{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T22:50:07Z","timestamp":1773528607154,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This study was supported by the Science and Technology Agency of Yiwu City, China","award":["Grant #2019-3-119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #2019-3-119"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Otolaryngology - Head &amp; Neck Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> We evaluated microwave ablation (MWA) for treatment of idiopathic recurrent anterior epistaxis (RAE) in children, in terms of technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p> A prospective pilot case series. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p> Tertiary university hospital. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Children with idiopathic RAE were treated with endoscopic MWA and reevaluated at 1 and 4\u2009weeks and at 6\u2009months thereafter. The primary outcome was successful hemostasis on the day of the procedure. Secondary outcomes were the rebleeding rates after 1 and 4\u2009weeks, and 6\u2009months, and any complications. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Of the 92 children with idiopathic RAE who met the inclusion criteria, the operation was interrupted in 7 children due to intraoperative noncooperation, and silver nitrate cautery was performed instead. All procedures were completed, and hemostasis was achieved within 10\u201320\u2009s by MWA in 85 children. Two to four ablations were conducted. No recurrent epistaxis occurred and no severe MWA -related complications, such as septal perforation or synechiae formation, were observed at the 6-month follow-up. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> Endoscopic MWA is a feasible and safe technique for the treatment of idiopathic pediatric RAE in the clinical setting, especially those cases that do not respond to in-office chemical cautery. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-019-0393-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T13:02:53Z","timestamp":1576674173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hemostasis of idiopathic recurrent epistaxis in children with microwave ablation: A prospective pilot case series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1085-9033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng-cai","family":"Lou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, YiWu central Hospital, 699 Jiangdong Road, Yiwu city, 322000, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815589583"},{"key":"bibr2-s40463-019-0393-0","volume":"9","author":"Qureishi A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr3-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.06.023"},{"key":"bibr4-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.5991"},{"key":"bibr5-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215111001733"},{"key":"bibr6-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.1999.00311.x"},{"key":"bibr7-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.10.035"},{"key":"bibr8-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2007.10.001"},{"key":"bibr9-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.02.013"},{"key":"bibr10-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S151219"},{"key":"bibr11-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2017.1388929"},{"key":"bibr12-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.01.003"},{"key":"bibr13-s40463-019-0393-0","first-page":"1","author":"Lou Z-C","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"bibr14-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2018.1552016"},{"key":"bibr15-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80532-8"},{"key":"bibr16-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.6.3.233"},{"key":"bibr17-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.03.003"},{"key":"bibr18-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26010"},{"key":"bibr19-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2015.09.015"},{"key":"bibr20-s40463-019-0393-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(98)90036-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Otolaryngology - Head &amp; 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