{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:34:14Z","timestamp":1787898854467,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Accurate preoperative imaging localization is paramount to the success of targeted parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Four-dimensional (4D) CT is a promising method for preoperative localization of the parathyroid, but studies on the performance of 4D CT and technetium 99\u00a0m-sestamibi SPECT\/CT for the diagnosis of diseases of the parathyroid are limited.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To compare the diagnostic performance of sestamibi SPECT\/CT and 4D-CT for preoperative localization in patients with PHPT in a single-institution from August 2017 to May 2024.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Two hundred forty-two patients with PHPT (166 females; 52.5 years\u2009\u00b1\u200913.4 [SD]) were evaluated. Among the 242 patients, 233 patients (96.3%) had single-gland disease, and 9 patients (3.7%) had multigland disease. Similar diagnostic performance was observed for sestamibi SPECT\/CT and 4D-CT ([receiver operating characteristic ROC], 0.90 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.92] and 0.88 [95% CI: 0.85, 0.90], respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.11). Compared with 4D-CT, combined-modality sensitive reading and sestamibi SPECT\/CT had the highest ROC, and, although there was no significant difference between the two (ROC, 0.91; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.93; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.14), they significantly differed from 4D-CT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0006). Sestamibi SPECT\/CT showed an accuracy of 92% (95% CI: 90%, 94%), similar to 4D-CT (91%; 95% CI: 89%, 92%), combined-modality sensitive reading (91%; 95% CI: 89%, 93%) and combined-modality specificity reading (92%; 95% CI: 90%, 94%).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Sestamibi SPECT\/CT has high accuracy in preoperative localization in patients with PHPT. Compared with sestamibi SPECT\/CT alone, 4D-CT and combined-modality reading did not improve diagnostic performance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T06:51:32Z","timestamp":1752216692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of four-dimensional CT and Sestamibi SPECTCT in the localization management of primary hyperparathyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xili","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonghui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanwen","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linpeng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4782-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinhui","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"897_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.104","volume":"14","author":"MD Walker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Walker MD, Silverberg SJ. Primary hyperparathyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14:115\u201325.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4665","volume":"37","author":"S Minisola","year":"2022","unstructured":"Minisola S, Arnold A, Belaya Z, Brandi ML, Clarke BL, Hannan FM, et al. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Min Res. 2022;37:2315\u201329.","journal-title":"J Bone Min Res"},{"key":"897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4677","volume":"37","author":"JP Bilezikian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Silverberg SJ, Fuleihan GE, Marcocci C, Minisola S, et al. Evaluation and management of primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement and guidelines from the fifth international workshop. J Bone Min Res. 2022;37:2293\u2013314.","journal-title":"J Bone Min Res"},{"key":"897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5694-1","volume":"24","author":"M Jinih","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jinih M, O\u2019Connell E, O\u2019Leary DP, Liew A, Redmond HP. Focused versus bilateral parathyroid exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24:1924\u201334.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0565","volume":"174","author":"S Minisola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Minisola S, Cipriani C, Diacinti D, Tartaglia F, Scillitani A, Pepe J, et al. Imaging of the parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism. 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Surgery. 2015;157:534\u20139.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"897_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.12.044","volume":"206","author":"MM Mortenson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mortenson MM, Evans DB, Lee JE, Hunter GJ, Shellingerhout D, Vu T, et al. Parathyroid exploration in the reoperative neck: improved preoperative localization with 4D-computed tomography. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:888\u201395.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"897_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.2649","volume":"152","author":"S Sho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sho S, Yuen AD, Yeh MW, Livhits MJ, Sepahdari AR. Factors associated with discordance between preoperative parathyroid 4-Dimensional computed tomographic scans and intraoperative findings during parathyroidectomy. 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Nucl Med Commun. 2021;42:225\u201333.","journal-title":"Nucl Med Commun"},{"key":"897_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24027","volume":"38","author":"G Treglia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Treglia G, Sadeghi R, Schalin-J\u00e4ntti C, Caldarella C, Ceriani L, Giovanella L, et al. Detection rate of 99mTc-MIBI single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)\/CT in preoperative planning for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: A meta-analysis. Head Neck. 2016;38:2159\u201372.","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000000262","volume":"36","author":"KK Wong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wong KK, Fig LM, Gross MD, Dwamena BA. Parathyroid adenoma localization with 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT\/CT: A meta analysis. 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Ear Nose Throat J. 2019;98:149\u201357.","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"}],"container-title":["Cancer Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T05:02:46Z","timestamp":1757221366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cancerimagingjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40644-025-00897-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-7330"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-7330","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Ethics committee approval No: IIT20240932A). Because this study was retrospective, the requirement of informed consent was waived. It was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"90"}}