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The sinus mucosa was elevated, and the space obtained was filled with xenograft. In the test site (treated sites), autogenous bone was harvested from the tibia and was placed either in the antrostomy and the subjacent region while the control site was left untreated. Antrostomy was covered bilaterally with collagen membranes. Animals were euthanized after 1 and 8\u00a0weeks of healing, with 8 rabbits in each group. Histomorphometric evaluations were done. The Wilcoxon test is used for statistical analysis, for a 5% statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>After 1\u2009week of healing, the new bone proportion in the antrostomy was 7.7\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2% and 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20096.4% in the treated and untreated sites, respectively. In the subjacent region (close-to-window region), hardly any new bone was assessed. In the elevated region, 2.7\u20132.8% of total new bone was found in both sites. In the antrostomy region, after 8\u2009weeks of healing, 35.5\u2009\u00b1\u200920.9% of new bone in the treated sites, and 28.6\u2009\u00b1\u200924.1% in the untreated sites was observed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.499). In the close-to-window region, the respective proportions were 25.8\u2009\u00b1\u200916.1% and 17.6\u2009\u00b1\u200916.3% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018). In the elevated region, the total new bone reached fractions of 27.9\u2009\u00b1\u200912.9% and 23.6\u2009\u00b1\u200915.2% in the treated and untreated sites, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.128).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The placement of autogenous bone in the antrostomy and the subjacent region after maxillary sinus elevation, slightly enhanced bone formation compared with sites only grafted with xenograft. Though, only the subjacent close-to-window region showed a statistical significance at 8\u2009weeks of healing. Despite the limitations of the present study, due to its preclinical nature, findings should be extrapolated to humans with caution.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-020-0206-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:04:37Z","timestamp":1583280277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Influence of the use of autogenous bone particles to close the access window after maxillary sinus floor augmentation: an experimental study in rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Favero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4324-4550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Vi\u00f1a-Almunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Carda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Javier","family":"Mart\u00edn de Llano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berta","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Soto-Pe\u00f1aloza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Pe\u00f1arrocha-Diago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Botticelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-206_CR1.1","unstructured":"Tatum, H., Jr. Maxillary sinus grafting for endosseous implants. 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Reference number: A1434714637496.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Daniele Botticelli declares to be the co-owner of Ariminum Odontologica. Giacomo Favero, Jose Vi\u00f1a-Almunia, Carmen Carda, Jos\u00e9 Javier Mart\u00edn de Llano, Berta Garc\u00eda-Mira, David Soto-Pe\u00f1aloza, Daniele Botticelli, and Miguel Pe\u00f1arrocha-Diago declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9"}}