{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:48:42Z","timestamp":1788274122193,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de l'Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","award":["FRCHIR 19-01."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRCHIR 19-01."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Otolaryngology - Head &amp; Neck Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Obstructive sleep apnea frequently persists in children following adenotonsillectomy, which is the first-line treatment recommended for obstructive sleep apnea with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a diagnostic tool increasingly used to assess pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, but its use has not been standardized. The overarching goal of this study was to document the current practice of Canadian otolaryngologists managing this population. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> A nation-wide online cross-sectional survey of Canadian otolaryngologist members of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery and the Association d'otorhinolaryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale du Qu\u00e9bec. The 58-question electronic survey was developed based on a validated survey redaction guide with the aim to assess management and treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, as well as indications and performance of DISE. Consensus on practice items was defined by a minimum of 75% similar answers. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> One hundred and nine Canadian otolaryngologists completed the survey on management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, among which 12 of them completed the questions on DISE. Overall, there was a poor rate of agreement of 55% among the respondents for the 58 questions altogether. There was a consensus to assess pediatric obstructive sleep apnea clinically\u2009\u00b1\u2009with videos (82.6%), to assess adenotonsillar hypertrophy clinically (93.6%) and with flexible scope in the office (80.7%), as well as for the airway sites examined endoscopically during DISE. However, there was no consensus regarding anesthetic protocol and scoring system. DISE was mostly performed in cases of persistent obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy rather than before performing any surgical procedure. There was no difference in the management of obstructive sleep apnea between otolaryngologists who perform DISE and those who do not. The only difference between otolaryngologists who practice in community centers versus in tertiary care centers was the more frequently use of the Brodsky tonsil scale by the latter ones. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> This Canadian-wide survey highlighted a lack of consensus in the management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea and DISE. Certain aspects regarding DISE remain unclear, including establishment of its ideal timing in order to eventually avoid unnecessary tonsillectomies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-021-00539-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T14:04:03Z","timestamp":1630418643000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Management of obstructive sleep apnea in children: A Canada-wide survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Cousineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, CIUSSSE-CHUS \u2013 580 rue Bowen Sud, J1G 2E8, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.-S.","family":"Pr\u00e9vost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, CIUSSSE-CHUS \u2013 580 rue Bowen Sud, J1G 2E8, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.-C.","family":"Battista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gervais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, CIUSSSE-CHUS \u2013 580 rue Bowen Sud, J1G 2E8, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599810389949"},{"key":"bibr2-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1672"},{"key":"bibr3-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.01.043"},{"key":"bibr4-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25979"},{"key":"bibr5-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00777.x"},{"key":"bibr6-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLG.0000216413.22408.FD"},{"key":"bibr7-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23709"},{"key":"bibr8-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26091"},{"key":"bibr9-s40463-021-00539-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.080372"},{"key":"bibr10-s40463-021-00539-5","unstructured":"Canadian Medical Association. 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