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The tuning of such complex simulation models \u2018by hand\u2019 to match patient data is not feasible, and thus we present an automated approach based on the use of global optimization algorithms and high-performance computing. Using this approach, we are able to achieve extremely close matches between the simulator and a range of patient data including PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, pulmonary deadspace fraction, pulmonary shunt fraction, and ventilation\/perfusion (V\u0307\/Q) curves. Using the simulator, we computed combinations of ventilator settings that optimally manage the trade-off between ensuring adequate gas exchange and minimizing the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury for an individual COPD patient.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our results significantly strengthen the credibility of computer simulation models as research tools for the development of novel management protocols in COPD and other pulmonary disease states.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-014-0023-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T13:13:34Z","timestamp":1411132414000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Can computer simulators accurately represent the pathophysiology of individual COPD patients?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Wenfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anup","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tayyba","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oanna","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Chikhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mainul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan G","family":"Hardman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Declan G","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"23_CR1","first-page":"199","volume":"6","author":"BD Kent","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kent BD, Mitchell PD, McNicholas WT: Hypoxemia in patients with COPD: cause, effects, and disease progression. 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