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These actions are involved in onset and progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thus, simultaneous removal of cytokines and activated neutrophils, including PNCs by blood purification may prevent development of ARDS and enhance drug effects. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of a newly developed adsorption column (NOA-001) that eliminates cytokines and activated neutrophils in a lung injury model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adsorption of cytokines, such as IL-8, IL-6 and HMGB-1, and PNCs was first measured in vitro. Lung injury was induced by HCl and lipopolysaccharide intratracheal infusion in rabbits ventilated at a low tidal volume (7\u20138\u00a0mL\/kg) and PEEP (2.5 cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) for lung protection. Arterial blood gas, hematologic values, plasma IL-8, blood pressure and heart rate were measured, and lung damage was evaluated histopathologically in animals treated with 8-h direct hemoperfusion with or without use of NOA-001. The in vitro adsorption rates for IL-8, IL-6, HMGB-1, activated granulocytes and PNCs were 99.5 (99.4\u201399.5)%, 63.9 (63.4\u201363.9)%, 57.6 (57.4\u201362.1)%, 9.9 (-4.4\u201321.3)% and 60.9 (49.0\u201367.6)%, respectively. Absorption of PNCs onto fibers was confirmed microscopically. These adsorption effects were associated with several improvements in the rabbit model. In respiratory function, the PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FIO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>ratios at 8\u00a0h were 314\u2009\u00b1\u200955\u00a0mmHg in the NOA-001 group and 134\u2009\u00b1\u200941\u00a0mmHg in the sham group. The oxygenation index and PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>at 8\u00a0h were 9.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1 and 57.0\u2009\u00b1\u20099.6\u00a0mmHg in the sham group and 3.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 and 40.4\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5\u00a0mmHg in the NOA-001 group, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Blood pH at 8\u00a0h reached 7.18\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06 in the sham group, but was maintained at 7.36\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03 (within the normal range) in the NOA-001 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In lung histopathology, fewer hyaline membrane and inflammatory cells were observed in the NOA-001 group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A column for simultaneous removal of cytokines and PNCs showed efficacy for improvement of pulmonary function in an animal model. This column may be effective in support of treatment of ARDS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-021-00414-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]],"date-time":"2021-09-26T23:06:39Z","timestamp":1632697599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of a simultaneous adsorption device for cytokines and platelet\u2013neutrophil complexes in vitro and in a rabbit acute lung injury model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yumiko","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chisa","family":"Kuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Komachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keishi","family":"Miwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2682-1","volume":"38","author":"D Niall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niall D, Ferguson ND, Fan E, Camporota L, Antonelli M, Anzueto A, Beale R, Brochard L, Brower R, Esteban A, Gattinoni L, Rhodes A, Slutsky AS, Vincent JL, Rubenfeld GD, Thompson BT, Ranieri VM (2012) The Berlin definition of ARDS: an expanded rationale, justification, and supplementary material. 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(Approval Nos.: HC2016-39, HC2018-6). The study using rabbits was reviewed by the Animal Care and Use Committee and approved by the head of the test facility (Approval No.: AC2017-93). This study was performed in accordance with the Guidelines for Animal Experiments, Research & Development Division, Toray Industries, Inc.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"This study was conducted with research funds from Toray Industries, Inc. YS, KS, HT, CK, SK and KM are employees of Toray Industries, Inc. TK received a consulting fee from Toray Industries, Inc.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"49"}}