{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:40:46Z","timestamp":1793814046340,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479686400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prog Orthod."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,24]],"date-time":"2016-10-24T11:17:32Z","timestamp":1477307852000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Stress and displacement pattern evaluation using two different palatal expanders in unilateral cleft lip and palate: a three-dimensional finite element analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anoop","family":"Mathew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. S.","family":"Nagachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devaki","family":"Vijayalakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"150_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samuel Berkowitz. Cleft lip and palate\u2014diagnosis and management. 2nd Edition. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2006.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-30020-1"},{"key":"150_CR2","first-page":"104","volume":"19","author":"P Rygh","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rygh P, Tindlund R. Orthopedic expansion and protraction of the maxilla in cleft palate patients\u2014a new treatment rationale. Cleft Palate J. 1982;19:104\u201312.","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"150_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1993)030<0195:IWASEO>2.3.CO;2","volume":"30","author":"RS Tindlund","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tindlund RS, Rygh P, Boe OE. Intercanine widening and sagittal effect of maxillary transverse expansion in patients with cleft lip and palate during the deciduous and mixed dentitions. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1993;30:195\u2013207.","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"150_CR4","first-page":"496","volume":"29","author":"Abdoney","year":"1995","unstructured":"Abdoney. Use of the Arndt nickel titanium palatal expander in cleft palate cases. J Clin Orthod. 1995;29:496\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR5","first-page":"374","volume":"38","author":"MN Caniklioglu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Caniklioglu MN. Use of a nickel titanium palatal expander in cleft-plate cases. J Clin Orthod. 2004;38:374\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR6","first-page":"143","volume":"34","author":"RJ Isaacson","year":"1964","unstructured":"Isaacson RJ, Murphy TD. Some effects of rapid maxillary expansion in cleft lip and palate patients. Angle Orthod. 1964;34:143\u201354.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR7","first-page":"34","volume":"28","author":"L Capelozza Filho","year":"1994","unstructured":"Capelozza Filho L, De Almeida AM, Ursi WJS. Rapid maxillary expansion in cleft lip and palate patients. J Clin Orthod. 1994;28:34\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR8","first-page":"67","volume":"2","author":"W Biederman","year":"1968","unstructured":"Biederman W. A hygienic appliance for rapid expansion. J Clin Orthod. 1968;2:67\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR9","first-page":"226","volume":"5","author":"FS Fink","year":"1971","unstructured":"Fink FS. Early orthodontic treatment in the cleft palate patient. J Clin Orthod. 1971;5:226\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR10","first-page":"642","volume":"33","author":"L Levrini","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levrini L, Vittorio Filippi MD. A fan-shaped maxillary expander. J Clin Orthod. 1999;33:642\u20133.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90202-2","volume":"91","author":"SE Bishara","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bishara SE, Staley RN. Maxillary expansion: clinical implications. Am Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;91:3\u201314.","journal-title":"Am Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR12","unstructured":"Proffit WR, Henry W Fields Jr. Contemporary orthodontics. Third. Mosby, Inc. 2000"},{"key":"150_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-003-0241-7","volume":"64","author":"KL Gerlach","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gerlach KL, Zahl C. Transversal palatal expansion using a palatal distractor. J Orofac Orthop. 2003;64:443\u20139.","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-004-0346-7","volume":"65","author":"W Harzer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harzer W, Schneider M, Gedrange T. Rapid maxillary expansion with palatal anchorage of the hyrax expansion screw-pilot study with case presentation. J Orofac Orthop. 2004;65:419\u201324.","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.11.061","volume":"64","author":"W Harzer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harzer W, Schneider M, Gedrange T, Tausche E. Direct bone placement of the hyrax fixation screw for surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;64:1313\u20137.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"150_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.07.021","volume":"131","author":"E Tausche","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tausche E, Hansen L, Hietschold V, Lagravere MO, Harzer W. Three-dimensional evaluation of surgically assisted implant bone-borne rapid maxillary expansion: a pilot study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131(Suppl):S92\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.10.065","volume":"137","author":"KJ Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee KJ, Park Y-C, Park J-Y, Hwang W-S. Miniscrew-assisted nonsurgical palatal expansion before orthognathic surgery for a patient with severe mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:830\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.03.042","volume":"137","author":"W Deeb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deeb W, Hanson L, Hotan T, Hietschold V, Harzer W, Tausche E. Changes in nasal volume after surgically assisted bone-borne rapid maxillary expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:782\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR19","first-page":"304.e1\u201312","volume":"137","author":"MO Lagravere","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lagravere MO, Carey J, Heo G, Toogood RW, Major PW. Transverse, vertical, and anteroposterior changes from bone-anchored maxillary expansion vs traditional rapid maxillary expansion: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:304.e1\u201312.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90232-0","volume":"92","author":"K Tanne","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tanne K, Sakuda M, Burstone CJ. Three-dimensional finite element analysis for stress in the periodontal tissue by orthodontic forces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;92:499\u2013505.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90050-4","volume":"95","author":"K Tanne","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tanne K, Hiraga J, Kakiuchi K, Yamagata Y, Sakuda M. Biomechanical effect of anteriorly directed extraoral forces on the craniofacial complex: a study using the finite element method. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;95:200\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/20.4.347","volume":"20","author":"H Iseri","year":"1998","unstructured":"Iseri H, Tekkaya AE, Oztan O, Bilgic S. Biomechanical effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the craniofacial skeleton, studied by the finite element method. Eur J Orthod. 1998;20:347\u201356.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR23","first-page":"5","volume":"132","author":"P Gautam","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gautam P, Valiathan A, Adhikari R. Stress and displacement patterns in the 375 craniofacial skeleton with rapid maxillary expansion: a finite element 376 method study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;132:5.e1\u20135.e11.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2007)077[0280:BAOMEI]2.0.CO;2","volume":"77","author":"C Holberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holberg C, Holberg N, Schwenzer K, Wichelhaus A, Rudzki- Janson I. 378 Q13 Biomechanical analysis of maxillary expansion in CLP patients. Angle 379 Orthod. 2007;77:280\u20137.","journal-title":"Angle 379 Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1597\/05-161.1","volume":"44","author":"X Pan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pan X, Qian Y, Yu J, Wang D, Tang Y, Shen G. Biomechanical effects of rapid 381 palatal expansion on the craniofacial skeleton with cleft palate: a three 382 dimensional finite element analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44:149\u201354.","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"150_CR26","first-page":"12","volume":"73","author":"A Jafari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jafari A, Shetty KS, Kumar M. Study of stress distribution and displacement of 370 various craniofacial structures following application of transverse orthopedic 371 forces\u2014a three-dimensional FEM study. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:12\u201320.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR27","first-page":"543","volume":"76","author":"C Holberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Holberg C, Rudzki-Janson I. Stresses at the cranial base induced by rapid 373 maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:543\u201350.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"150_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181a2d9aa","volume":"20","author":"RM Vyas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vyas RM, Jarrahy R, Sisodia M, Jourabchi N, Wasson KL, Bradley JP. Bone-borne palatal distraction to correct the constricted cleft maxilla. J Craniofac Surg. 2009;20(3):733\u20136.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"150_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjs063","volume":"36","author":"HK Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee HK, Bayome M, Ahn CS, Kim SH, Kim KB, Mo SS, Kook YA. Stress distribution and displacement by different bone-borne palatal expanders with micro-implants: a three-dimensional finite-element analysis. European Journal of Orthodontics Advance. 2014;36:531\u201340.","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics Advance"},{"key":"150_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.12.036","volume":"132","author":"C Holberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holberg C, Steinhauser S, Rudzki I. Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion: mid facial and cranial stress distribution. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;132:776\u201382.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR31","volume-title":"Applications of Orthodontic Mini-Implants","author":"JS Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee JS, Park YC, Kim JK. Applications of Orthodontic Mini-Implants. Ilinois: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc; 2007."},{"key":"150_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.06.025","volume":"140","author":"A Suzuki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suzuki A, Masuda T, Takahashi I, Deguchi T, Suzuki O, Takano-Yamamoto T. Changes in stress distribution of orthodontic miniscrews and surrounding bone evaluated by 3-dimensional finite element analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e273\u201380.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.07.022","volume":"141","author":"S Singh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singh S, Mogra S, Shetty VS, Shetty S, Philip P. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of strength, stability, and stress distribution in orthodontic anchorage: a conical, self-drilling mini-screw implant system. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:327\u201336.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70176-2","volume":"109","author":"J Middleton","year":"1996","unstructured":"Middleton J, Jones M, Wilson A. The role of the periodontal ligament in bone modelling: the initial development of a time-dependent finite element model. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;109:155\u201362.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(03)00164-1","volume":"123","author":"SR Toms","year":"2003","unstructured":"Toms SR, Eberhardt AW. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the periodontal ligament under orthodontic tooth loading. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:657\u201365.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.02.021","volume":"136","author":"P Gautam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gautam P, Valiathan A, Adhikari R. Maxillary protraction with and without maxillary expansion: a finite element analysis of sutural stresses. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:361\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.2319\/070110-367.1","volume":"81","author":"P Gautam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gautam P, Zhao L, Patel P. Biomechanical response of the maxillofacial skeleton to transpalatal orthopedic force in a unilateral palatal cleft. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:503\u20139.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"150_CR38","first-page":"251","volume":"69","author":"T Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu T, Iseri H. Effect of bonded rapid maxillary appliance during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 1999;69(3):251\u20136.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR39","first-page":"345","volume":"3","author":"C-H Chung","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chung C-H, Font B, de Mallorca P. Skeletal and dental changes in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse dimensions after rapid palatal expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;3:345\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"150_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90467-5","volume":"82","author":"B Melsen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Melsen B, Melsen F. The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:329\u201342.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-015-0096-7","volume":"16","author":"P Ngan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngan P, Wilmes B, Drescher D, Martin C. Comparison of two maxillary protraction protocols: tooth-borne versus bone-anchored protraction facemask treatment. Prog Orthod. 2015;16:26.1-11.","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"150_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2319\/030514-156.1","volume":"85","author":"L Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin L, Ahn H-W, Kim S-J, Moon S-C, Kim S-H, Nelson G. Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence. Angle Orthod. 2015;85:253\u201362.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"}],"container-title":["Progress in Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T19:54:12Z","timestamp":1568490852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/progressinorthodontics.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40510-016-0150-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2196-1042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2196-1042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"article-number":"38"}}