{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T10:47:07Z","timestamp":1750934827498,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prog Orthod."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To compare a new \u201cguide for borderline orthodontic need\u201d (GBON) with the \u201caesthetic component\u201d (AC) of the IOTN in assessing borderline cases (dental health component DHC 3), and to compare reliability and opinions of orthodontists on the use of each index.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cross-sectional population descriptive study. Ninety-four qualified orthodontists assessed 30 borderline malocclusions according to the GBON and AC indices and completed a questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Kappa analysis showed GBON and AC to have similar intra-examiner reliability (<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.64 and 0.60 ,respectively). Cronbach\u2019s alpha inter-examiner reliability analysis showed GBON and AC to have similar, acceptable reliability (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.7 and 0.9 ,respectively). There was only fair agreement between GBON and AC in terms of the number of malocclusions deemed as needing treatment (AC threshold 6). Analysis of specific occlusal traits revealed that reverse overjets were deemed as needing treatment according to AC but not anterior open bites. Both traits were assessed as needing treatment according GBON. Despite a lack of familiarity with GBON, assessors found GBON easier to use and more appropriate in assessing borderline malocclusions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both GBON and AC had good and similar inter- and intra-examiner reliability. There was substantial agreement on treatment need between GBON and AC but only when the AC threshold is reduced to 4. GBON was more able to identify malocclusal traits in need of treatment than AC. GBON was found to be easier to use and considered more appropriate than AC in judging DHC 3 malocclusions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T23:02:38Z","timestamp":1658703758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of orthodontic borderline treatment need: A comparison of two aesthetic indices"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-6185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariane","family":"Sampson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Passan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huw G.","family":"Jeremiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kirschen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"419_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ejo.a035999","volume":"11","author":"P Brook","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brook P, Shaw WC. The development of an index of treatment priority. Eur J Orthod. 1989;11:309\u201320.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"419_CR2","volume-title":"An Introduction to occlusal indices","author":"S Richmond","year":"1992","unstructured":"Richmond S, O\u2019Brien KD, Buchanan IB, Burden DJ. An Introduction to occlusal indices. Manchester: Mandent Press; 1992."},{"key":"419_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/9.1.314","volume":"9","author":"R Evans","year":"1987","unstructured":"Evans R, Shaw W. Preliminary evaluation of an illustrated scale for rating dental attractiveness. Eur J Orthod. 1987;9:314\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"419_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr142","volume":"35","author":"C Livas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Livas C, Delli K. Subjective and objective perception of orthodontic treatment needs: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod. 2013;35(3):347\u201353.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"419_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.19.4.287","volume":"19","author":"A Holmes","year":"1992","unstructured":"Holmes A. The subjective need and demand for orthodontic treatment. Br J Orthod. 1992;19(4):287\u201397.","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"419_CR6","unstructured":"Public Health England, London. Needs assessment for orthodontic services in London. 2015."},{"key":"419_CR7","first-page":"72","volume":"93","author":"P Crowther","year":"1997","unstructured":"Crowther P, Harkness M, Herbison P. Orthodontic treatment need in 10 year old Dunedin school children. N Z Dent J. 1997;93:72\u20138.","journal-title":"N Z Dent J"},{"key":"419_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.3.271","volume":"19","author":"A Stenvik","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stenvik A, Espeland L, Linge BO, Linge L. Lay attitudes to dental appearance and need for orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 1997;19:271\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"419_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/24.1.53","volume":"24","author":"O Hunt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hunt O, Hepper P, Johnston C, Stevenson M, Burden D. The aesthetic component of the index of orthodontic treatment need validated against lay opinion. Eur J Orthod. 2002;24:53\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"419_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjm035","volume":"29","author":"AM Hamdan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hamdan AM, Al-Omari IK, Al-Bital ZB. Ranking dental aesthetics and thresholds of treatment need: a comparison between patients, parents and dentists. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:366\u201371.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"419_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-022-00407-6","volume":"23","author":"A Sampson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sampson A, Jeremiah HG, Lai NN, et al. The development of a guide to borderline orthodontic need. Prog Orthod. 2022;23:13.","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"}],"container-title":["Progress in Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T23:02:59Z","timestamp":1658703779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/progressinorthodontics.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["419"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40510-022-00419-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2196-1042"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2196-1042"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the East London and the City Local Research Ethics Committee for the development of the GBON.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24"}}