{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:44:43Z","timestamp":1784292283225,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["acta neuropathol commun"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T05:03:36Z","timestamp":1725944616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Infrared spectral profiling of demyelinating activity in multiple sclerosis brain tissue"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Oleksandr","family":"Gakh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan M.","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan F.","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Weigand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicja","family":"Kalinowska-Lyszczarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5070-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia F.","family":"Lucchinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1854_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00647","author":"MHM Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali MHM, Rakib F, Abdelalim EM, Limbeck A, Mall R, Ullah E, Mesaeli N, McNaughton D, Ahmed T, Al-Saad K (2018) Fourier-transform infrared imaging spectroscopy and laser ablation -ICPMS new vistas for biochemical analyses of ischemic stroke in rat brain. Front Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2018.00647","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1854_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.3390\/app8122436","volume":"8","author":"MHM Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali MHM, Rakib F, Nischwitz V, Ullah E, Mall R, Shraim AM, Ahmad MI, Ghouri ZK, McNaughton D, K\u00fcppers S et al (2018) Application of FTIR and LA-ICPMS spectroscopies as a possible approach for biochemical analyses of different rat brain regions. Appl Sci 8:2436","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1854_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.110","volume":"9","author":"MJ Baker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baker MJ, Trevisan J, Bassan P, Bhargava R, Butler HJ, Dorling KM, Fielden PR, Fogarty SW, Fullwood NJ, Heys KA et al (2014) Using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to analyze biological materials. Nat Protoc 9:1771\u20131791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nprot.2014.110","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"1854_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barcelos IP, Troxell RM, Graves JS (2019) Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Multiple Sclerosis. Biology (Basel) 8: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology8020037","DOI":"10.3390\/biology8020037"},{"key":"1854_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2008.05.008","volume":"1780","author":"E Bogomolny","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bogomolny E, Argov S, Mordechai S, Huleihel M (2008) Monitoring of viral cancer progression using FTIR microscopy: a comparative study of intact cells and tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) Gen Subj 1780:1038\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbagen.2008.05.008","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) Gen Subj"},{"key":"1854_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380514","volume":"38","author":"W Br\u00fcck","year":"1995","unstructured":"Br\u00fcck W, Porada P, Poser S, Rieckmann P, Hanefeld F, Kretzschmar HA, Lassmann H (1995) Monocyte\/macrophage differentiation in early multiple sclerosis lesions. Ann Neurol 38:788\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410380514","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320404","volume":"32","author":"R Buchli","year":"1994","unstructured":"Buchli R, Duc CO, Martin E, Boesiger P (1994) Assessment of absolute metabolite concentrations in human tissue by 31P MRS in vivo. Part I: cerebrum, cerebellum, cerebral gray and white matter. Magn Reson Med 32:447\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.1910320404","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1854_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2012.02.012","volume":"520","author":"G Cakmak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cakmak G, Miller LM, Zorlu F, Severcan F (2012) Amifostine, a radioprotectant agent, protects rat brain tissue lipids against ionizing radiation induced damage: an FTIR microspectroscopic imaging study. Arch Biochem Biophys 520:67\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abb.2012.02.012","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"1854_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2016.1230237","volume":"92","author":"G Cakmak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cakmak G, Severcan M, Zorlu F, Severcan F (2016) Structural and functional damages of whole body ionizing radiation on rat brain homogenate membranes and protective effect of amifostine. Int J Radiat Biol 92:837\u2013848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09553002.2016.1230237","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"1854_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1021\/ac102043p","volume":"83","author":"G Cakmak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cakmak G, Zorlu F, Severcan M, Severcan F (2011) Screening of protective effect of amifostine on radiation-induced structural and functional variations in rat liver microsomal membranes by FT-IR spectroscopy. Anal Chem 83:2438\u20132444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ac102043p","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"1854_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2019.117719","volume":"228","author":"G Cakmak-Arslan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cakmak-Arslan G, Haksoy H, Goc-Rasgele P, Kekecoglu M (2020) Determination of the dose-dependent toxic effects of mad honey on mouse liver using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 228:117719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2019.117719","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"1854_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws246","volume":"135","author":"M Calabrese","year":"2012","unstructured":"Calabrese M, Poretto V, Favaretto A, Alessio S, Bernardi V, Romualdi C, Rinaldi F, Perini P, Gallo P (2012) Cortical lesion load associates with progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. Brain 135:2952\u20132961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/aws246","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1854_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1071\/CH13349","volume":"67","author":"C Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen C, Wu D, Fu W, Li Z (2014) Tunable Organogelator from Alkyl-Polypeptide Diblock prepared by ring-opening polymerization. Aust J Chem 67:59\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/CH13349","journal-title":"Aust J Chem"},{"key":"1854_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(93)90078-f","volume":"1182","author":"LP Choo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Choo LP, Jackson M, Halliday WC, Mantsch HH (1993) Infrared spectroscopic characterisation of multiple sclerosis plaques in the human central nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta 1182:333\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0925-4439(93)90078-f","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1854_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29617-6","volume":"13","author":"MC Crocco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Crocco MC, Moyano MFH, Annesi F, Bruno R, Pirritano D, Del Giudice F, Petrone A, Condino F, Guzzi R (2023) ATR-FTIR spectroscopy of plasma supported by multivariate analysis discriminates multiple sclerosis disease. Sci Rep 13:2565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-29617-6","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1854_CR16","first-page":"2349","volume":"14","author":"J Demsar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Demsar J, Curk T, Erjavec A, Gorup C, Hocevar T, Milutinovic M, Mozina M, Polajnar M, Toplak M, Staric A et al (2013) Orange: data mining toolbox in Python. J Mach Learn Res 14:2349\u20132353","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"1854_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp070","volume":"132","author":"JM Frischer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Frischer JM, Bramow S, Dal-Bianco A, Lucchinetti CF, Rauschka H, Schmidbauer M, Laursen H, Sorensen PS, Lassmann H (2009) The relation between inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis brains. Brain 132:1175\u20131189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awp070","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1854_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24497","volume":"78","author":"JM Frischer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Frischer JM, Weigand SD, Guo Y, Kale N, Parisi JE, Pirko I, Mandrekar J, Bramow S, Metz I, Br\u00fcck W et al (2015) Clinical and pathological insights into the dynamic nature of the white matter multiple sclerosis plaque. Ann Neurol 78:710\u2013721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.24497","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6343(1996)2:3<155::AID-BSPY2>3.0.CO;2-7","volume":"2","author":"MFK Fung","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fung MFK, Senterman MK, Mikhael NZ, Lacelle S, Wong PTT (1996) Pressure-tuning fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of carcinogenesis in human endometrium. Biospectroscopy 2:155\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6343(1996)2:3%3c155::AID-BSPY2%3e3.0.CO;2-7","journal-title":"Biospectroscopy"},{"key":"1854_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C500244200","volume":"281","author":"M Gallant","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gallant M, Rak M, Szeghalmi A, Del Bigio MR, Westaway D, Yang J, Julian R, Gough KM (2006) Focally elevated creatine detected in amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice and Alzheimer disease brain tissue. J Biol Chem 281:5\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.C500244200","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1854_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4679","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.394895","volume":"11","author":"H Ghimire","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghimire H, Hu X, Qin G, Unil Perera AG (2020) Optimizing infrared spectral discrimination to enhance disease diagnostics: monitoring the signatures of inflammatory bowel diseases with anti-TNF\u03b1 therapy. Biomed Opt Express 11:4679\u20134694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.394895","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"1854_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr128","volume":"134","author":"L Haider","year":"2011","unstructured":"Haider L, Fischer MT, Frischer JM, Bauer J, Hoftberger R, Botond G, Esterbauer H, Binder CJ, Witztum JL, Lassmann H (2011) Oxidative damage in multiple sclerosis lesions. Brain 134:1914\u20131924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awr128","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1854_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0788-z","volume":"14","author":"Y Haile","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haile Y, Deng X, Ortiz-Sandoval C, Tahbaz N, Janowicz A, Lu J-Q, Kerr BJ, Gutowski NJ, Holley JE, Eggleton P et al (2017) Rab32 connects ER stress to mitochondrial defects in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflamm 14:19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-016-0788-z","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"1854_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2004.04.005","volume":"35","author":"G Harauz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harauz G, Ishiyama N, Hill CM, Bates IR, Libich DS, Far\u00e8s C (2004) Myelin basic protein-diverse conformational states of an intrinsically unstructured protein and its roles in myelin assembly and multiple sclerosis. Micron 35:503\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micron.2004.04.005","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"1854_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.09.053","volume":"49","author":"P Heraud","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heraud P, Caine S, Campanale N, Karnezis T, McNaughton D, Wood BR, Tobin MJ, Bernard CCA (2010) Early detection of the chemical changes occurring during the induction and prevention of autoimmune-mediated demyelination detected by FT-IR imaging. Neuroimage 49:1180\u20131189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.09.053","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1854_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12268","volume":"13","author":"T Jiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jiang T, Cadenas E (2014) Astrocytic metabolic and inflammatory changes as a function of age. Aging Cell 13:1059\u20131067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.12268","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"1854_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.120214","volume":"263","author":"K Kawon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawon K, Setkowicz Z, Drozdz A, Janeczko K, Chwiej J (2021) The methods of vibrational microspectroscopy reveals long-term biochemical anomalies within the region of mechanical injury within the rat brain. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 263:120214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2021.120214","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"1854_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/095530097143897","volume":"71","author":"R Kinder","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kinder R, Ziegler C, Wessels JM (1997) Gamma-irradiation and UV-C light-induced lipid peroxidation: a Fourier transform-infrared absorption spectroscopic study. Int J Radiat Biol 71:561\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/095530097143897","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"1854_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.01.046","volume":"593","author":"M Ko\u0142odziej","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ko\u0142odziej M, Chrab\u0105szcz K, Pi\u0119ta E, Piergies N, Rudnicka-Czerwiec J, Bartosik-Psujek H, Paluszkiewicz C, Cholewa M, Kwiatek WM (2022) Spectral signature of multiple sclerosis. Preliminary studies of blood fraction by ATR FTIR technique. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 593:40\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.01.046","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1854_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1039\/c4an02008a","volume":"140","author":"F Kucuk Baloglu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kucuk Baloglu F, Garip S, Heise S, Brockmann G, Severcan F (2015) FTIR imaging of structural changes in visceral and subcutaneous adiposity and brown to white adipocyte transdifferentiation. Analyst 140:2205\u20132214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4an02008a","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"1854_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1653-y","volume":"133","author":"T Kuhlmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kuhlmann T, Ludwin S, Prat A, Antel J, Bruck W, Lassmann H (2017) An updated histological classification system for multiple sclerosis lesions. Acta Neuropathol 133:13\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-016-1653-y","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1854_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.09.018","volume":"1862","author":"H Lassmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lassmann H, van Horssen J (2016) Oxidative stress and its impact on neurons and glia in multiple sclerosis lesions. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1862:506\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.09.018","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"1854_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/s0891-5849(98)00019-7","volume":"25","author":"SM LeVine","year":"1998","unstructured":"LeVine SM, Wetzel DL (1998) Chemical analysis of multiple sclerosis lesions by FT-IR microspectroscopy. Free Radic Biol Med 25:33\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0891-5849(98)00019-7","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"1854_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200006)47:6<707::aid-ana3>3.0.co;2-q","volume":"47","author":"C Lucchinetti","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lucchinetti C, Bruck W, Parisi J, Scheithauer B, Rodriguez M, Lassmann H (2000) Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination. Ann Neurol 47:707\u2013717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1531-8249(200006)47:6%3c707::aid-ana3%3e3.0.co;2-q","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1100648","volume":"365","author":"CF Lucchinetti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lucchinetti CF, Popescu BF, Bunyan RF, Moll NM, Roemer SF, Lassmann H, Br\u00fcck W, Parisi JE, Scheithauer BW, Giannini C et al (2011) Inflammatory cortical demyelination in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 365:2188\u20132197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1100648","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1854_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73338-z","volume":"10","author":"CR de Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Magalh\u00e3es CR, Carrilho R, Schrama D, Cerqueira M, Rosa da Costa AM, Rodrigues PM (2020) Mid-infrared spectroscopic screening of metabolic alterations in stress-exposed gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Sci Rep 10:16343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-73338-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1854_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032","volume":"50","author":"WI McDonald","year":"2001","unstructured":"McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin FD, McFarland HF, Paty DW, Polman CH, Reingold SC et al (2001) Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 50:121\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.1032","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2330","volume":"9","author":"G van Meer","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Meer G, Voelker DR, Feigenson GW (2008) Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:112\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm2330","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1854_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2005.09.004","volume":"155","author":"LM Miller","year":"2006","unstructured":"Miller LM, Wang Q, Telivala TP, Smith RJ, Lanzirotti A, Miklossy J (2006) Synchrotron-based infrared and X-ray imaging shows focalized accumulation of Cu and Zn co-localized with \u03b2-amyloid deposits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Struct Biol 155:30\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsb.2005.09.004","journal-title":"J Struct Biol"},{"key":"1854_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23587","volume":"67","author":"S Nair","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nair S, Sobotka KS, Joshi P, Gressens P, Fleiss B, Thornton C, Mallard C, Hagberg H (2019) Lipopolysaccharide-induced alteration of mitochondrial morphology induces a metabolic shift in microglia modulating the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Glia 67:1047\u20131061. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23587","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"1854_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-4899-1","volume":"401","author":"R Noreen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Noreen R, Chien CC, Delugin M, Yao S, Pineau R, Hwu Y, Moenner M, Petibois C (2011) Detection of collagens in brain tumors based on FTIR imaging and chemometrics. Anal Bioanal Chem 401:845\u2013852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-011-4899-1","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"1854_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/fnene.2012.00003","volume":"4","author":"LF Obel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Obel LF, M\u00fcller MS, Walls AB, Sickmann HM, Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS, Schousboe A (2012) Brain glycogen-new perspectives on its metabolic function and regulation at the subcellular level. Front Neuroenergetics 4:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnene.2012.00003","journal-title":"Front Neuroenergetics"},{"key":"1854_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2003.10.001","volume":"1688","author":"B Ohler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ohler B, Graf K, Bragg R, Lemons T, Coe R, Genain C, Israelachvili J, Husted C (2004) Role of lipid interactions in autoimmune demyelination. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1688:10\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2003.10.001","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"1854_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl217","volume":"129","author":"P Patrikios","year":"2006","unstructured":"Patrikios P, Stadelmann C, Kutzelnigg A, Rauschka H, Schmidbauer M, Laursen H, Sorensen PS, Br\u00fcck W, Lucchinetti C, Lassmann H (2006) Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients. Brain 129:3165\u20133172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl217","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1854_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29386","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA01145H","volume":"7","author":"B Peng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peng B, Ding X-Y, Sun C, Yang Y-N, Gao Y-J, Zhao X (2017) The chain order of binary unsaturated lipid bilayers modulated by aromatic-residue-containing peptides: an ATR-FTIR spectroscopy study. RSC Adv 7:29386\u201329394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C7RA01145H","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"1854_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3031282","volume":"3","author":"M Podbielska","year":"2013","unstructured":"Podbielska M, Banik NL, Kurowska E, Hogan EL (2013) Myelin recovery in multiple sclerosis: the challenge of remyelination. Brain Sci 3:1282\u20131324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci3031282","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"1854_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302","volume":"13","author":"CM Poser","year":"1983","unstructured":"Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L, McDonald WI, Davis FA, Ebers GC, Johnson KP, Sibley WA, Silberberg DH, Tourtellotte WW (1983) New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol 13:227\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410130302","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2020.119189","volume":"248","author":"F Rakib","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rakib F, Al-Saad K, Ahmed T, Ullah E, Barreto GE, Md Ashraf G, Ali MHM (2021) Biomolecular alterations in acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 248:119189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2020.119189","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"1854_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.027","volume":"51","author":"TT Reed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reed TT (2011) Lipid peroxidation and neurodegenerative disease. Free Radical Biol Med 51:1302\u20131319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.027","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"1854_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005752","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005752","volume":"13","author":"F Rohart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rohart F, Gautier B, Singh A, L\u00ea Cao KA (2017) mixOmics: an R package for \u2019omics feature selection and multiple data integration. PLoS Comput Biol 13:e1005752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005752","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"1854_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-01091-5","volume":"8","author":"D R\u00f6hr","year":"2020","unstructured":"R\u00f6hr D, Boon BDC, Schuler M, Kremer K, Hoozemans JJM, Bouwman FH, El-Mashtoly SF, Nabers A, Gro\u00dferueschkamp F, Rozemuller AJM et al (2020) Label-free vibrational imaging of different A\u03b2 plaque types in Alzheimer\u2019s disease reveals sequential events in plaque development. Acta Neuropathol Commun 8:222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-020-01091-5","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1854_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5918","DOI":"10.3390\/app10175918","volume":"10","author":"A Sadat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sadat A, Joye IJ (2020) Peak fitting applied to Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic analysis of proteins. Appl Sci 10:5918","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1854_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2005.01.011","volume":"339","author":"F Severcan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Severcan F, Gorgulu G, Gorgulu ST, Guray T (2005) Rapid monitoring of diabetes-induced lipid peroxidation by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: evidence from rat liver microsomal membranes. Anal Biochem 339:36\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ab.2005.01.011","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"1854_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12159","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b04826","volume":"138","author":"R Shaharabani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shaharabani R, Ram-On M, Avinery R, Aharoni R, Arnon R, Talmon Y, Beck R (2016) Structural transition in Myelin membrane as initiator of multiple sclerosis. J Am Chem Soc 138:12159\u201312165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.6b04826","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"1854_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4200","DOI":"10.5504\/BBEQ.2013.0106","volume":"27","author":"D Simonova","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simonova D, Karamancheva I (2013) Application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for Tumor diagnosis. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 27:4200\u20134207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5504\/BBEQ.2013.0106","journal-title":"Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip"},{"key":"1854_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1080\/08940886.2017.1338424","volume":"30","author":"M Toplak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Toplak M, Birarda G, Read S, Sandt C, Rosendahl SM, Vaccari L, Dem\u0161ar J, Borondics F (2017) Infrared orange: connecting hyperspectral data with machine learning. Synchrotron Radiat News 30:40\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08940886.2017.1338424","journal-title":"Synchrotron Radiat News"},{"key":"1854_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092300","volume":"10","author":"M Toplak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toplak M, Read ST, Sandt C, Borondics F (2021) Quasar: easy machine learning for biospectroscopy. Cells 10:2300","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1854_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30245-X","volume":"17","author":"BD Trapp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trapp BD, Vignos M, Dudman J, Chang A, Fisher E, Staugaitis SM, Battapady H, Mork S, Ontaneda D, Jones SE et al (2018) Cortical neuronal densities and cerebral white matter demyelination in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective study. The Lancet Neurol 17:870\u2013884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30245-X","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1854_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4225","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.112565","volume":"93","author":"J Wong-Ekkabut","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wong-Ekkabut J, Xu Z, Triampo W, Tang IM, Tieleman DP, Monticelli L (2007) Effect of lipid peroxidation on the properties of lipid bilayers: a molecular dynamics study. Biophys J 93:4225\u20134236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1529\/biophysj.107.112565","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"1854_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19303-3","volume":"8","author":"D Yonar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yonar D, Ocek L, Tiftikcioglu BI, Zorlu Y, Severcan F (2018) Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis diagnosis from cerebrospinal fluids via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis. Sci Rep 8:1025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-19303-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1854_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47274","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c06622","volume":"7","author":"J Zhong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhong J, Yu W, Tang Y, Zhou X (2022) Synchrotron radiation FTIR microspectroscopy study of biomolecular alterations in vincristine-treated WRL68 cells at the single-cell level. ACS Omega 7:47274\u201347284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.2c06622","journal-title":"ACS Omega"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropathologica Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T17:04:38Z","timestamp":1725987878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1854"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-024-01854-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-5960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-5960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All patients had provided written informed consent for the use of autopsy and biopsy materials.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"146"}}