{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:16:08Z","timestamp":1792826168644,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG062517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG062517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG072972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG072972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG062429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG062429"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50AG008702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50AG008702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG066462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG066462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["acta neuropathol commun"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cerebrovascular and \u03b1-synuclein pathologies are frequently observed alongside Alzheimer disease (AD). The heterogeneity of AD necessitates comprehensive approaches to postmortem studies, including the representation of historically underrepresented ethnic groups. In this cohort study, we evaluated small vessel disease pathologies and \u03b1-synuclein deposits among Hispanic decedents (HD, n\u2009=\u200992) and non-Hispanic White decedents (NHWD, n\u2009=\u2009184) from three Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Centers: Columbia University, University of California San Diego, and University of California Davis. The study included cases with a pathological diagnosis of Intermediate\/High AD based on the National Institute on Aging\u2013 Alzheimer\u2019s Association (NIA-AA) and\/or NIA-Reagan criteria. A 2:1 random comparison sample of NHWD was frequency-balanced and matched with HD by age and sex. An expert blinded to demographics and center origin evaluated arteriolosclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and Lewy bodies\/Lewy neurites (LBs\/LNs) with a semi-quantitative approach using established criteria. There were many similarities and a few differences among groups. HD showed more severe Vonsattel grading of CAA in the cerebellum (p\u2009=\u20090.04), higher CAA density in the posterior hippocampus and cerebellum (ps\u2009=\u20090.01), and increased LBs\/LNs density in the frontal (p\u2009=\u20090.01) and temporal cortices (p\u2009=\u20090.03), as determined by Wilcoxon\u2019s test. Ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, and center confirmed these findings except for LBs\/LNs in the temporal cortex. Results indicate HD with AD exhibit greater CAA and \u03b1-synuclein burdens in select neuroanatomic regions when compared to age- and sex-matched NHWD with AD. These findings aid in the generalizability of concurrent arteriolosclerosis, CAA, and LBs\/LNs topography and severity within the setting of pathologically confirmed AD, particularly in persons of Hispanic descent, showing many similarities and a few differences to those of NHW descent and providing insights into precision medicine approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T17:02:29Z","timestamp":1716570149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The neuropathological landscape of small vessel disease and Lewy pathology in a cohort of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White decedents with Alzheimer disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hsin-Pei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"Scalco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel","family":"Beckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"My-Le","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Z.","family":"Huie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence S.","family":"Honig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"DeCarli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Rissman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Teich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan M.","family":"Mungas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee-Way","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2141-8855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany N.","family":"Dugger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1773_CR1","unstructured":"(2023) ADRD Summit 2022 Report. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD"},{"key":"1773_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1717-7","volume":"134","author":"A Kapasi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kapasi A, DeCarli C, Schneider JA (2017) Impact of multiple pathologies on the threshold for clinically overt dementia. Acta Neuropathol 134:171\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-017-1717-7","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-199821001-00002","volume":"6","author":"HC Hendrie","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hendrie HC (1998) Epidemiology of dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 6:S3\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00019442-199821001-00002","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1773_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02397-x","volume":"143","author":"A Kapasi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kapasi A, Yu L, Petyuk V, Arfanakis K, Bennett DA, Schneider JA (2022) Association of small vessel disease with tau pathology. Acta Neuropathol 143:349\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-021-02397-x","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190687","volume":"73","author":"K Arfanakis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arfanakis K, Evia AM, Leurgans SE, Cardoso LFC, Kulkarni A, Alqam N, Lopes LF, Vieira D, Bennett DA, Schneider JA (2020) Neuropathologic Correlates of White Matter Hyperintensities in a community-based cohort of older adults. J Alzheimers Dis 73:333\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-190687","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1773_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.02.012","volume":"20","author":"BN Dugger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dugger BN, Adler CH, Shill HA, Caviness J, Jacobson S, Driver-Dunckley E, Beach TG, Arizona Parkinson\u2019s Disease C (2014) Concomitant pathologies among a spectrum of parkinsonian disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 20:525\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.02.012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"1773_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws234","volume":"135","author":"JA Schneider","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schneider JA, Arvanitakis Z, Yu L, Boyle PA, Leurgans SE, Bennett DA (2012) Cognitive impairment, decline and fluctuations in older community-dwelling subjects with Lewy bodies. Brain 135:3005\u20133014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/aws234","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1773_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nguyen ML, Huie EZ, Whitmer RA, George KM, Dugger BN (2022) Neuropathology studies of dementia in US persons other than non-hispanic whites. Free Neuropathol 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17879\/freeneuropathology-2022-3795","DOI":"10.17879\/freeneuropathology-2022-3795"},{"key":"1773_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww214","volume":"139","author":"OA Skrobot","year":"2016","unstructured":"Skrobot OA, Attems J, Esiri M, Hortobagyi T, Ironside JW, Kalaria RN, King A, Lammie GA, Mann D, Neal Jet al et al (2016) Vascular cognitive impairment neuropathology guidelines (VCING): the contribution of cerebrovascular pathology to cognitive impairment. Brain 139:2957\u20132969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/aww214","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1773_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30029-1","volume":"15","author":"Z Arvanitakis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arvanitakis Z, Capuano AW, Leurgans SE, Bennett DA, Schneider JA (2016) Relation of cerebral vessel disease to Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia and cognitive function in elderly people: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Neurol 15:934\u2013943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30029-1","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1773_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002175","volume":"85","author":"PA Boyle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boyle PA, Yu L, Nag S, Leurgans S, Wilson RS, Bennett DA, Schneider JA (2015) Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cognitive outcomes in community-based older persons. Neurology 85:1930\u20131936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002175","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1773_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ighodaro ET, Abner EL, Fardo DW, Lin AL, Katsumata Y, Schmitt FA, Kryscio RJ, Jicha GA, Neltner JH Monsell SE (2017) risk factors and global cognitive status related to brain arteriolosclerosis in elderly individuals. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 37: 201\u2013216 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X15621574","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15621574"},{"key":"1773_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-023-00640-5","volume":"18","author":"Y Inoue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Inoue Y, Shue F, Bu G, Kanekiyo T (2023) Pathophysiology and probable etiology of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener 18:46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-023-00640-5","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"1773_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103096","volume":"35","author":"C Morrison","year":"2022","unstructured":"Morrison C, Dadar M, Villeneuve S, Collins DL (2022) White matter lesions may be an early marker for age-related cognitive decline. Neuroimage Clin 35:103096. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103096","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"1773_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02235-6","volume":"141","author":"BL Blevins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blevins BL, Vinters HV, Love S, Wilcock DM, Grinberg LT, Schneider JA, Kalaria RN, Katsumata Y, Gold BT, Wang DJJ al (2021) Brain arteriolosclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 141:1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-020-02235-6","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31824e8e7f","volume":"78","author":"V Deramecourt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deramecourt V, Slade JY, Oakley AE, Perry RH, Ince PG, Maurage CA, Kalaria RN (2012) Staging and natural history of cerebrovascular pathology in dementia. Neurology 78:1043\u20131050. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31824e8e7f","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1773_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12769","volume":"30","author":"Y Hase","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hase Y, Polvikoski TM, Firbank MJ, Craggs LJL, Hawthorne E, Platten C, Stevenson W, Deramecourt V, Ballard C, Kenny RA al (2020) Small vessel disease pathological changes in neurodegenerative and vascular dementias concomitant with autonomic dysfunction. Brain Pathol 30:191\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bpa.12769","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"1773_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1571-z","volume":"131","author":"RN Kalaria","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kalaria RN (2016) Neuropathological diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment and vascular dementia with implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol 131:659\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-016-1571-z","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12003","volume":"39","author":"E Kovari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kovari E, Herrmann FR, Hof PR, Bouras C (2013) The relationship between cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cortical microinfarcts in brain ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 39:498\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nan.12003","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"1773_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.004","volume":"70","author":"S Magaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Magaki S, Tang Z, Tung S, Williams CK, Lo D, Yong WH, Khanlou N, Vinters HV (2018) The effects of cerebral amyloid angiopathy on integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Neurobiol Aging 70:70\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"1773_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.18.2.311","volume":"18","author":"HV Vinters","year":"1987","unstructured":"Vinters HV (1987) Cerebral amyloid angiopathy. A critical review. Stroke 18:311\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.18.2.311","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1773_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McKeith IG, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, Halliday G, Taylor JP, Weintraub D, Aarsland D, Galvin J, Attems J, Ballard CG et al (2017) Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology 89: 88\u2013100 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058"},{"key":"1773_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McKeith IG, Dickson DW, Lowe J, Emre M, O\u2019Brien JT, Feldman H, Cummings J, Duda JE, Lippa C Perry EK (2005) diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology 65: 1863\u20131872 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1"},{"key":"1773_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt274","volume":"6","author":"PC Donaghy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Donaghy PC, McKeith IG (2014) The clinical characteristics of dementia with Lewy bodies and a consideration of prodromal diagnosis. Alzheimers Res Ther 6:46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/alzrt274","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"1773_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen Y, Wilson L, Kornak J, Dudley RA, Merrilees J, Bonasera SJ, Byrne CM, Lee K, Chiong W, Miller BL et al (2019) The costs of dementia subtypes to California Medicare fee-for-service, 2015. Alzheimers Dement 15: 899\u2013906 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.03.015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.03.015"},{"key":"1773_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2022.2059978","volume":"38","author":"U Desai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Desai U, Chandler J, Kirson N, Georgieva M, Cheung HC, Westermeyer B, Lane H, Biglan K (2022) Epidemiology and economic burden of Lewy body dementia in the United States. Curr Med Res Opin 38:1177\u20131188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03007995.2022.2059978","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"1773_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e3181c72b5d","volume":"24","author":"JE Galvin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Galvin JE, Duda JE, Kaufer DI, Lippa CF, Taylor A, Zarit SH (2010) Lewy body dementia: caregiver burden and unmet needs. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 24:177\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WAD.0b013e3181c72b5d","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"1773_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00703-5","volume":"12","author":"JG Goldman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goldman JG, Forsberg LK, Boeve BF, Armstrong MJ, Irwin DJ, Ferman TJ, Galasko D, Galvin JE, Kaufer D, Leverenz Jet al et al (2020) Challenges and opportunities for improving the landscape for Lewy body dementia clinical trials. Alzheimers Res Ther 12:137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13195-020-00703-5","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"1773_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30153-X","volume":"19","author":"JP Taylor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taylor JP, McKeith IG, Burn DJ, Boeve BF, Weintraub D, Bamford C, Allan LM, Thomas AJ, O\u2019Brien JT (2020) New evidence on the management of Lewy body dementia. Lancet Neurol 19:157\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30153-X","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1773_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-008-0347-5","volume":"115","author":"KA Jellinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jellinger KA, Attems J (2008) Prevalence and impact of vascular and Alzheimer pathologies in Lewy body disease. Acta Neuropathol 115:427\u2013436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-008-0347-5","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa438","volume":"144","author":"JL Robinson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Robinson JL, Richardson H, Xie SX, Suh E, Van Deerlin VM, Alfaro B, Loh N, Porras-Paniagua M, Nirschl JJ, Wolk Det al et al (2021) The development and convergence of co-pathologies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain 144:953\u2013962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awaa438","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1773_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly049","volume":"77","author":"LM Besser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Besser LM, Kukull WA, Teylan MA, Bigio EH, Cairns NJ, Kofler JK, Montine TJ, Schneider JA, Nelson PT (2018) The revised National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center\u2019s neuropathology form-available data and new analyses. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 77:717\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/nly049","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1773_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.28.7.1418","volume":"28","author":"SM Greenberg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Greenberg SM, Vonsattel JP (1997) Diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Sensitivity and specificity of cortical biopsy. Stroke 28:1418\u20131422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.28.7.1418","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1773_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scalco R, Saito N, Beckett L, Nguyen ML, Huie E, Wang HP, Flaherty DA, Honig LS, DeCarli C Rissman RA (2023) the neuropathological landscape of hispanic and non-hispanic White decedents with Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 11: 105 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-023-01574-1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01574-1"},{"key":"1773_CR35","unstructured":"(1997) Consensus recommendations for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The National Institute on Aging, and Reagan Institute Working Group on Diagnostic Criteria for the Neuropathological Assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Neurobiol Aging 18: S1\u20132"},{"key":"1773_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","volume":"8","author":"BT Hyman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hyman BT, Phelps CH, Beach TG, Bigio EH, Cairns NJ, Carrillo MC, Dickson DW, Duyckaerts C, Frosch MP, Masliah Eet al et al (2012) National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement 8:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"1773_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morris JC, Weintraub S, Chui HC, Cummings J, Decarli C, Ferris S, Foster NL, Galasko D, Graff-Radford N, Peskind ER al (2006). The Uniform Data Set (UDS): clinical and cognitive variables and descriptive data from Alzheimer Disease Centers. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20: 210-216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.wad.0000213865.09806.92","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wad.0000213865.09806.92"},{"key":"1773_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.13304","volume":"326","author":"A Flanagin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Flanagin A, Frey T, Christiansen SL, Committee AMAMS (2021) Updated Guidance on the reporting of race and ethnicity in Medical and Science Journals. JAMA 326:621\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.13304","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1773_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3","volume":"123","author":"TJ Montine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Montine TJ, Phelps CH, Beach TG, Bigio EH, Cairns NJ, Dickson DW, Duyckaerts C, Frosch MP, Masliah E, Mirra SSet al et al (2012) National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a practical approach. Acta Neuropathol 123:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1773_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.147","volume":"3","author":"H Wickham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wickham H (2011) ggplot2. WIRE Comput Stat 3:180\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wics.147","journal-title":"WIRE Comput Stat"},{"key":"1773_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Filshtein TJ, Dugger BN, Jin LW, Olichney JM, Farias ST, Carvajal-Carmona L, Lott P, Mungas D, Reed B Beckett LA (2019) Neuropathological Diagnoses of Demented Hispanic, Black, and Non-Hispanic White Decedents Seen at an Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center. J Alzheimers Dis 68: 145\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-180992","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180992"},{"key":"1773_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220297","volume":"89","author":"AM Kurasz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kurasz AM, De Wit L, Smith GE, Armstrong MJ (2022) Neuropathological and clinical correlates of Lewy Body Disease Survival by Race and Ethnicity in the National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center. J Alzheimers Dis 89:1339\u20131349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-220297","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1773_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.12.013","volume":"15","author":"OA Santos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Santos OA, Pedraza O, Lucas JA, Duara R, Greig-Custo MT, Hanna Al-Shaikh FS, Liesinger AM, Bieniek KF, Hinkle KM, Lesser ERet al et al (2019) Ethnoracial differences in Alzheimer\u2019s disease from the FLorida Autopsied multi-ethnic (FLAME) cohort. Alzheimers Dement 15:635\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.12.013","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"1773_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.681","volume":"71","author":"JM Ringman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ringman JM, Sachs MC, Zhou Y, Monsell SE, Saver JL, Vinters HV (2014) Clinical predictors of severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy and influence of APOE genotype in persons with pathologically verified Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 71:878\u2013883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.681","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"1773_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180351","volume":"67","author":"GH Weissberger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weissberger GH, Gollan TH, Bondi MW, Nation DA, Hansen LA, Galasko D, Salmon DP (2019) Neuropsychological deficit profiles, vascular risk factors, and neuropathological findings in hispanic older adults with autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 67:291\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-180351","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1773_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180789","volume":"66","author":"JA Soria","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soria JA, Huisa BN, Edland SD, Litvan I, Peavy GM, Salmon DP, Hansen LA, Galasko DR, Brewer JB, Gonzalez HMet al et al (2018) Clinical-neuropathological correlations of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and related dementias in latino volunteers. J Alzheimers Dis 66:1539\u20131548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-180789","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1773_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlad107","volume":"83","author":"G Lopez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lopez G, Magaki SD, Williams CK, Paganini-Hill A, Vinters HV (2024) Characterization of cerebellar amyloid-beta deposits in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 83:72\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/nlad107","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1773_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Glover CM, Shah RC, Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Barnes LL (2020) Perceived Impediments to Completed Brain Autopsies Among Diverse Older Adults Who Have Signed a Uniform Anatomical Gift Act for Brain Donation for Clinical Research. Ethn Dis 30: 709-718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18865\/ed.30.s2.709","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.30.s2.709"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropathologica Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T17:03:13Z","timestamp":1716570193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01773-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-5960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-5960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"During life, research participants were enrolled in IRB-approved studies at each institution, and at death autopsies were performed after legal consent for autopsy was provided by appropriate family members. For further details, see reference [].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"81"}}