{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:59:34Z","timestamp":1792677574487,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583107200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>After several decades, cisplatin continues to be an essential drug for the treatment of several tumors, however, its potential nephrotoxicity is still a clinically relevant issue. Identification of predisposing factors for renal toxicity could be of value to warrant prophylactic measures.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analyzed data from 198 patients with various tumor types, treated with cisplatin containing regimens in our regional cancer center in a two-years period. Assessed variables included age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, tumor type, prior or concomitant anticancer treatment, cisplatin dose, time-interval between cycles, number of cycles, concomitant nephrotoxic drugs or radiotherapy and co-morbidities. We divided cisplatin nephrotoxicity in two categories: transient and permanent. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed in order to define statistical associations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cisplatin discontinuation rate was 27,7%, of which, 8.1% was due to renal toxicity. A total of 74 and 21 patients developed transient and permanent nephrotoxicity, respectively. At univariable analysis cirrhosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027), hypertension (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020), alcohol intake (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030) and number of cycles <jats:underline>&lt;<\/jats:underline>\u20094 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) were significantly associated with transient renal toxicity, while at the multivariable analysis, a statistical significance was detected for cirrhosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), hypertension (p\u2009=\u20090.009) and a total number of cycles <jats:underline>&lt;<\/jats:underline>\u20094 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Regarding permanent renal toxicity, a concomitant administration of NSAIDs was significant at univariable analysis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Relevant risk factors for the development of transient nephrotoxicity were defined. Patients presenting these baseline characteristics may require more frequent post-cycle check-up visits and hydration treatment should be guaranteed as soon as a reduction of creatinine clearance is detected.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T18:03:48Z","timestamp":1583172228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Risk factors for renal toxicity after inpatient cisplatin administration"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Galfetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Cerutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Ghielmini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Zucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5902-0757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"Wannesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"398_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000086055","volume":"148","author":"T Taguchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taguchi T, Nazneen A, Abid MR, Razzaque MS. Cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity and pathological events. Contrib Nephrol. 2005;148:107\u201321.","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"key":"398_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/S0270-9295(03)00089-5","volume":"23","author":"I Arany","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arany I, Safirstein RL. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Semin Nephrol. 2003;23:460\u20134.","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"398_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-008-0711-0","volume":"61","author":"V Launay-Vacher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Launay-Vacher V, Rey JB, Isnard-Bagnis C, Deray G, Daouphars M. Prevention of cisplatin nephrotoxicity: state of the art and recommendations from the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy Special Interest Group on Cancer care. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008;61:903\u20139.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"398_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600884","volume":"88","author":"FE de Jongh","year":"2003","unstructured":"de Jongh FE, van Veen RN, Veltman SJ, de Wit R, van der Burg ME, van den Bent MJ, et al. Weekly high-dose cisplatin is a feasible treatment option: analysis on prognostic factors for toxicity in 400 patients. Br J Cancer. 2003;88:1199\u2013206.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"398_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809302701219","volume":"27","author":"AJ Anand","year":"1993","unstructured":"Anand AJ, Bashey B. Newer insights into cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Ann Pharmacother. 1993;27:1519\u201325.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"398_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s002800050661","volume":"40","author":"DJ Stewart","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stewart DJ, Dulberg CS, Mikhael NZ, Redmond MD, Montpetit VA, Goel R. Association of cisplatin nephrotoxicity with patient characteristics and cisplatin administration methods. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1997;40:293\u2013308.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"398_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"37","author":"G Daugaard","year":"1990","unstructured":"Daugaard G. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity: experimental and clinical studies. Dan Med Bull. 1990;37:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"key":"398_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1988.132","volume":"44","author":"G Daugaard","year":"1988","unstructured":"Daugaard G, Abildgaard U, Holstein-Rathlou NH, Bruunshuus I, Bucher D, Leyssac PP. Renal tubular function in patients treated with high-dose cisplatin. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1988;44:164\u201372.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"398_CR9","first-page":"3767","volume":"20","author":"JT Hartmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hartmann JT, Fels LM, Franzke A, Knop S, Renn M, Maess B, et al. Comparative study of the acute nephrotoxicity from standard dose cisplatin +\/\u2212 ifosfamide and high-dose chemotherapy with carboplatin and ifosfamide. Anticancer Res. 2000;20:3767\u201373.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"398_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(78)90825-2","volume":"65","author":"NE Madias","year":"1978","unstructured":"Madias NE, Harrington JT. Platinum nephrotoxicity. Am J Med. 1978;65:307\u201314.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"398_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.2.363","volume":"147","author":"A Haas","year":"1983","unstructured":"Haas A, Anderson L, Lad T. The influence of aminoglycosides on the nephrotoxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in cancer patients. J Infect Dis. 1983;147:363.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"398_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00055110","volume":"37","author":"C Mathe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mathe C, Bohacs A, Duffek L, Lukacsovits J, Komlosi ZI, Szondy K, et al. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity aggravated by cardiovascular disease and diabetes in lung cancer patients. Eur Respir J. 2011;37:888\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"398_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00694330","volume":"25","author":"G Daugaard","year":"1989","unstructured":"Daugaard G, Abildgaard U. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity. A review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1989;25:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"398_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1191\/096032701682693026","volume":"20","author":"MH Ahmida","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ahmida MH, Abdel-Gayoum AA, El-Fakhri MM. Effect of spironolactone on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2001;20:453\u20139.","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"398_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31812dfe1e","volume":"334","author":"X Yao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yao X, Panichpisal K, Kurtzman N, Nugent K. Cisplatin nephrotoxicity: a review. Am J Med Sci. 2007;334:115\u201324.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"398_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197501000-00002","volume":"54","author":"NK Hollenberg","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hollenberg NK, Adams DF, Solomon H, Chenitz WR, Burger BM, Abrams HL, et al. Renal vascular tone in essential and secondary hypertension: hemodynamic and angiographic responses to vasodilators. Medicine (Baltimore). 1975;54:29\u201344.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"}],"container-title":["BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:45:46Z","timestamp":1614645946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpharmacoltoxicol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40360-020-0398-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-6511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-6511","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The local ethical review board approved this retrospective analysis (Comitato Etico Cantonale, Email address:  - Web page: ).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19"}}