{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T15:09:31Z","timestamp":1783091371110,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j. immunotherapy cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T00:20:03Z","timestamp":1545870003000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["A severe case of refractory esophageal stenosis induced by nivolumab and responding to tocilizumab therapy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Horisberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"La Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Zurcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Spertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Coukos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Obeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"481_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.53.0105","volume":"32","author":"SL Topalian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Topalian SL, Sznol M, McDermott DF, Kluger HM, Carvajal RD, Sharfman WH, Brahmer JR, Lawrence DP, Atkins MB, Powderly JD, et al. Survival, durable tumor remission, and long-term safety in patients with advanced melanoma receiving nivolumab. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(10):1020\u201330.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"17","key":"481_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507643","volume":"373","author":"H Borghaei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borghaei H, Paz-Ares L, Horn L, Spigel DR, Steins M, Ready NE, Chow LQ, Vokes EE, Felip E, Holgado E, et al. Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(17):1627\u201339.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"481_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2762","volume":"14","author":"T Okazaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okazaki T, Chikuma S, Iwai Y, Fagarasan S, Honjo T. A rheostat for immune responses: the unique properties of PD-1 and their advantages for clinical application. Nat Immunol. 2013;14(12):1212\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"481_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1703481","volume":"378","author":"MA Postow","year":"2018","unstructured":"Postow MA, Sidlow R, Hellmann MD. Immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(2):158\u201368.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"481_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466","volume":"363","author":"FS Hodi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hodi FS, O'Day SJ, McDermott DF, Weber RW, Sosman JA, Haanen JB, Gonzalez R, Robert C, Schadendorf D, Hassel JC, et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(8):711\u201323.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"481_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1136","volume":"22","author":"M Freeman-Keller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freeman-Keller M, Kim Y, Cronin H, Richards A, Gibney G, Weber JS. Nivolumab in resected and Unresectable metastatic melanoma: characteristics of immune-related adverse events and association with outcomes. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(4):886\u201394.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"481_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.2017.57","volume":"4","author":"J Boike","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boike J, Dejulio T. Severe esophagitis and gastritis from Nivolumab therapy. ACG Case Rep J. 2017;4:e57.","journal-title":"ACG Case Rep J"},{"issue":"1","key":"481_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0332-z","volume":"6","author":"FZ Acero Brand","year":"2018","unstructured":"Acero Brand FZ, Suter N, Adam JP, Faulques B, Maietta A, Soulieres D, Blais N. Severe immune mucositis and esophagitis in metastatic squamous carcinoma of the larynx associated with pembrolizumab. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):22.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"481_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.07.018","volume":"11","author":"T Zander","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zander T, Aebi S, Rast AC, Zander A, Winterhalder R, Brand C, Diebold J, Gautschi O. Response to Pembrolizumab in a patient with relapsing Thymoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2016;11(12):e147\u20139.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"481_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109401104","volume":"94","author":"DR Camidge","year":"2001","unstructured":"Camidge DR. The causes of dysphagia in carcinoma of the lung. J R Soc Med. 2001;94(11):567\u201372.","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"481_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0429-4","volume":"6","author":"J Ghosn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ghosn J, Vicino A, Michielin O, Coukos G, Kuntzer T, Obeid M. A severe case of neuro-Sjogren's syndrome induced by pembrolizumab. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):110.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"19","key":"481_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1510665","volume":"373","author":"RJ Motzer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Motzer RJ, Escudier B, McDermott DF, George S, Hammers HJ, Srinivas S, Tykodi SS, Sosman JA, Procopio G, Plimack ER, et al. Nivolumab versus Everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(19):1803\u201313.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7528","key":"481_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13954","volume":"515","author":"PC Tumeh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tumeh PC, Harview CL, Yearley JH, Shintaku IP, Taylor EJ, Robert L, Chmielowski B, Spasic M, Henry G, Ciobanu V, et al. PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance. Nature. 2014;515(7528):568\u201371.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"481_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-016-0011-0","volume":"3","author":"MW Hall","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hall MW, Singh N, Ng KF, Lam DK, Goldberg MB, Tenenbaum HC, Neufeld JD, GB R, Senadheera DB. Inter-personal diversity and temporal dynamics of dental, tongue, and salivary microbiota in the healthy oral cavity. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2017;3:2.","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"issue":"6","key":"481_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01693","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01693-15","volume":"6","author":"E Zaura","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zaura E, Brandt BW, Teixeira de Mattos MJ, Buijs MJ, Caspers MP, Rashid MU, Weintraub A, Nord CE, Savell A, Hu Y, et al. Same exposure but two radically different responses to antibiotics: resilience of the salivary microbiome versus long-term microbial shifts in feces. MBio. 2015;6(6):e01693\u201315.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"6361","key":"481_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4526","volume":"358","author":"K Atarashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atarashi K, Suda W, Luo C, Kawaguchi T, Motoo I, Narushima S, Kiguchi Y, Yasuma K, Watanabe E, Tanoue T, et al. Ectopic colonization of oral bacteria in the intestine drives TH1 cell induction and inflammation. Sci. 2017;358(6361):359\u201365.","journal-title":"Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"481_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.01.008","volume":"26","author":"DT Fisher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fisher DT, Appenheimer MM, Evans SS. The two faces of IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment. Semin Immunol. 2014;26(1):38\u201347.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"481_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149185","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/149185","volume":"2014","author":"G Landskron","year":"2014","unstructured":"Landskron G, De la Fuente M, Thuwajit P, Thuwajit C, Hermoso MA. Chronic inflammation and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:149185.","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"481_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5011","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-0118","volume":"78","author":"H Tsukamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsukamoto H, Fujieda K, Miyashita A, Fukushima S, Ikeda T, Kubo Y, Senju S, Ihn H, Nishimura Y, Oshiumi H. Combined blockade of IL6 and PD-1\/PD-L1 signaling abrogates mutual regulation of their immunosuppressive effects in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res. 2018;78(17):5011\u201322.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"481_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-311585","volume":"67","author":"TA Mace","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mace TA, Shakya R, Pitarresi JR, Swanson B, McQuinn CW, Loftus S, Nordquist E, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Yu L, Young G, et al. IL-6 and PD-L1 antibody blockade combination therapy reduces tumour progression in murine models of pancreatic cancer. Gut. 2018;67(2):320\u201332.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"10","key":"481_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13330","volume":"108","author":"Y Ohno","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ohno Y, Toyoshima Y, Yurino H, Monma N, Xiang H, Sumida K, Kaneumi S, Terada S, Hashimoto S, Ikeo K, et al. Lack of interleukin-6 in the tumor microenvironment augments type-1 immunity and increases the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Sci. 2017;108(10):1959\u201366.","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"481_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stroud CR, Hegde A, Cherry C, Naqash AR, Sharma N, Addepalli S, Cherukuri S, Parent T, Hardin J, Walker P: Tocilizumab for the management of immune mediated adverse events secondary to PD-1 blockade. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2017:1078155217745144.","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155217745144"},{"issue":"1","key":"481_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130301","volume":"211","author":"R Ramesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramesh R, Kozhaya L, McKevitt K, Djuretic IM, Carlson TJ, Quintero MA, McCauley JL, Abreu MT, Unutmaz D, Sundrud MS. Pro-inflammatory human Th17 cells selectively express P-glycoprotein and are refractory to glucocorticoids. J Exp Med. 2014;211(1):89\u2013104.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"7090","key":"481_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04753","volume":"441","author":"E Bettelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bettelli E, Carrier Y, Gao W, Korn T, Strom TB, Oukka M, Weiner HL, Kuchroo VK. Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector TH17 and regulatory T cells. Nature. 2006;441(7090):235\u20138.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"481_CR25","unstructured":"Martins F, Sykiotis G, M. M, M. F, C. R, T. K, O. M, S. P, G. C, F. S et al: New therapeutic perspectives to manage refractory immune checkpoint-related toxicities. Lancet Oncol. 2018, In press."},{"issue":"5","key":"481_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1093722","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2015.1093722","volume":"5","author":"BE Lippitz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lippitz BE, Harris RA. Cytokine patterns in cancer patients: a review of the correlation between interleukin 6 and prognosis. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(5):e1093722.","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"481_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.274","volume":"117","author":"AM Hopkins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hopkins AM, Rowland A, Kichenadasse G, Wiese MD, Gurney H, McKinnon RA, Karapetis CS, Sorich MJ. Predicting response and toxicity to immune checkpoint inhibitors using routinely available blood and clinical markers. Br J Cancer. 2017;117(7):913\u201320.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"481_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv623","volume":"27","author":"S Champiat","year":"2016","unstructured":"Champiat S, Lambotte O, Barreau E, Belkhir R, Berdelou A, Carbonnel F, Cauquil C, Chanson P, Collins M, Durrbach A, et al. Management of immune checkpoint blockade dysimmune toxicities: a collaborative position paper. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(4):559\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"481_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw181","volume":"27","author":"G Manson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Manson G, Norwood J, Marabelle A, Kohrt H, Houot R. Biomarkers associated with checkpoint inhibitors. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(7):1199\u2013206.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"481_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1452-4","volume":"16","author":"MF Gowen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gowen MF, Giles KM, Simpson D, Tchack J, Zhou H, Moran U, Dawood Z, Pavlick AC, Hu S, Wilson MA, et al. Baseline antibody profiles predict toxicity in melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Transl Med. 2018;16(1):82.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T17:43:20Z","timestamp":1601055800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jitc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0481-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-1426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-1426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 December 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Yes","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"156"}}