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Bioprocess."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>In this study, the CTLs from Hainan, China, were used, the aroma profiles of CTLs from five years (2017\u20132021) and three varieties [Hainan2 (HN2), Jianheng3 (JH3), and Guyin4 (GY4)] were analyzed, and the microbial communities of these CTLs and the relation with aroma constituents were explored. Results revealed the contents of total aroma constituents (3.55\u20137.67\u00a0mg\/kg), esters (47.4\u2013824\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg), alcohols (123\u2013561\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg), aldehydes (51.4\u201397.1\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg), and nitrogen heterocycles (1.86\u20134.25\u00a0mg\/kg), firstly increased and subsequently declined with the increase of years, whereas ketones (1.07\u20133.56\u00a0mg\/kg) exhibited an inverse trend. Among the different varieties, the highest aldehyde (142\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg) content was observed in JH3, while the highest total aroma constituents, acids, ketones, and nitrogen heterocycles were found in GY4, reaching 10.5, 0.604, 1.86, 6.43\u00a0mg\/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the bacterial communities of CTLs from different years exhibited discernible succession with increasing years. The abundances of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> (3.03\u201347.5%) and <jats:italic>Sphingomonas<\/jats:italic> (1.18\u201310.2%) first increased and then decreased, whereas <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> (1.63\u201311.5%), <jats:italic>Ralstonia<\/jats:italic> (0.669\u201320.2%), and <jats:italic>Pantoea<\/jats:italic> (6.07\u201310.5%) exhibited the opposite trend, and <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cladosporium<\/jats:italic> with total abundances of 90.2\u201394.2% were predominant in all years. The dominant bacteria and fungi of CTLs from different varieties were identified as <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> (15.0\u201381.1%) and <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> (45.6\u201385.0%), respectively. However, the dominant microbial abundances in JH3 were significantly lower than those in HN2 and GY4, while other microorganism abundances were increased. Partial least square-regression analysis demonstrated that <jats:italic>Paracoccus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Aerococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pantoea<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Methylobacterium<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>Methylorubrum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic> of CTLs from different years were associated with aroma constituents.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40643-025-00906-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T12:00:14Z","timestamp":1753704014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characterization of aroma profile and microbial community of cigar tobacco leaves from different aging periods and varieties and their correlations analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yansong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8517-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"906_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-020-00836-7","volume":"8","author":"OYA Costa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costa OYA, de Hollander M, Pijl A, Liu B, Kuramar EE (2020) Cultivation-independent and cultivation-dependent metagenomes reveal genetic and enzymatic potential of microbial community involved in the degradation of a complex microbial polymer. 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