{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T04:00:50Z","timestamp":1782273650041,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"ATOX Co., Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EJNMMI Phys"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22\u201345\u00a0years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10\u00a0min. These two scans were initiated 30\u00a0min and 45\u00a0min after FDG injection (4.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u00a0MBq\/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants\u2019 age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.811, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.738, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>\n                           <jats:italic>Trial registration\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                        <\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/jrct.niph.go.jp\/latest-detail\/jRCTs032210086\">https:\/\/jrct.niph.go.jp\/latest-detail\/jRCTs032210086<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40658-022-00498-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T18:02:35Z","timestamp":1665252155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1953-7428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miwako","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Go","family":"Akamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuma","family":"Iwao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Tashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiga","family":"Yamaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"498_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)00218-x","volume":"397","author":"BR Bloem","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bloem BR, Okun MS, Klein C. 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Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All participants have consented to the submission of the PET images obtained in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"This study was financially supported by ATOX Co., Ltd.; G. Akamatsu, H. Tashima, E. Yoshida, and T. Yamaya have applied for patents related to the development of our brain-dedicated PET system; no other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article exist.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"69"}}