{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T18:52:41Z","timestamp":1767984761631,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RYC-2016-20471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2016-20471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eye and Vis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate which factors are correlated with the visual improvement achieved with a specific model of scleral contact lens (SCL) in keratoconus (KC) eyes and to define a model to predict such improvement according to the pre-fitting data. In addition, the changes occurred with the fitting of a specific model of SCL during a period of 3\u00a0months in corneas with KC have been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Longitudinal retrospective study including 30 eyes of 18 patients (age, 14\u201365\u00a0years) with KC fitted with the SCL ICD16.50 (Paragon Vision Sciences). Visual, refractive, corneal tomographic and ocular aberrometric changes were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up. Likewise, the characterization of the post-lens meniscus was performed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the measurement of central, nasal and temporal vaults.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The visual acuity increased significantly from a mean pre-fitting value with spectacles of 0.23\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) to a mean value of 0.10\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 logMAR after 1\u00a0month of SCL wear (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). An improvement of 1 or more lines of visual acuity with the SCL occurred in 62.1% of the eyes. A significant decrease in central, nasal, and temporal vault was observed after 1\u00a0month of SCL wear (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.046). Likewise, there was a significant difference between nasal and temporal vaults during the first month of SCL use (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). Furthermore, a significant reduction of ocular high order (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028) and primary coma root mean square (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018) was found with the SCL. A predicting linear equation of the change in visual acuity achievable with the SCL was obtained (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.878) considering the pre-fitting spectacle corrected distance visual acuity, and the power and sagittal lens of SCL.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The scleral contact lens evaluated provides an efficacious visual rehabilitation in KC due to the improvement of visual acuity and the correction of low and high-order ocular aberrations. This visual acuity improvement can be predicted from some pre-fitting variables.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:03:10Z","timestamp":1665014590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization and prediction of the clinical result with a specific model of mini-scleral contact lens in corneas with keratoconus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Abdelkader","family":"Sidi Mohamed Hamida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garc\u00eda-Barch\u00edn","family":"Marta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruiz-Fortes","family":"Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1546-4807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David P.","family":"Pi\u00f1ero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.10.001","volume":"38","author":"F Alipour","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alipour F, Behrouz MJ, Samet B. Mini-scleral lenses in the visual rehabilitation of patients after penetrating keratoplasty and deep lamellar anterior keratoplasty. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2015;38(1):54\u20138.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_730_16","volume":"65","author":"M Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar M, Shetty R, Jayadev C. Role of mini-scleral lens in mucous membrane pemphigoid. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(4):320\u20132.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000173","volume":"26","author":"A Parminder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parminder A, Jacobs DS. Advances in scleral lenses for refractive surgery complications. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2015;26(4):243\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"310_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S52483","volume":"9","author":"VM Rathi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rathi VM, Mandathara PS, Taneja M, Dumpati S, Sangwan VS. Scleral lens for keratoconus: technology update. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015;9:2013\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307059","volume":"100","author":"PK Maharana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maharana PK, Dubey A, Jhanji V, Sharma N, Das S, Vajpayee RB. Management of advanced corneal ectasias. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016;100(1):34\u201340.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000293","volume":"44","author":"C Suarez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suarez C, Madariaga V, Lepage B, Malecaze M, Fourni\u00e9 P, Soler V, et al. First experience with the ICD 16.5 mini-scleral lens for optic and therapeutic purposes. Eye Cont Lens. 2018;44(1):44\u20139.","journal-title":"Eye Cont Lens"},{"issue":"9","key":"310_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001578","volume":"97","author":"DG Fuller","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fuller DG, Wang Y. Safety and efficacy of scleral lenses for keratoconus. Optom Vis Sci. 2020;97(9):741\u20138.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.07.007","volume":"42","author":"M Schornack","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schornack M, Nau C, Harthan J, Fogt J, Shorter E. Visual and physiological outcomes of scleral lens wear. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2019;42(1):3\u20138.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"310_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.02.002","volume":"37","author":"E van der Worp","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Worp E, Bornman D, Ferreira DL, Faria-Ribeiro M, Garcia-Porta N, Gonz\u00e1lez-Meijome JMl. Modern scleral contact lenses: a review. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2014;37(4):240\u201350.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"10","key":"310_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000018","volume":"90","author":"ES Visser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Visser ES, Van der Linden BJ, Otten HM, Van der Lelij A, Visser R. Medical applications and outcomes of bitangential scleral lenses. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90(10):1078\u201385.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"310_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S1888-4296(10)70022-4","volume":"3","author":"B Severinsky","year":"2010","unstructured":"Severinsky B, Millodot M. Current applications and efficacy of scleral contact lenses-a retrospective study. J Optom. 2010;3:158\u201363.","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000148311.94180.6b","volume":"24","author":"KW Pullum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pullum KW, Whiting MA, Buckley RJ. Scleral contact lenses: the expanding role. Cornea. 2005;24(3):269\u201377.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"310_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.10.022","volume":"185","author":"C Koppen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Koppen C, Kreps EO, Anthonissen L, Van Hoey M, Dhubhghaill SN, Vermeulen L. Scleral lenses reduce the need for corneal transplants in severe keratoconus. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;185:43\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"310_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001570","volume":"97","author":"RJ Macedo-de-Ara\u00fajo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Macedo-de-Ara\u00fajo RJ, Faria-Ribeiro M, McAlinden C, van der Worp E, Gonz\u00e1lez-M\u00e9ijome JM. Optical quality and visual performance for one year in a sample of scleral lens wearers. Optom Vis Sci. 2020;97(9):775\u201389.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.01.002","volume":"41","author":"JC Montalt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Montalt JC, Porcar E, Espa\u00f1a-Gregori E, Peris-Mart\u00ednez C. Visual quality with corneo-scleral contact lenses for keratoconus management. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2018;41(4):351\u20136.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"310_CR16","first-page":"56","volume":"4","author":"DP Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pi\u00f1ero DP. Fitting of a new design of full scleral contact lens in advanced keratoconus with previous implantation of intracorneal ring segments. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis. 2015;4:56\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"310_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.10.013","volume":"41","author":"VM Rathi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rathi VM, Mandathara PS, Dumpati S, Sangwan VS. Scleral lens after intracorneal ring segments in patients with keratoconus. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2018;41(2):234\u20137.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-322X.188400","volume":"11","author":"F Alipour","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alipour F, Rahimi F, Hashemian MN, Ajdarkosh Z, Roohipoor R, Mohebi M. Mini-scleral contact lens for management of poor visual outcomes after intrastromal corneal ring segments implantation in keratoconus. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2016;11(3):252\u20137.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"310_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000427","volume":"44","author":"H Otchere","year":"2018","unstructured":"Otchere H, Jones L, Sorbara L. The impact of scleral contact lens vault on visual acuity and comfort. Eye Cont Lens. 2018;44(Suppl 2):S54-59.","journal-title":"Eye Cont Lens"},{"issue":"9","key":"310_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e248","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000013","volume":"90","author":"J Sonsino","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sonsino J, Mathe DS. Central vault in dry eye patients successfully wearing scleral lens. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90(9):e248\u201351.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"310_CR21","unstructured":"Paragon Vision Sciences. https:\/\/www.paragonvision.com\/ecp\/products\/gp-materials.\u00a0Accessed 14 Oct 2021."},{"key":"310_CR22","first-page":"10","volume":"15","author":"DP Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pi\u00f1ero DP. Managing irregular cornea with scleral contact lenses. Ophthalmology Times Europe. 2019;15:10\u20133.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Times Europe"},{"issue":"2","key":"310_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000534","volume":"45","author":"M Serramito-Blanco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Serramito-Blanco M, Carpena-Torres C, Carballo J, Pi\u00f1ero D, Lipson M, Carracedo G. Anterior corneal curvature and aberration changes after scleral lens wear in keratoconus patients with and without ring segments. Eye Contact Lens. 2019;45(2):141\u20138.","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.04.200","volume":"42","author":"M Serramito","year":"2019","unstructured":"Serramito M, Carpena-Torres C, Carballo J, Pi\u00f1ero D, Lipson M, Carracedo G. Posterior cornea and thickness changes after scleral lens wear in keratoconus patients. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2019;42(1):85\u201391.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"310_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTO.S164454","volume":"10","author":"I Gimenez-Sanchis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gimenez-Sanchis I, Palacios-Carmen B, Garc\u00eda-Garrig\u00f3s A, Cant\u00f3-Va\u00f1\u00f3 J, P\u00e9rez-Ortega AJ, Pi\u00f1ero DP. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography to evaluate the peripheral fitting of scleral contact lenses. Clin Optom (Auckl). 2018;10:103\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Optom (Auckl)"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000340","volume":"44","author":"EB de Luis","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Luis Eguileor B, Etxebarria Ecenarro J, Santamaria Carro A, Feijoo Lera R. Irregular corneas: improve visual function with scleral contact lenses. Eye Cont Lens. 2018;44(3):159\u201363.","journal-title":"Eye Cont Lens"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.01.002","volume":"41","author":"JC Montalt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Montalt JC, Porcar E, Espa\u00f1a-Gregori E, Peris-Mart\u00ednez C. Visual quality with corneo-scleral contact lenses for keratoconus management. Cont Lens Ant Eye. 2018;41(4):351\u20136.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Ant Eye"},{"issue":"12","key":"310_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.07.022","volume":"32","author":"TO Salmon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Salmon TO, van de Pol C. Normal-eye Zernike coefficients and root-mean-square wavefront errors. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006;32(12):2064\u201374.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.24.000578","volume":"24","author":"RA Applegate","year":"2007","unstructured":"Applegate RA, Donnelly WJ 3rd, Marsack JD, Koenig DE, Pesudovs K. Three-dimensional relationship between high-order root-mean-square wavefront error, pupil diameter, and aging. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2007;24(3):578\u201387.","journal-title":"J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis"},{"issue":"9","key":"310_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001577","volume":"97","author":"S Rijal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rijal S, Hastings GD, Nguyen LC, Kauffman MJ, Applegate RA, Marsack JD. The impact of misaligned wavefront-guided correction in a scleral lens for the highly aberrated eye. Optom Vis Sci. 2020;97(9):732\u201340.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.10.046","volume":"37","author":"JL Ali\u00f3","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ali\u00f3 JL, Pi\u00f1ero DP, Ales\u00f3n A, Teus MA, Barraquer RI, Murta J, et al. Keratoconus-integrated characterization considering anterior corneal aberrations, internal astigmatism, and corneal biomechanics. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011;37(3):552\u201368.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"310_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.11.012","volume":"36","author":"DP Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pi\u00f1ero DP, Ali\u00f3 JL, Ales\u00f3n A, Escaf Vergara M, Miranda M. Corneal volume, pachymetry, and correlation of anterior and posterior corneal shape in subclinical and different stages of clinical keratoconus. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36(5):814\u201325.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"310_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2018.10.002","volume":"12","author":"RJ Macedo-de-Ara\u00fajo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Macedo-de-Ara\u00fajo RJ, van der Worp E, Gonz\u00e1lez-M\u00e9ijome JM. In vivo assessment of the anterior scleral contour assisted by automatic profilometry and changes in conjunctival shape after miniscleral contact lens fitting. J Optom. 2019;12(2):131\u201340.","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"issue":"2","key":"310_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.07.002","volume":"41","author":"SJ Vincent","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vincent SJ, Alonso-Caneiro D, Collins MJ. The temporal dynamics of miniscleral contact lenses: central corneal clearance and centration. Cont Lens Ant Eye. 2018;41(2):162\u20138.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Ant Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12380","volume":"37","author":"C Bray","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bray C, Britton S, Yeung D, Haines L, Sorbara L. Change in over-refraction after scleral lens settling on average corneas. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2017;37(4):467\u201372.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"310_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.03.008","volume":"40","author":"VM Rathi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rathi VM, Mandathara PS, Dumpati S, Sangwan VS. Change in vault during scleral lens trials assessed with anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Cont Lens Ant Eye. 2017;40:157\u201361.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Ant Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"310_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.03.003","volume":"40","author":"C Courey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Courey C, Michaud L. Variation of clearance considering viscosity of the solution used in the reservoir and following scleral lens wear over time. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2017;40(4):260\u20136.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"9","key":"310_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001111","volume":"94","author":"H Otchere","year":"2017","unstructured":"Otchere H, Jones LW, Sorbara L. Effect of time on scleral lens settling and change in corneal clearance. Optom Vis Sci. 2017;94(9):908\u201313.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.05.005","volume":"42","author":"DP Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pi\u00f1ero DP, Mart\u00ednez-Abad A, Soto-Negro R, Ruiz-Fortes P, P\u00e9rez-Cambrod\u00ed RJ, Ariza-Gracia MA, et al. Differences in corneo-scleral topographic profile between healthy and keratoconus corneas. Cont Lens Ant Eye. 2019;42(1):75\u201384.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Ant Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"310_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000803","volume":"93","author":"SJ Vincent","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vincent SJ, Alonso-Caneiro D, Collins MJ, Beanland A, Lam L, Lim CC, et al. Hypoxic corneal changes following eight hours of scleral contact lens wear. Optom Vis Sci. 2016;93(3):293\u20139.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"310_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.03.001","volume":"42","author":"SJ Vincent","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vincent SJ, Alonso-Caneiro D, Collins MJ. The time course and nature of corneal oedema during sealed miniscleral contact lens wear. Cont Lens Ant Eye. 2019;42(1):49\u201354.","journal-title":"Cont Lens Ant Eye"}],"container-title":["Eye and Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:05:22Z","timestamp":1665014722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/eandv.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40662-022-00310-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-0254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-0254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the study was approved by the ethics committee for medical research of the Health Department of Alicante (General Hospital, Alicante, Spain) (CEIm 2020\u2013048, ISABIAL 200045) and informed consent was obtained from all patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"39"}}