{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T21:18:45Z","timestamp":1779311925984,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]],"date-time":"2020-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":151,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]],"date-time":"2020-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":151,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraarticular (IA) hyaluronic acid (HA) injection is used to reduce pain and improve mobility in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Little is known about histopathological changes underlying HA efficacy. This study investigated dose\u2010related effects of 1% sodium hyaluronate (BioHA) on knee joint histopathology and pain responses in a medial meniscal tear (MMT) rat model of OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following MMT surgery, rats were randomized into treatment groups: single IA injection of vehicle, BioHA, or an avian\u2010derived hyaluronic acid (hylan G\u2010F 20) on Day 7; or 3 weekly injections of vehicle or BioHA on Days 7, 14, and 21. On Day 35, joints were evaluated by microscopic histopathology for cartilage degeneration, collagen degeneration, synovitis, and cytokine expression (tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, transforming growth factor \u03b2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Joint pathology for control animals was consistent with that expected for the MMT model. Rats treated with 3\u00a0injections of IA\u2010BioHA had significantly reduced collagen degeneration (21%) relative to control animals. No significant change in collagen degeneration was observed for rats given a single injection of hylan G\u2010F 20 or IA\u2010BioHA compared to control animals. HA treatment did not affect cytokine expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IA\u2010BioHA viscosupplementation in a rat MMT model of OA showed preservation of joint cartilage and collagen. This effect was most pronounced on tibial surfaces having less severe injury, suggesting that treatment should be initiated early in the disease process. A comparison of responses to IA\u2010BioHA or hylan G\u2010F 20\u00a0in the MMT rat OA model suggest IA\u2010BioHA may be more effective in preserving joint connective tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-020-00256-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]],"date-time":"2020-05-31T18:59:23Z","timestamp":1590951563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Viscosupplementation may preserve tibial cartilage and collagen in osteoarthritis: findings from a preclinical model of osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Lokhnauth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. 100 Interpace Parkway 07054 Parsippany NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin E.","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare Innovation Partners Mountain Lakes NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Bendele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolder BioPATH Boulder CO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faizan","family":"Niazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. 100 Interpace Parkway 07054 Parsippany NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfred","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. 100 Interpace Parkway 07054 Parsippany NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crilles C.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. 100 Interpace Parkway 07054 Parsippany NJ 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The present study design and animal usage was approved by Bolder BioPATH\u2019s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and performed at Bolder BioPATH (Boulder, CO).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"JL, FN, AL, and CCL are employees of Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. KED has served as a consultant for Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. AB provided contract animal services to Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"39"}}