{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T17:11:01Z","timestamp":1788628261031,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["surg case rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Plexiform schwannoma is one of the least common variants of schwannoma, accounting for only 5% of all schwannoma cases. It generally occurs in the skin and subcutaneous tissues and is uncommon in deep soft tissue or viscera. We present an extremely rare case of plexiform schwannoma arising from the peripancreatic plexus.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 29-year-old man presented with hyperglycemia detected during a medical checkup. He was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes based on the clinical findings and laboratory tests. During the diagnostic process for diabetes, a 2.5\u00a0cm mass was incidentally detected in the pancreas by abdominal ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a mass that was gradually enhanced at the body and tail of the pancreas. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed low signal intensity of the mass on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed no abnormal findings in the main pancreatic duct. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed a lobulated, low-echoic mass with a clear boundary. EUS-guided fine needle biopsy was performed, and spindle-shaped cells that were diffusely immunopositive for S-100 and negative for c-kit and desmin were detected, resulting in a diagnosis of a neurogenic tumor arising from the pancreas or the peripancreatic nerve plexus. The patient underwent laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy. Although the tumor was connected to the splenic plexus, the splenic artery could be divided along its adventitial plane. Macroscopic findings of the excised tumor consisted of multiple yellowish-white nodules, and its histopathological features were consistent with plexiform schwannoma. There was no pancreatic tissue on the dorsal surface of the tumor, which suggested that the tumor arose from the peripancreatic nerve plexus.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings documented herein can aid in the differential diagnosis of peripancreatic schwannoma and in planning appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T13:02:44Z","timestamp":1630155764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A case of peripancreatic plexiform schwannoma"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0305-3012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Shinzeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Omori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natsuko","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ashitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.182768","volume":"7","author":"P Chikkannaiah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chikkannaiah P, Boovalli MM, Nathiyal V, Venkataramappa S. Morphological spectrum of peripheral nerve sheath tumors: An insight into World Health Organization 2013 classification. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2016;7(3):346\u201354.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"1284_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2007.10.029","volume":"39","author":"JC Berg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Berg JC, Scheithauer BW, Spinner RJ, Allen CM, Koutlas IG. Plexiform schwannoma: a clinicopathologic overview with emphasis on the head and neck region. Hum Pathol. 2008;39(5):633\u201340.","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"1284_CR3","volume-title":"Enzinger & Weiss's soft tissue tumors","author":"JR Goldblum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goldblum JR, Folpe AL, Weiss SW. Enzinger & Weiss\u2019s soft tissue tumors. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020.","edition":"7"},{"key":"1284_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-197809000-00165","volume":"37","author":"JC Harkin","year":"1978","unstructured":"Harkin JC. Benign plexiform schwannoma, a lesion distinct from plexiform neurofibroma. J Neurolpathol Exp Neurol. 1978;37:622.","journal-title":"J Neurolpathol Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1284_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1986.tb02595.x","volume":"10","author":"CD Fletcher","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fletcher CD, Davies SE. Benign plexiform (multinodular) schwannoma: a rare tumour unassociated with neurofibromatosis. Histopathology. 1986;10(9):971\u201380.","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1284_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-016-0687-y","volume":"9","author":"S Kudose","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kudose S, Kyriakos M, Awad MM. Gastric plexiform schwannoma in association with neurofibromatosis type 2. Clin J Gastroenterol. 2016;9(6):352\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1284_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.03.029","volume":"44","author":"G Retrosi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Retrosi G, Nanni L, Ricci R, Manzoni C, Pintus C. Plexiform schwannoma of the esophagus in a child with neurofibromatosis type 2. J Pediatr Surg. 2009;44(7):1458\u201361.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"1284_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-003-2610-7","volume":"33","author":"A Iida","year":"2003","unstructured":"Iida A, Imamura Y, Katayama K, Hirose K, Yamaguchi A. Plexiform schwannoma of the small intestine: report of a case. Surg Today. 2003;33(12):940\u20133.","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR9","first-page":"9","volume":"6","author":"S Kohyama","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kohyama S, Hara Y, Nishiura Y, Hara T, Nakagawa T, Ochiai N. A giant plexiform schwannoma of the brachial plexus: case report. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj. 2011;6(1):9.","journal-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR10","first-page":"20","volume":"2","author":"GF Kao","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kao GF, Laskin WB, Olsen TG. Solitary cutaneous plexiform neurilemmoma (schwannoma): a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of 11 cases. Mod Pathol. 1989;2(1):20\u20136.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"21 Suppl 1","key":"1284_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000435743.49414.b6","volume":"81","author":"SR Plotkin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Plotkin SR, Blakeley JO, Dombi E, Fisher MJ, Hanemann CO, Walsh KS, et al. Achieving consensus for clinical trials: the REiNS International Collaboration. Neurology. 2013;81(21 Suppl 1):S1-5.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1284_CR12","volume-title":"Surgical pathology of the nervous system and its coverings","author":"PC Burger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Burger PC, Scheithauer BW, Vogel FS. Surgical pathology of the nervous system and its coverings. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 2002.","edition":"4"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03492-y","volume":"21","author":"D Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu D, Choi JH, Jeon I. Giant intradural plexiform schwannoma of the lumbosacral spine - a case report and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21(1):454.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1284_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.5.JNS09244","volume":"112","author":"MN Hebert-Blouin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hebert-Blouin MN, Amrami KK, Scheithauer BW, Spinner RJ. Multinodular\/plexiform (multifascicular) schwannomas of major peripheral nerves: an underrecognized part of the spectrum of schwannomas. J Neurosurg. 2010;112(2):372\u201382.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"1284_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000044763.39452.aa","volume":"15","author":"RE Ferner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ferner RE, O\u2019Doherty MJ. Neurofibroma and schwannoma. Curr Opin Neurol. 2002;15(6):679\u201384.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1284_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860515)57:10<2006::AID-CNCR2820571022>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"57","author":"BS Ducatman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ducatman BS, Scheithauer BW, Piepgras DG, Reiman HM, Ilstrup DM. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. A clinicopathologic study of 120 cases. Cancer. 1986;57(10):2006\u201321.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"1284_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199406000-00011","volume":"16","author":"M Megahed","year":"1994","unstructured":"Megahed M. Plexiform schwannoma. Am J Dermatopathol. 1994;16(3):288\u201393.","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"1284_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-342","volume":"15","author":"XN Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li XN, Cui JL, Christopasak SP, Kumar A, Peng ZG. Multiple plexiform schwannomas in the plantar aspect of the foot: case report and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:342.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"1284_CR19","first-page":"16","volume":"6","author":"A Parihar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parihar A, Verma S, Suri T, Agarwal A, Bansal K, Gupta R. Plexiform schwannoma of Lumbar Region. APSP J Case Rep. 2015;6(2):16.","journal-title":"APSP J Case Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"1284_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198310000-00009","volume":"7","author":"JM Woodruff","year":"1983","unstructured":"Woodruff JM, Marshall ML, Godwin TA, Funkhouser JW, Thompson NJ, Erlandson RA. Plexiform (multinodular) schwannoma. A tumor simulating the plexiform neurofibroma. Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7(7):691\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1284_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.08.066","volume":"153","author":"TC Kuo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kuo TC, Yang CY, Wu JM, Huang PH, Lai HS, Lee PH, et al. Peripancreatic schwannoma. Surgery. 2013;153(4):542\u20138.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"10","key":"1284_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.3919\/jjsa.62.2535","volume":"62","author":"H Kusanagi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kusanagi H, Kano N, Fukazawa M, Ohta A, Uchida C, Yamada S. A case of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for retroperitoneal schwannoma (in Japanese with English abstract). J Jpn Surg Assoc. 2001;62(10):2535\u20138.","journal-title":"J Jpn Surg Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"1284_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.4030\/jjcs.37.1023","volume":"37","author":"T Fukui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fukui T, Kojima N, Kusakabe M, Yokoi T. A case of neurilemoma arising from peripheral nerve around pancreas that was difficult to diagnose preoperatively (in Japanese with English abstract). JJCS. 2012;37(5):1023\u20138.","journal-title":"JJCS"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3856-6","volume":"17","author":"Y Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma Y, Shen B, Jia Y, Luo Y, Tian Y, Dong Z, et al. Pancreatic schwannoma: a case report and an updated 40-year review of the literature yielding 68 cases. BMC Cancer. 2017;17(1):853.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"1284_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.20985","volume":"37","author":"S Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li S, Ai SZ, Owens C, Kulesza P. Intrapancreatic schwannoma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology. Diagn Cytopathol. 2009;37(2):132\u20135.","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1089\/pancan.2018.0002","volume":"4","author":"K Hayashi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayashi K, Tsuchiya A, Ikarashi S, Takizawa K, Terai S. A case of pancreatic schwannoma diagnosed preoperatively by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration and treated with laparoscopic surgery. J Pancreat Cancer. 2018;4(1):7\u201310.","journal-title":"J Pancreat Cancer"},{"issue":"37","key":"1284_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8439","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i37.8439","volume":"22","author":"SY Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu SY, Sun K, Owusu-Ansah KG, Xie HY, Zhou L, Zheng SS, et al. Central pancreatectomy for pancreatic schwannoma: a case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(37):8439\u201346.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1284_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000485559","volume":"12","author":"T Watanabe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Watanabe T, Araki K, Ishii N, Igarashi T, Watanabe A, Kubo N, et al. A Surgically resected pancreatic schwannoma with obstructive jaundice with special reference to differential diagnosis from other cystic lesions in the pancreas. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2018;12(1):85\u201391.","journal-title":"Case Rep Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Surgical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T13:11:50Z","timestamp":1630156310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/surgicalcasereports.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40792-021-01284-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article satisfied the consensus of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Ethics Committee\/Institutional Review Board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from the patient described in this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests to report.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"199"}}