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The cause is currently not well understood. IgG4-related diseases involving lesions limited to the pleura are extremely rare. Herein, we report an IgG4-related disease presenting with multiple pleural nodules confirmed by thoracoscopic surgical biopsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 74\u00a0year-old man was referred to our department for definitive diagnosis of multiple pleural nodules after 1\u00a0year of follow-up. Computed tomography of the chest revealed multiple pleural nodules, while 2-deoxy-2-(<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging exhibited tracer accumulation in the nodules. A thoracoscopic surgical biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed hyalinized fibrous tissue with a high degree of plasma cell-based inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemically, IgG4-positive cells were conspicuous, accounting for 70.5% of the plasma cells. The postoperative serum IgG4 concentration was 289\u00a0mg\/dL. We diagnosed the patient with an IgG4-related disease with multiple pleural nodules. The postoperative course was good, and the patient is currently being followed up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>IgG4-related disease should be considered in cases presenting with multiple pleural nodules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-021-01166-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T12:03:19Z","timestamp":1617796999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Multiple pleural nodules diagnosed as IgG4-related disease: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0546-0236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihito","family":"Iijima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Iwai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nozomu","family":"Motono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuo","family":"Usuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Shioya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeki","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohsuke","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Uramoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1166_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1175-y","volume":"38","author":"T Kamisawa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kamisawa T, Funata N, Hayashi Y, Eishi Y, Koike M, Tsuruta K, et al. 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