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This study comprehensively evaluated the changes in blood levels of five gastrointestinal peptide: substance P, neuropeptide (NPY), motilin, ghrelin and leptin, following chemotherapy, and the relationship between these peptides and CINV or anorexia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This single-center, prospective, observational study recruited 20 patients with esophageal cancer, urothelial cancer, or testiculoma undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Plasma levels of five gastrointestinal peptides were measured on days 1 (baseline; before administering chemotherapy), 3, 5 and 8 of the chemotherapy session. Anorexia and CINV were defined as visual analog scale scores 25\u00a0mm or higher at least once during the observation period.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Plasma NPY and leptin were significantly elevated in the early phase (day 3) of the chemotherapy session, while plasma motilin and substance P were significantly elevated in the late phase (days 5 and 8). Plasma motilin showed significant elevation on days 5 and 8 compared to baseline in CINV group but no significant increase in non-CINV group, and the levels were significantly higher in CINV than in non-CINV group. Plasma leptin peaked significantly on day 3 in both anorexia and non-anorexia groups, and remained significantly higher on day 5 compared to baseline in anorexia group but not in non-anorexia group.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>CINV is associated with excessive secretion of motilin and anorexia is related to sustained elevation of leptin, suggesting the potential of these peptides as quantitative indicators of CINV and anorexia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40780-025-00424-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T07:59:26Z","timestamp":1741161566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting or anorexia with plasma levels of five gastrointestinal peptides in patients receiving chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Tatsuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asami","family":"Tashibu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomotaka","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadasuke","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshitaka","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"424_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(02)00674-3","volume":"39","author":"PJ Hesketh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hesketh PJ, Van Belle S, Aapro M, Tattersall FD, Naylor RJ, Hargreaves R, et al. 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