{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T01:07:21Z","timestamp":1793840841792,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016-00906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-00906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-0383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-0383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011898","name":"Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2015.0125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015.0125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Strategic Research Area MultiPark at Lund University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-939932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-939932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2021-0293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2021-0293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008444","name":"Parkinsonfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1280\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1280\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008444","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006129","name":"Konung Gustaf V:s och Drottning Victorias Frimurarestiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-O000028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-O000028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Regionalt Forskningsst\u00f6d","award":["2020-0314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-0314"]}]},{"name":"Swedish federal government under the ALF agreement","award":["2018-Projekt0279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-Projekt0279"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 NS072026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 NS072026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG19610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG19610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG072980"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG072980"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007306","name":"Arizona Department of Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["contract 211002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["contract 211002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008335","name":"Arizona Biomedical Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["contracts 4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["contracts 4001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008335","name":"Arizona Biomedical Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008335","name":"Arizona Biomedical Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["05-901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["05-901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008335","name":"Arizona Biomedical Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003252","name":"Lund University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["acta neuropathol commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Currently, there is a need for diagnostic markers in Lewy body disorders (LBD). \u03b1-synuclein (\u03b1Syn) RT-QuIC has emerged as a promising assay to detect misfolded \u03b1Syn in clinically or neuropathologically established patients with various synucleinopathies. In this study, \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC was used to analyze lumbar CSF in a clinical cohort from the Swedish BioFINDER study and postmortem ventricular CSF in a neuropathological cohort from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders\/Brain and Body Donation Program (AZSAND\/BBDP). The BioFINDER cohort included 64 PD\/PDD, 15 MSA, 15 PSP, 47 controls and two controls who later converted to PD\/DLB. The neuropathological cohort included 101 cases with different brain disorders, including LBD and controls. In the BioFINDER cohort \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC identified LBD (i.e. PD, PDD and converters) vs. controls with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 83%. The two controls that converted to LBD were \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC positive. Within the AZSAND\/BBDP cohort, \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC identified neuropathologically verified \"standard LBD\" (i.e. PD, PD with AD and DLB; n\u2009=\u200925) vs. no LB pathology (n\u2009=\u200953) with high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (94%). Only 57% were \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC positive in the subgroup with \"non-standard\" LBD (i.e., AD with Lewy Bodies not meeting criteria for DLB or PD, and incidental LBD, n\u2009=\u200923)\n                    <jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Furthermore, \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC reliably identified cases with LB pathology in the cortex (97% sensitivity) vs. cases with no LBs or LBs present only in the olfactory bulb (93% specificity). However, the sensitivity was low, only 50%, for cases with LB pathology restricted to the brainstem or amygdala, not affecting the allocortex or neocortex. In conclusion, \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC of CSF samples is highly sensitive and specific for identifying cases with clinicopathologically-defined Lewy body disorders and shows a lower sensitivity for non-standard LBD or asymptomatic LBD or in cases with modest LB pathology not affecting the cortex\n                    <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T09:03:10Z","timestamp":1655888590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Performance of \u03b1Synuclein RT-QuIC in relation to neuropathological staging of Lewy body disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6585-9105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Orr\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geidy E.","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Galasko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Hughson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley R.","family":"Groveman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Beach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byron","family":"Caughey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1388_CR1","unstructured":"(1997) Consensus recommendations for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The National Institute on Aging, and Reagan Institute Working Group on Diagnostic Criteria for the Neuropathological Assessment of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurobiol Aging 18: S1\u20132"},{"key":"1388_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000641","volume":"83","author":"CH Adler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adler CH, Beach TG, Hentz JG, Shill HA, Caviness JN, Driver-Dunckley E et al (2014) Low clinical diagnostic accuracy of early vs advanced Parkinson disease: clinicopathologic study. Neurology 83:406\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000641","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e414","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000001016","volume":"11","author":"CH Adler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adler CH, Beach TG, Zhang N, Shill HA, Driver-Dunckley E, Mehta SH et al (2021) Clinical diagnostic accuracy of early\/advanced parkinson disease: an updated clinicopathologic study. Neurol Clin Pract 11:e414\u2013e421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000001016","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"1388_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1110-0","volume":"126","author":"SJ Arnold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arnold SJ, Dugger BN, Beach TG (2013) TDP-43 deposition in prospectively followed, cognitively normal elderly individuals: correlation with argyrophilic grains but not other concomitant pathologies. Acta Neuropathol 126:51\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-013-1110-0","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1388_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01175-w","volume":"9","author":"C Bargar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bargar C, Wang W, Gunzler SA, LeFevre A, Wang Z, Lerner AJ et al (2021) Streamlined alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC assay for various biospecimens in Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Acta Neuropathol Commun 9:62. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-021-01175-w","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1388_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20192193","author":"F Bassil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bassil F, Meymand ES, Brown HJ, Xu H, Cox TO, Pattabhiraman S et al (2021) alpha-Synuclein modulates tau spreading in mouse brains. J Exp Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20192193","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1388_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27485","volume":"33","author":"TG Beach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beach TG, Adler CH (2018) Importance of low diagnostic Accuracy for early Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 33:1551\u20131554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.27485","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0538-8","volume":"117","author":"TG Beach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beach TG, Adler CH, Lue L, Sue LI, Bachalakuri J, Henry-Watson J et al (2009) Unified staging system for Lewy body disorders: correlation with nigrostriatal degeneration, cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction. Acta Neuropathol 117:613\u2013634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-009-0538-8","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1388_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12189","volume":"35","author":"TG Beach","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beach TG, Adler CH, Sue LI, Serrano G, Shill HA, Walker DG et al (2015) Arizona study of aging and neurodegenerative disorders and brain and body donation program. Neuropathology 35:354\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/neup.12189","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"1388_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201213","volume":"79","author":"TG Beach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beach TG, Malek-Ahmadi M (2021) Alzheimer\u2019s Disease neuropathological comorbidities are common in the younger-old. J Alzheimers Dis 79:389\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-201213","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1388_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-008-9067-2","volume":"9","author":"TG Beach","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beach TG, Sue LI, Walker DG, Roher AE, Lue L, Vedders L et al (2008) The sun health research institute brain donation program: description and experience, 1987\u20132007. Cell Tissue Bank 9:229\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10561-008-9067-2","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Bank"},{"key":"1388_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26431","volume":"30","author":"D Berg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Berg D, Postuma RB, Adler CH, Bloem BR, Chan P, Dubois B et al (2015) MDS research criteria for prodromal Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 30:1600\u20131611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.26431","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.4","volume":"6","author":"K Blennow","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blennow K, Hampel H, Weiner M, Zetterberg H (2010) Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol 6:131\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.4","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50897","volume":"6","author":"M Bongianni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bongianni M, Ladogana A, Capaldi S, Klotz S, Baiardi S, Cagnin A et al (2019) alpha-Synuclein RT-QuIC assay in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 6:2120\u20132126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acn3.50897","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809","volume":"82","author":"H Braak","year":"1991","unstructured":"Braak H, Braak E (1991) Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes. Acta Neuropathol 82:239\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00308809","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1388_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-132708","volume":"41","author":"S Brandner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brandner S, Thaler C, Lelental N, Buchfelder M, Kleindienst A, Maler JM et al (2014) Ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus and posttraumatic hydrocephalus. J Alzheimers Dis 41:1057\u20131062. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-132708","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1388_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1159\/000352032","volume":"70","author":"S Brandner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brandner S, Thaler C, Lewczuk P, Lelental N, Buchfelder M, Kleindienst A (2013) Neuroprotein dynamics in the cerebrospinal fluid: intraindividual concomitant ventricular and lumbar measurements. Eur Neurol 70:189\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000352032","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01276-6","volume":"9","author":"K Brockmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brockmann K, Quadalti C, Lerche S, Rossi M, Wurster I, Baiardi S et al (2021) Association between CSF alpha-synuclein seeding activity and genetic status in Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Acta Neuropathol Commun 9:175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-021-01276-6","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1388_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aam6003","author":"AS Chen-Plotkin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen-Plotkin AS, Albin R, Alcalay R, Babcock D, Bajaj V, Bowman D et al (2018) Finding useful biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Sci Transl Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aam6003","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"1388_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4377","volume":"76","author":"E De Pablo-Fernandez","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Pablo-Fernandez E, Lees AJ, Holton JL, Warner TT (2019) Prognosis and neuropathologic correlation of clinical subtypes of parkinson disease. JAMA Neurol 76:470\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4377","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1388_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.07.033","volume":"46","author":"DW Dickson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dickson DW (2018) Neuropathology of Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 46(Suppl 1):S30\u2013S33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.07.033","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a009258","author":"DW Dickson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dickson DW (2012) Parkinson\u2019s disease and parkinsonism: neuropathology. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a009258","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"1388_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/61.11.935","volume":"61","author":"DW Dickson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dickson DW, Bergeron C, Chin SS, Duyckaerts C, Horoupian D, Ikeda K et al (2002) Office of rare diseases neuropathologic criteria for corticobasal degeneration. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 61:935\u2013946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/61.11.935","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70238-8","volume":"8","author":"DW Dickson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dickson DW, Braak H, Duda JE, Duyckaerts C, Gasser T, Halliday GM et al (2009) Neuropathological assessment of Parkinson\u2019s disease: refining the diagnostic criteria. Lancet Neurol 8:1150\u20131157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70238-8","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Emre M, Aarsland D, Brown R, Burn DJ, Duyckaerts C, Mizuno Y et al (2007) Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 22: 1689\u20131707; quiz 1837 Doi https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.21507","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21507"},{"key":"1388_CR26","unstructured":"Fahn S ER (1987) UPDRS Program Members. Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale. In: Fahn S, Marsden CD, Goldstein M, Calne DB (ed) Recent Developments in Parkinson's Disease. Florham Park, NJ: Macmillan Healthcare Information, pp 153\u2013163"},{"key":"1388_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.338","volume":"3","author":"G Fairfoul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fairfoul G, McGuire LI, Pal S, Ironside JW, Neumann J, Christie S et al (2016) Alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC in the CSF of patients with alpha-synucleinopathies. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 3:812\u2013818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acn3.338","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1388_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.1.33","volume":"56","author":"DJ Gelb","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gelb DJ, Oliver E, Gilman S (1999) Diagnostic criteria for Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 56:33\u201339","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(98)00304-9","volume":"163","author":"S Gilman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gilman S, Low PA, Quinn N, Albanese A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Fowler CJ et al (1999) Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci 163:94\u201398","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"1388_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","volume":"71","author":"S Gilman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA, Brooks DJ, Mathias CJ, Trojanowski JQ et al (2008) Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 71:670\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0508-2","volume":"6","author":"BR Groveman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Groveman BR, Orru CD, Hughson AG, Raymond LD, Zanusso G, Ghetti B et al (2018) Rapid and ultra-sensitive quantitation of disease-associated alpha-synuclein seeds in brain and cerebrospinal fluid by alphaSyn RT-QuIC. Acta Neuropathol Commun 6:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-018-0508-2","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1388_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.1654","volume":"69","author":"S Hall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hall S, Ohrfelt A, Constantinescu R, Andreasson U, Surova Y, Bostrom F et al (2012) Accuracy of a panel of 5 cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of patients with dementia and\/or parkinsonian disorders. Arch Neurol 69:1445\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneurol.2012.1654","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001098","volume":"84","author":"S Hall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall S, Surova Y, Ohrfelt A, Zetterberg H, Lindqvist D, Hansson O (2015) CSF biomarkers and clinical progression of Parkinson disease. Neurology 84:57\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001098","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.05.008","volume":"14","author":"O Hansson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hansson O, Mikulskis A, Fagan AM, Teunissen C, Zetterberg H, Vanderstichele H et al (2018) The impact of preanalytical variables on measuring cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis: a review. Alzheimers Dement 14:1313\u20131333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.05.008","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"1388_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.44.11.2015","volume":"44","author":"JJ Hauw","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hauw JJ, Daniel SE, Dickson D, Horoupian DS, Jellinger K, Lantos PL et al (1994) Preliminary NINDS neuropathologic criteria for Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome (progressive supranuclear palsy). Neurology 44:2015\u20132019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.44.11.2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427","volume":"17","author":"MM Hoehn","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hoehn MM, Yahr MD (1967) Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 17:427\u2013442","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26987","volume":"32","author":"GU Hoglinger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hoglinger GU, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Kurz C, Josephs KA, Lang AE et al (2017) Clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy: the movement disorder society criteria. Mov Disord 32:853\u2013864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.26987","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","volume":"8","author":"BT Hyman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hyman BT, Phelps CH, Beach TG, Bigio EH, Cairns NJ, Carrillo MC et al (2012) National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement 8:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"1388_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30449-X","volume":"20","author":"A Iranzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iranzo A, Fairfoul G, Ayudhaya ACN, Serradell M, Gelpi E, Vilaseca I et al (2021) Detection of alpha-synuclein in CSF by RT-QuIC in patients with isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: a longitudinal observational study. Lancet Neurol 20:203\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30449-X","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30291-5","volume":"16","author":"DJ Irwin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Irwin DJ, Grossman M, Weintraub D, Hurtig HI, Duda JE, Xie SX et al (2017) Neuropathological and genetic correlates of survival and dementia onset in synucleinopathies: a retrospective analysis. Lancet Neurol 16:55\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30291-5","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28011","volume":"35","author":"M Jecmenica Lukic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jecmenica Lukic M, Kurz C, Respondek G, Grau-Rivera O, Compta Y, Gelpi E et al (2020) Copathology in progressive supranuclear palsy: does it matter? Mov Disord 35:984\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.28011","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1821-9","volume":"125","author":"KA Jellinger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jellinger KA (2018) Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson\u2019s disease-dementia: current concepts and controversies. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 125:615\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-017-1821-9","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"1388_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27646","volume":"34","author":"UJ Kang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kang UJ, Boehme AK, Fairfoul G, Shahnawaz M, Ma TC, Hutten SJ et al (2019) Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein seeding aggregation assays for diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 34:536\u2013544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.27646","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1388_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001807","volume":"85","author":"S Koga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koga S, Aoki N, Uitti RJ, van Gerpen JA, Cheshire WP, Josephs KA et al (2015) When DLB, PD, and PSP masquerade as MSA: an autopsy study of 134 patients. Neurology 85:404\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001807","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12839","volume":"30","author":"S Koga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koga S, Li F, Zhao N, Roemer SF, Ferman TJ, Wernick AI et al (2020) Clinicopathologic and genetic features of multiple system atrophy with Lewy body disease. Brain Pathol 30:766\u2013778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bpa.12839","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"1388_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.1.1","volume":"47","author":"I Litvan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Litvan I, Agid Y, Calne D, Campbell G, Dubois B, Duvoisin RC et al (1996) Clinical research criteria for the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome): report of the NINDS-SPSP international workshop. Neurology 47:1\u20139","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-022-00283-4","volume":"11","author":"I Martinez-Valbuena","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martinez-Valbuena I, Visanji NP, Kim A, Lau HHC, So RWL, Alshimemeri S et al (2022) Alpha-synuclein seeding shows a wide heterogeneity in multiple system atrophy. Transl Neurodegener 11:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40035-022-00283-4","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"1388_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1","volume":"65","author":"IG McKeith","year":"2005","unstructured":"McKeith IG, Dickson DW, Lowe J, Emre M, O\u2019Brien JT, Feldman H et al (2005) Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology 65:1863\u20131872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.41.4.479","volume":"41","author":"SS Mirra","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mirra SS, Heyman A, McKeel D, Sumi SM, Crain BJ, Brownlee LM et al (1991) The consortium to establish a registry for alzheimer\u2019s disease (CERAD). Part II. Standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurology 41:479\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.41.4.479","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70014-X","volume":"10","author":"B Mollenhauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mollenhauer B, Locascio JJ, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Sixel-Doring F, Trenkwalder C, Schlossmacher MG (2011) alpha-Synuclein and tau concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients presenting with parkinsonism: a cohort study. Lancet Neurol 10:230\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70014-X","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51280","volume":"8","author":"CD Orru","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orru CD, Ma TC, Hughson AG, Groveman BR, Srivastava A, Galasko D et al (2021) A rapid alpha-synuclein seed assay of Parkinson\u2019s disease CSF panel shows high diagnostic accuracy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 8:374\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acn3.51280","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30024-9","volume":"18","author":"L Parnetti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parnetti L, Gaetani L, Eusebi P, Paciotti S, Hansson O, El-Agnaf O et al (2019) CSF and blood biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Lancet Neurol 18:573\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30024-9","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-2839-5","volume":"373","author":"W Peelaerts","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peelaerts W, Bousset L, Baekelandt V, Melki R (2018) a-Synuclein strains and seeding in Parkinson\u2019s disease, incidental Lewy body disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy: similarities and differences. Cell Tissue Res 373:195\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-018-2839-5","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"1388_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0104-4","volume":"557","author":"C Peng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peng C, Gathagan RJ, Covell DJ, Medellin C, Stieber A, Robinson JL et al (2018) Cellular milieu imparts distinct pathological alpha-synuclein strains in alpha-synucleinopathies. Nature 557:558\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0104-4","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1388_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0333-7","volume":"16","author":"C Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng C, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2020) Protein transmission in neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol 16:199\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41582-020-0333-7","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perra D, Bongianni M, Novi G, Janes F, Bessi V, Capaldi S et al (2021) Alpha-synuclein seeds in olfactory mucosa and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. Brain Commun 3: fcab045, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab045","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab045"},{"key":"1388_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002350","volume":"86","author":"G Rizzo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rizzo G, Copetti M, Arcuti S, Martino D, Fontana A, Logroscino G (2016) Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 86:566\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002350","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy146","volume":"141","author":"JL Robinson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Robinson JL, Lee EB, Xie SX, Rennert L, Suh E, Bredenberg C et al (2018) Neurodegenerative disease concomitant proteinopathies are prevalent, age-related and APOE4-associated. Brain 141:2181\u20132193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awy146","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1388_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e930","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012438","volume":"97","author":"M Rossi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rossi M, Baiardi S, Teunissen CE, Quadalti C, van de Beek M, Mammana A et al (2021) Diagnostic value of the CSF alpha-synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion assay at the prodromal MCI stage of dementia with lewy bodies. Neurology 97:e930\u2013e940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012438","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02160-8","volume":"140","author":"M Rossi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rossi M, Candelise N, Baiardi S, Capellari S, Giannini G, Orru CD et al (2020) Ultrasensitive RT-QuIC assay with high sensitivity and specificity for Lewy body-associated synucleinopathies. Acta Neuropathol 140:49\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-020-02160-8","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1388_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01282-8","volume":"9","author":"MJ Russo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Russo MJ, Orru CD, Concha-Marambio L, Giaisi S, Groveman BR, Farris CM et al (2021) High diagnostic performance of independent alpha-synuclein seed amplification assays for detection of early Parkinson\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 9:179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-021-01282-8","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1388_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8820-4_2","volume":"1873","author":"E Saijo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saijo E, Groveman BR, Kraus A, Metrick M, Orru CD, Hughson AG et al (2019) Ultrasensitive RT-QuIC seed amplification assays for disease-associated tau, alpha-synuclein, and prion aggregates. Methods Mol Biol 1873:19\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-8820-4_2","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"1388_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181990438","volume":"72","author":"AH Schapira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schapira AH (2009) Molecular and clinical pathways to neuroprotection of dopaminergic drugs in Parkinson disease. Neurology 72:S44-50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181990438","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1388_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlw026","volume":"75","author":"A Serrano-Pozo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Serrano-Pozo A, Qian J, Muzikansky A, Monsell SE, Montine TJ, Frosch MP et al (2016) Thal amyloid stages do not significantly impact the correlation between neuropathological change and cognition in the alzheimer disease continuum. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 75:516\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/nlw026","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-1984-7","volume":"578","author":"M Shahnawaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shahnawaz M, Mukherjee A, Pritzkow S, Mendez N, Rabadia P, Liu X et al (2020) Discriminating alpha-synuclein strains in Parkinson\u2019s disease and multiple system atrophy. Nature 578:273\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-1984-7","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1388_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.06.017","volume":"191","author":"AH Simonsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Simonsen AH, Bech S, Laursen I, Salvesen L, Winge K, Waldemar G et al (2010) Proteomic investigations of the ventriculo-lumbar gradient in human CSF. J Neurosci Methods 191:244\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.06.017","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"1388_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26089","volume":"89","author":"W Singer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singer W, Schmeichel AM, Shahnawaz M, Schmelzer JD, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL et al (2021) Alpha-synuclein oligomers and neurofilament light chain predict phenoconversion of pure autonomic failure. Ann Neurol 89:1212\u20131220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.26089","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02157-3","volume":"139","author":"A Van der Perren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van der Perren A, Gelders G, Fenyi A, Bousset L, Brito F, Peelaerts W et al (2020) The structural differences between patient-derived alpha-synuclein strains dictate characteristics of Parkinson\u2019s disease, multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies. Acta Neuropathol 139:977\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-020-02157-3","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1388_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25447","volume":"85","author":"A van Rumund","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Rumund A, Green AJE, Fairfoul G, Esselink RAJ, Bloem BR, Verbeek MM (2019) alpha-Synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion in the cerebrospinal fluid of uncertain cases of parkinsonism. Ann Neurol 85:777\u2013781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.25447","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1388_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Z, Becker K, Donadio V, Siedlak S, Yuan J, Rezaee M et al (2020) Skin alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Seeding Activity as a Novel Biomarker for Parkinson Disease. JAMA Neurol, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.3311","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.3311"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropathologica Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T09:07:11Z","timestamp":1655888831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1388"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-022-01388-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2022.05.05.22274567","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2051-5960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-5960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"SH has no COIs. OH has acquired research support (for the institution) from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare, Pfizer, and Roche. In the past 2\u00a0years, he has received consultancy\/speaker fees from Amylyx, Alzpath, Biogen, Cerveau, Fujirebio, Genentech, Roche, and Siemens. BC, CDO, BRG, and AGH have patents pending that relate to various RT-QuIC assays. TGB has received consultancy fees from Vivid Genomics and Acadia Pharmaceuticals and TGB and GES have had research support from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals. CHA has received research support from the NIH, Michael J. Fox Foundation, and Arizona Biomedical Research Commission as well as consulting fees from Amneal, Avion, Cionic, CND Life Science, Eisai, Jazz, Neurocrine, and Precon Health. DG is supported by funding to the Shiley-Marcos ADRC at UC San Diego (NIH\/NIA P30-AG062429). DG has served as a consultant for Biogen, Roche, General Electric Healthcare, Fujirebio, Amprion, Generian and Cognition Therapeutics.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}],"article-number":"90"}}