstructured":"Sandler J, Sandler AM. On the development of object relations and affects. 1986b."},{"key":"5094_CR12","first-page":"369","volume":"69","author":"AM Rizzuto","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rizzuto AM. Transference, language and affect in the treatment of bulimarexia. Int J Psychoanal. 1988;69:369\u201387.","journal-title":"Int J Psychoanal"},{"key":"5094_CR13","unstructured":"Freud S. Some character-types met with in psycho-analytic work (1916). Chapter III. Criminals from a sense of guilt."},{"key":"5094_CR14","unstructured":"Grinker RR. Growth inertia and shame: their therapeutic implications and dangers. The International journal of psycho-analysis. 1955;36(4-5):242\u201353."},{"key":"5094_CR15","unstructured":"Kohut H. The analysis of the self: A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. InThe Analysis of the Self 1971 Jun. University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"5094_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kesman E, De Amicis M, Mucci C, Scalabrini A. The vulnerability of shame for the narcissistic self: a systematic review. Authorea Preprints. 2024.","DOI":"10.22541\/au.172115029.90350833\/v1"},{"issue":"12","key":"5094_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3659","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1420870112","volume":"112","author":"E Brummelman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brummelman E, Thomaes S, Nelemans SA, Orobio de Castro B, Overbeek G, Bushman BJ. Origins of narcissism in children. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2015;112(12):3659\u201362.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/00797308.1963.11822927","volume":"18","author":"J Sandler","year":"1963","unstructured":"Sandler J, Holder A, Meers D. The ego ideal and the ideal self. Psychoanal Study Child. 1963;18(1):139\u201358.","journal-title":"Psychoanal Study Child"},{"issue":"6","key":"5094_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1983.5761594x","volume":"57","author":"SR Morrison","year":"1983","unstructured":"Morrison SR. Ruminant heat stress: effect on production and means of alleviation. J Anim Sci. 1983;57(6):1594\u2013600.","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"5094_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(03)00110-7","volume":"36","author":"O Montebarocci","year":"2004","unstructured":"Montebarocci O, Codispoti M, Baldaro B, Rossi N. Adult attachment style and alexithymia. Pers Indiv Differ. 2004;36(3):499\u2013507.","journal-title":"Pers Indiv Differ"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2020.1778616","volume":"161","author":"N Sedighimornani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sedighimornani N, Rimes K, Verplanken B. Factors contributing to the experience of shame and shame management: Adverse childhood experiences, peer acceptance, and attachment styles. J Soc Psychol. 2021;161(2):129\u201345.","journal-title":"J Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5094_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1521\/bumc.65.3.427.19844","volume":"65","author":"P Fonagy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fonagy P. The human genome and the representational world: The role of early mother-infant interaction in creating an interpersonal interpretive mechanism. Bull Menninger Clin. 2001;65(3):427\u201348.","journal-title":"Bull Menninger Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-023-00231-2","volume":"10","author":"A Asgarizadeh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asgarizadeh A, Sharp C, Ghanbari S. Shame-coping clusters: Comparisons regarding attachment insecurities, mentalizing deficits, and personality pathology controlling for general emotion dysregulation. Borderline Personality Disorder Emot Dysregulation. 2023;10(1):25.","journal-title":"Borderline Personality Disorder Emot Dysregulation"},{"key":"5094_CR24","unstructured":"Batman P, Fonagy P. Mentalization-based treatment for personality disorders."},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409990198","volume":"21","author":"P Fonagy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fonagy P, Luyten P. A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder. Dev Psychopathol. 2009;21(4):1355\u201381.","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"5094_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2020.34.supp.177","volume":"34","author":"RP Drozek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Drozek RP, Unruh BT. Mentalization-based treatment for pathological narcissism. J Personal Disord. 2020;34(Suppl):177\u2013203.","journal-title":"J Personal Disord"},{"key":"5094_CR27","unstructured":"Jurist E. Minding emotions: Cultivating mentalization in psychotherapy. Guilford Press; 2018."},{"issue":"5","key":"5094_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.815","volume":"16","author":"EC Hunter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hunter EC, Andrews B. Memory for autobiographical facts and events: a comparison of women reporting childhood sexual abuse and non-abused controls. Appl Cogn Psychology: Official J Soc Appl Res Memory Cognition. 2002;16(5):575\u201388.","journal-title":"Appl Cogn Psychology: Official J Soc Appl Res Memory Cognition"},{"issue":"7","key":"5094_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.03.017","volume":"48","author":"DJ Robinaugh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robinaugh DJ, McNally RJ. Autobiographical memory for shame- or guilt-provoking events. Behav Res Ther. 2010;48(7):646\u201352.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"5094_CR30","unstructured":"Webb M, Heisler D, Call S, Chickering S, Colburn T. Shame, guilt, and depression. Child Abuse & Neglect; 2007."},{"key":"5094_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0879(199603)3:1<23::AID-CPP66>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"3","author":"P Gilbert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gilbert P, Allan S, Goss K. Parental representations, shame, interpersonal problems and vulnerability to psychopathology. Clin Psychol Psychother. 1996;3:23\u201334.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"key":"5094_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbert P. Evolutionary approaches to psychopathology and cognitive therapy. J Cogn Psychother. 2002;16(3):263\u2013294.","DOI":"10.1891\/jcop.16.3.263.52515"},{"key":"5094_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1353\/sor.2003.0013","volume":"70","author":"P Gilbert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gilbert P. Evolution, social roles and differences in shame and guilt. Soc Res. 2003;70:1205\u201330.","journal-title":"Soc Res"},{"key":"5094_CR34","unstructured":"Spiegel D. Trauma, dissociation, and memory."},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1290","volume":"21","author":"D Berntsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Berntsen D, Rubin DC. When a trauma becomes a key to identity: Enhanced integration of trauma memories predicts posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Appl Cogn Psychol. 2007;21(4):417\u201331.","journal-title":"Appl Cogn Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013165","volume":"137","author":"DC Rubin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rubin DC, Boals A, Berntsen D. Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and nontraumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2008;137(4):591.","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Gen"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.82.2.167","volume":"82","author":"LK Libby","year":"2002","unstructured":"Libby LK, Eibach RP. Looking back in time: self-concept change affects visual perspective in autobiographical memory. J Personal Soc Psychol. 2002;82(2):167.","journal-title":"J Personal Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2004.00660.x","volume":"15","author":"HK McIsaac","year":"2004","unstructured":"McIsaac HK, Eich E. Vantage point in traumatic memory. Psychol Sci. 2004;15(4):248\u201353.","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(83)90016-6","volume":"15","author":"G Nigro","year":"1983","unstructured":"Nigro G, Neisser U. Point of view in personal memories. Cogn Psychol. 1983;15(4):467\u201382.","journal-title":"Cogn Psychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5094_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.03.017","volume":"48","author":"DJ Robinaugh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robinaugh DJ, McNally RJ. Autobiographical memory for shame or guilt provoking events: Association with psychological symptoms. Behav Res Ther. 2010;48(7):646\u201352.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"5094_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2016.06.003","volume":"68","author":"M Marchlewska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marchlewska M, Cichocka A. An autobiographical gateway: Narcissists avoid first-person visual perspective while retrieving self-threatening memories. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2017;68:157\u201361.","journal-title":"J Exp Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5094_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0355(200101\/04)22:1<201::AID-IMHJ8>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"22","author":"AN Schore","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schore AN. The effects of early relational trauma on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication World Association Infant Mental Health. 2001;22(1\u20132):201\u201369.","journal-title":"Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication World Association Infant Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1515\/culture-2017-0010","volume":"1","author":"A Kasabova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasabova A. From shame to shaming: Towards an analysis of shame narratives. Open Cult Stud. 2017;1(1):99\u2013112.","journal-title":"Open Cult Stud"},{"key":"5094_CR44","unstructured":"Kaufman G. The psychology of shame: Theory and treatment of shame-based syndromes. 2nd ed. Springer; 1996."},{"key":"5094_CR45","unstructured":"Fonagy P, Gergely G, Jurist E, Target M. Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. Other; 2002."},{"key":"5094_CR46","unstructured":"Allen JG. Mentalizing in the development and treatment of attachment trauma. American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013."},{"issue":"6","key":"5094_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2006.20.6.544","volume":"20","author":"P Fonagy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fonagy P, Target M. The mentalization-focused approach to self pathology. J Personal Disord. 2006;20(6):544\u201376.","journal-title":"J Personal Disord"},{"key":"5094_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1080\/07351692309349042","volume":"23","author":"P Fonagy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fonagy P, Target M, Gergely G, Allen JG, Bateman A. The developmental roots of borderline personality disorder in early attachment relationships. Psychoanal Inq. 2003;23:412\u201359.","journal-title":"Psychoanal Inq"},{"key":"5094_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1516\/0020757001600165","volume":"81","author":"P Fonagy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fonagy P, Target M. Playing with reality III: The persistence of dual psychic reality in borderline patients. Int J Psychoanal. 2000;81:853\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Psychoanal"},{"key":"5094_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bion WR, Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101.","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"5094_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilligan J. The interpretation of violence. In: Williams P, editor. Aggression: From fantasy to action. Karnac Books; 2011. pp. 67\u201394.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429471674-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR52","first-page":"824","volume":"28","author":"GJ Bush","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bush GJ, Luchner AF. Coping with shame: The role of self-reflective capacities in perceiving others as empathic. Res Psychotherapy: Psychopathol Process Outcome. 2025;28(1):824.","journal-title":"Res Psychotherapy: Psychopathol Process Outcome"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1080\/14779757.2023.2234966","volume":"22","author":"L Greenberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Greenberg L. Changing emotion with emotion. Person-centered experiential psychotherapies. 2023;22(4):368\u201383.","journal-title":"Person-centered experiential psychotherapies"},{"issue":"5","key":"5094_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2015.1135779","volume":"156","author":"N Hermanto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hermanto N, Zuroff DC. The social mentality theory of self-compassion and self-reassurance: The interactive effect of care-seeking and caregiving. J Soc Psychol. 2016;156(5):523\u201335.","journal-title":"J Soc Psychol"},{"key":"5094_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbert P, Simos G. Compassion focused therapy: An evolution-informed, biopsychosocial approach to psychotherapy: history and challengePaul Gilbert. In Compassion focused therapy. Routledge. 2022. pp. 24\u201389.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003035879-3"},{"key":"5094_CR56","unstructured":"Trommsdorff G, Rothbaum F. Development of emotion regulation in cultural context. Konstanz, Germany: Bibliothek der Universit\u00e4t Konstanz; 2009. p. 16."},{"key":"5094_CR57","first-page":"161","volume":"27","author":"D Tantam","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tantam D. The Emotional Disorders. Shame: Interpersonal behavior, psychopathology, and culture. Aug. 1998;27:161.","journal-title":"Aug"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1348\/000711201160731","volume":"74","author":"J Macdonald","year":"2001","unstructured":"Macdonald J, Morley I. Shame and non-disclosure: A study of the emotional isolation of people referred for psychotherapy. Br J Med Psychol. 2001;74(1):1\u201321.","journal-title":"Br J Med Psychol"},{"key":"5094_CR59","unstructured":"Hiles D. \u010cerm\u00e1k I. Narrative psychology."},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/0038038595029001010","volume":"29","author":"I Craib","year":"1995","unstructured":"Craib I. Some comments on the sociology of the emotions. Sociology. 1995;29(1):151\u20138.","journal-title":"Sociology"},{"key":"5094_CR61","unstructured":"Kleiman S, Copp MA. Emotions and Fieldwork: Qualitative Research Methods."},{"key":"5094_CR62","unstructured":"Lincoln Y, Guba E. Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly hills: Sage master, Peter (1999) editorial. English for Specific Purposes. 1985;18:102\u20134."},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1350-4126.2005.00108.x","volume":"12","author":"M Mikulincer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mikulincer M, Shaver PR. Attachment theory and emotions in close relationships: Exploring the attachment-related dynamics of emotional reactions to relational events. Personal relationships. 2005;12(2):149\u201368.","journal-title":"Personal relationships"},{"issue":"4","key":"5094_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1998.tb01002.x","volume":"71","author":"P Gilbert","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gilbert P. The evolved basis and adaptive functions of cognitive distortions. Br J Med Psychol. 1998;71(4):447\u201363.","journal-title":"Br J Med Psychol"},{"key":"5094_CR65","unstructured":"Nathanson DL. Shame and pride: Affect, sex, and the birth of the self. WW Norton & Company; 2015."},{"key":"5094_CR66","unstructured":"Bryant RA, Keane TM. Posttraumatic stress disorder. In: Castonguay LG, Oltmanns TF, editors. Psychopathology: From Science to Clinical Practice. New York: Guilford Press; 2013. p. 172\u2013197."},{"issue":"6","key":"5094_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2006.09.005","volume":"45","author":"AD Williams","year":"2007","unstructured":"Williams AD, Moulds ML. Cognitive avoidance of intrusive memories: Recall vantage perspective and associations with depression. Behav Res Ther. 2007;45(6):1141\u201353.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-071919-015355","volume":"16","author":"P Luyten","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luyten P, Campbell C, Allison E, Fonagy P. The mentalizing approach to psychopathology: State of the art and future directions. Ann Rev Clin Psychol. 2020;16(1):297\u2013325.","journal-title":"Ann Rev Clin Psychol"},{"key":"5094_CR69","unstructured":"Tangney JP, Dearing RL. Shame and guilt. Guilford Press; 2003."},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR70","first-page":"824","volume":"28","author":"GJ Bush","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bush GJ, Luchner AF. Coping with shame: the role of self-reflective capacities in perceiving others as empathic. Res Psychotherapy: Psychopathol Process Outcome. 2025;28(1):824.","journal-title":"Res Psychotherapy: Psychopathol Process Outcome"},{"issue":"2","key":"5094_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/741938210","volume":"11","author":"A Wilson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilson A, Ross M. The identity function of autobiographical memory: Time is on our side. Memory. 2003;11(2):137\u201349.","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"1","key":"5094_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210802438466","volume":"17","author":"C Lemogne","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lemogne C, Bergouignan L, Piolino P, Jouvent R, Allilaire JF, Fossati P. Cognitive avoidance of intrusive memories and autobiographical memory: Specificity, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective. Memory. 2009;17(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Memory"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T03:46:51Z","timestamp":1790308011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-026-05094-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-7283"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-7283","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All participants voluntarily participated in this study and provided informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1394"}}