{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:31:32Z","timestamp":1777422692271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":281,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":281,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005760","name":"University of Gothenburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005760","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005760","name":"G\u00f6teborgs Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005760","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. exp. orthop."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Injury prevalence patterns for climbers have been presented in several papers but results are heterogenous largely due to a mix of included climbing disciplines and injury mechanisms. This study describes the distribution and pattern of acute traumatic climbing injuries sustained during outdoor climbing in Sweden.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients that experienced a climbing related traumatic injury during outdoor climbing between 2008 and 2019 and who submitted a self\u2010reported questionnaire to the Swedish Climbing Association were included in the study. Medical records were retrieved, and the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation injury classification system was used for injury presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010eight patients were included in the study. Seven (18%) injuries occurred during traditional climbing, 13 (34%) during sport climbing and 9 (24%) during bouldering. Varying with climbing discipline, 84\u2013100% injuries were caused by falls. Injuries of the foot and ankle accounted for 72\u2013100% of the injuries. Fractures were the most common injury (60%) followed by sprains (17%) and contusions (10%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic injuries sustained during outdoor climbing in Sweden were predominantly caused by falls and affected the lower extremities in all major outdoor climbing disciplines. Rope management errors as a cause of injury were common in sport climbing and in activity surrounding the climbing, indicating there is room for injury\u2010preventing measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T16:16:23Z","timestamp":1633882583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Patterns of traumatic outdoor rock\u2010climbing injuries in Sweden between 2008 and 2019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7295-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik","family":"Identeg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic department Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebba","family":"Orava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic department Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Sansone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic department Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic department Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Hedelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic department Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","unstructured":"FederationSC(2018) History of Swedish climbing."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6fflV MorrisonA SchwarzU Sch\u00f6fflI K\u00fcpperT. Evaluation of Injury and Fatality Risk in Rock and Ice Climbing. Vol 402010."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318234be97"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100031\u20101279723"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1580\/0953-9859-1.4.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100838.2008.00851.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"172","article-title":"Rock\u2010climbing injuries in Yosemite National Park","volume":"149","author":"Bowie WS","year":"1988","journal-title":"The Western J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2018.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.037978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000209402.40864.b2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(1998)009[0002:IITASR]2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196\u20100644(89)80463\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS\u2010D\u201019\u201000575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2017.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2014.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2018.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RauchS WallnerB Str\u00f6hleM Dal CappelloT Brodmann MaederM(2019) Climbing accidents\u2010prospective data analysis from the international Alpine trauma registry and systematic review of the literature. Int J environ res public health 17:.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RuggC TiefenthalerL RauchS GattererH PaalP Str\u00f6hleM(2020) Rock climbing emergencies in the Austrian Alps: injury patterns Risk Analysis and Preventive Measures. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","unstructured":"SabbaghRS HogeC KanhereAP CosciaAC GraweBM(2021) The epidemiology of indoor and outdoor rock climbing injuries presenting to United States emergency departments.J Sports Med Phys Fitness.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0022\u20104707.21.12578\u20102."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","unstructured":"Incident report of the Swedish Climbing Federation.https:\/\/www.klatterforbundet.se\/utomhus\/rapportera\u2010incidenter\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2010.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19346182.2015.1107081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","unstructured":"GustafssonNRStora boken om kl\u00e4ttring [Large Book of Climbing]."}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:02:46Z","timestamp":1760637766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00407-1","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2197-1153","2197-1153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2197-1153","type":"print"},{"value":"2197-1153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The project was approved by\u00a0the Regional ethics committee (IRB) of V\u00e4stra G\u00f6talandsregionen 2019-03-16, dnr2019\u201300656.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"No direct or indirect financial or technical support were received for the study. Fredrik Identeg is a member of the medical committee of the Swedish climbing federation. Henrik Hedelin is a former member and currently a senior advisor for the medical committee of the Swedish climbing federation. Neither FI or HH has received financial or material compensation from the Swedish climbing federation related to the article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"89"}}