{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T16:25:22Z","timestamp":1793463922768,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["surg case rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic> is a human commensal bacterium of the urogenital tract, and extragenital infection caused by <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> has rarely been reported. The identification of <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> is challenging, and surgeons are generally not aware that this bacteria can cause postoperative infection. Here, we report a rare case of postoperative mediastinitis caused by <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> after cardiac surgery in an immunocompetent patient.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 54-year-old man presented with pain and purulent discharge from the wound after aortic valve replacement and patent foramen ovale closure. However, Gram staining and culture of bacteria from the purulent discharge was negative, and empiric sulbactam\/ampicillin therapy was not effective. This patient developed mediastinitis and rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta caused by mediastinitis, and re-operation was performed. Then, postoperative mediastinitis caused by <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic> species was suspected and bacterial cultures targeting these pathogens were performed. <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> was identified from abscess and tissue obtained from the surgical site and urine. A final diagnosis of postoperative mediastinitis caused by <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> was determined. The patient was initially treated with levofloxacin and then with minocycline for 3\u00a0weeks. The patient\u2019s clinical condition improved; the patient was transferred to another hospital.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The role of <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> as a cause of postoperative infection might be underestimated in cardiac surgery. <jats:italic>M. hominis<\/jats:italic> should be considered when culture-negative purulent discharge is observed or there is no response to standard empiric treatment of postoperative infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-021-01326-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T11:02:44Z","timestamp":1637665364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Postoperative mediastinitis after cardiac surgery caused by Mycoplasma hominis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1651-0091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruna","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keijiro","family":"Katayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Tadera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihito","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kietaro","family":"Omori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norifumi","family":"Shigemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiichi","family":"Takasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ohge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1326_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15146","volume":"32","author":"P Horner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Horner P, Donders G, Cusini M, Gomberg M, Jensen JS, Unemo M. 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The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee for Epidemiology of Hiroshima University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they do not have any competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"248"}}