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The CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cell viability and apoptosis 24\u2009h, 48\u2009h, and 72\u2009h after administration. Furthermore, 12\u2009h before irradiation, the cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, or 20\u2009\u03bcg\/mL zymosan and then irradiated with 4\u2009Gy X-rays. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry at 24\u2009h. In addition, the protective effect of zymosan against radiation in vitro was compared to that of 20\u2009\u03bcg\/mL LPS\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      In vivo, weight, the spleen index, and the thymus index were measured to evaluate the toxicity of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 10\u2009mg\/kg zymosan. In addition, rats were treated with 0, 2, 4, 8, or 10\u2009mg\/kg zymosan and then irradiated with 7\u2009Gy X-rays. The survival rate, organ index were evaluated. The protective effect of zymosan against radiation in vivo was compared to that of 10\u2009mg\/kg LPS a positive control\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The viability and apoptosis of cells treated with different doses and treatment times of zymosan were not different from those of control cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Furthermore, cell viability and apoptosis were clearly improved after zymosan preadministration (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The radioprotective effect of zymosan was dose-dependent. In addition, the viability of cells pretreated with zymosan was higher than that of cells pretreated with LPS, and the apoptosis rate of zymosan-treated cells was lower than that of cells pretreated with LPS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In vivo\n                      <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                      weight, the spleen index and the thymus index were significantly decreased by zymosan at a concentration of 20\u2009mg\/kg (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further experiments showed that the concentration at which zymosan exerted radioprotective effects was 10\u2009mg\/kg. The survival curves in the irradiated rats were barely separated between the LPS treatment and zymosan treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Zymosan administration before radiation exposure significantly increased cell viability and the survival rates of rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-021-00482-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T06:02:54Z","timestamp":1615960974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Preliminary study of the toxicity and radioprotective effects of zymosan in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yue-zhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-jing","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-zhen","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3647-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han-chen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"482_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.59.7.428","volume":"59","author":"MK Lim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lim MK. 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