{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:57:41Z","timestamp":1784080661518,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UHasselt","award":["BOF23DOC40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOF23DOC40"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T000822N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T000822N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports Med - Open"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T10:32:38Z","timestamp":1759314758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exercise and Heart Rate Variability in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5677-3016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Meus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Van Eetvelde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Meuwissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira","family":"Meeus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Boullosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annick","family":"Timmermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Verbrugghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10137","key":"916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30488-4","volume":"391","author":"R Buchbinder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buchbinder R, van Tulder M, \u00d6berg B, et al. Low back pain: a call for action. Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2384\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30488-4. Epub 20180321.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"916_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2021.07.005","volume":"32","author":"S Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen S, Chen M, Wu X, et al. Global, regional and National burden of low back pain 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. J Orthop Translat. 2022;32:49\u201358. PubMed PMID: 34934626; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8639804.","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"916_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955367","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.955367","volume":"13","author":"DW Shin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shin DW, Shin JI, Koyanagi A, et al. Global, regional, and National neck pain burden in the general population, 1990\u20132019: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. Front Neurol. 2022;13:955367. PubMed PMID: 36119688; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9477009.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2356-67. Epub 20180321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30480-x. PubMed PMID: 29573870.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)30480-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04957-4","volume":"23","author":"S Kazeminasab","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kazeminasab S, Nejadghaderi SA, Amiri P, et al. Neck pain: global epidemiology, trends and risk factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04957-4. Epub 20220103.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"916_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200005010-00017","volume":"25","author":"SJ Linton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Linton SJ. A review of psychological risk factors in back and neck pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(9):1148\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200005010-00017. PubMed PMID: 10788861.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23710","volume":"71","author":"R Shiri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shiri R, Falah-Hassani K, Heli\u00f6vaara M, et al. Risk factors for low back pain: A Population-Based longitudinal study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019;71(2):290\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23710. PubMed PMID: 30044543.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2021-0006","volume":"21","author":"PM Bandeira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bandeira PM, Reis FJJ, Sequeira VCC, Chaves ACS, Fernandes O, Arruda-Sanchez T. Heart rate variability in patients with low back pain: a systematic review. Scand J Pain. 2021;21(3):426\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/sjpain-2021-0006. Epub 20210503.","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"916_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2018.11.010","volume":"42","author":"AD Santos-de-Ara\u00fajo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Santos-de-Ara\u00fajo AD, Dibai-Filho AV, Dos Santos SN, et al. Correlation between chronic neck pain and heart rate variability indices at rest: A Cross-sectional study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2019;42(4):219\u201326. PubMed PMID: 31255310.","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1271-1","volume":"16","author":"S Telles","year":"2016","unstructured":"Telles S, Sharma SK, Gupta RK, Bhardwaj AK, Balkrishna A. Heart rate variability in chronic low back pain patients randomized to yoga or standard care. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16(1):279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-016-1271-1. Epub 20160811.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"916_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt211","volume":"136","author":"JA Hashmi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashmi JA, Baliki MN, Huang L, et al. Shape shifting pain: chronification of back pain shifts brain representation from nociceptive to emotional circuits. Brain. 2013;136(Pt 9):2751\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awt211. PubMed PMID: 23983029; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3754458.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-0327(00)00338-4","volume":"61","author":"JF Thayer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Thayer JF, Lane RD. A model of neurovisceral integration in emotion regulation and dysregulation. J Affect Disord. 2000;61(3):201\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-0327(00)00338-4. PubMed PMID: 11163422.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"916_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang S, Chang MC. Chronic Pain: Structural and Functional Changes in Brain Structures and Associated Negative Affective States. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(13). Epub 20190626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20133130. PubMed PMID: 31248061; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6650904.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133130"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/ajp.0000000000000242","volume":"32","author":"J Koenig","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koenig J, Loerbroks A, Jarczok MN, Fischer JE, Thayer JF. Chronic pain and heart rate variability in a Cross-Sectional occupational sample: evidence for impaired vagal control. Clin J Pain. 2016;32(3):218\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ajp.0000000000000242. PubMed PMID: 25924095.","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","volume":"93","author":"Heart rate variability","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heart rate variability : standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task force of the European society of cardiology and the North American society of pacing and electrophysiology. Circulation. 1996;93(5):1043\u201365. PubMed PMID: 8598068.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.11.009","volume":"36","author":"JF Thayer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thayer JF, Ahs F, Fredrikson M, Sollers JJ 3rd, Wager TD. A meta-analysis of heart rate variability and neuroimaging studies: implications for heart rate variability as a marker of stress and health. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012;36(2):747\u201356. PubMed PMID: 22178086.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"916_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thayer JF, Hansen AL, Saus-Rose E, Johnsen BH. Heart rate variability, prefrontal neural function, and cognitive performance: the neurovisceral integration perspective on self-regulation, adaptation, and health. Ann Behav Med. 2009;37(2):141\u2009\u2013\u200953. Epub 20090508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12160-009-9101-z. PubMed PMID: 19424767.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-009-9101-z"},{"key":"916_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Forte G, Troisi G, Pazzaglia M, Pascalis V, Casagrande M. Heart Rate Variability and Pain: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci. 2022;12(2). Epub 20220124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12020153. PubMed PMID: 35203917; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8870705.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12020153"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.13294","volume":"24","author":"\u00c9P Rampazo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rampazo \u00c9P, Rehder-Santos P, Catai AM, Liebano RE. Heart rate variability in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review. Pain Pract. 2024;24(1):211\u201330. Epub 20230903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/papr.13294. PubMed PMID: 37661339.","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"916_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00275","volume":"9","author":"M Van Den Houte","year":"2018","unstructured":"Van Den Houte M, Van Oudenhove L, Van Diest I, et al. Negative affectivity, depression, and resting heart rate variability (HRV) as possible moderators of endogenous pain modulation in functional somatic syndromes. Front Psychol. 2018;9:275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00275. Epub 20180306.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"916_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Heathers JAJ. Everything hertz: methodological issues in short-term frequency-domain HRV. Front Physiol. 2014;5\u20132014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2014.00177","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00177"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0172","volume":"40","author":"M Gockel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gockel M, Lindholm H, Niemist\u00f6 L, Hurri H. Perceived disability but not pain is connected with autonomic nervous function among patients with chronic low back pain. J Rehabil Med. 2008;40(5):355\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/16501977-0172. PubMed PMID: 18461260.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000360","volume":"157","author":"LM Tracy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tracy LM, Ioannou L, Baker KS, Gibson SJ, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Giummarra MJ. Meta-analytic evidence for decreased heart rate variability in chronic pain implicating parasympathetic nervous system dysregulation. Pain. 2016;157(1):7\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000360. PubMed PMID: 26431423.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.13294","volume":"24","author":"\u00c9P Rampazo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rampazo \u00c9P, Rehder-Santos P, Catai AM, Liebano RE. Heart rate variability in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review. Pain Pract. 2024;24(1):211\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/papr.13294","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"916_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0178621","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178621","volume":"12","author":"OO Babatunde","year":"2017","unstructured":"Babatunde OO, Jordan JL, Van der Windt DA, Hill JC, Foster NE, Protheroe J. Effective treatment options for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: A systematic overview of current evidence. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(6):e0178621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178621. Epub 20170622.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215515570379","volume":"29","author":"A Searle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Searle A, Spink M, Ho A, Chuter V. Exercise interventions for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2015;29(12):1155\u201367. Epub 20150213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215515570379. PubMed PMID: 25681408.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-021-00278-6","volume":"18","author":"B Gr\u00e4ssler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4ssler B, Thielmann B, B\u00f6ckelmann I, H\u00f6kelmann A. Effects of different exercise interventions on heart rate variability and cardiovascular health factors in older adults: a systematic review. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2021;18(1):24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11556-021-00278-6. Epub 20211117.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Aging Phys Act"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesf.2021.10.003","volume":"20","author":"P Songsorn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Songsorn P, Somnarin K, Jaitan S, Kupradit A. The effect of whole-body high-intensity interval training on heart rate variability in insufficiently active adults. J Exerc Sci Fit. 2022;20(1):48\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesf.2021.10.003. Epub 20211117.","journal-title":"J Exerc Sci Fit"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2017.10.021","volume":"55","author":"W Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou W, Wan YH, Chen Q, Qiu YR, Luo XM. Effects of Tai Chi exercise on Cancer-Related fatigue in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy: A randomized controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018;55(3):737\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2017.10.021. Epub 20171106.","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"7","key":"916_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-013-0917-2","volume":"87","author":"DM Hallman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hallman DM, Ekman AH, Lyskov E. Changes in physical activity and heart rate variability in chronic neck-shoulder pain: monitoring during work and leisure time. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014;87(7):735\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00420-013-0917-2. Epub 20131026.","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"916_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amekran Y, Damoun N, Taiek N, El Hangouche AJ. Effects of aerobic training on heart rate variability in healthy adults: a systematic review. Gazz Med Italiana Archivio Per Le Scienze Mediche. 2023;182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0393-3660.23.04952-5","DOI":"10.23736\/S0393-3660.23.04952-5"},{"key":"916_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4103\/bjhs.bjhs_6_20","volume":"5","author":"S Shenoy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shenoy S, Khandekar Sathe P. A systematic review on the effect of high-intensity training on heart rate variability in sports professionals and healthy young adults. BLDE Univ J Health Sci. 2020;5:114\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/bjhs.bjhs_6_20","journal-title":"BLDE Univ J Health Sci"},{"key":"916_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"916_CR34","volume-title":"EndNote. EndNote 21.2 ed","author":"The EndNote Team","year":"2024","unstructured":"The EndNote Team. EndNote. EndNote 21.2 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Clarivate Analytics; 2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","volume":"5","author":"M Ouzzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan\u2014a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Reviews. 2016;5(1):210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","journal-title":"Syst Reviews"},{"issue":"10","key":"916_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20150668","volume":"96","author":"SC Slade","year":"2016","unstructured":"Slade SC, Dionne CE, Underwood M, et al. Consensus on exercise reporting template (CERT): modified Delphi study. Phys Ther. 2016;96(10):1514\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2522\/ptj.20150668. Epub 20160505.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"916_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898. Epub 20190828.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"916_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC, et al. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016;355:i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919. Epub 20161012."},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989x.7.1","volume":"7","author":"SB Morris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Morris SB, DeShon RP. Combining effect size estimates in meta-analysis with repeated measures and independent-groups designs. Psychol Methods. 2002;7(1):105\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1082-989x.7.1. PubMed PMID: 11928886.","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"916_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lakens D. Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: a practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Front Psychol. 2013;4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863"},{"issue":"7650","key":"916_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347. PubMed PMID: 18436948; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2335261.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8109","DOI":"10.5867\/medwave.2021.02.8109","volume":"21","author":"M Kirmayr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kirmayr M, Quilodr\u00e1n C, Valente B, Loezar C, Garegnani L, Franco JVA. The GRADE approach, part 1: how to assess the certainty of the evidence. Medwave. 2021;21(2):e8109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5867\/medwave.2021.02.8109. Epub 20210317.","journal-title":"Medwave"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.03","volume":"64","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. GRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence\u2013inconsistency. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(12):1294\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.03. Epub 20110731.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.04","volume":"64","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. GRADE guidelines: 8. Rating the quality of evidence\u2013indirectness. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(12):1303\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.04. Epub 20110730.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01","volume":"64","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. GRADE guidelines 6. Rating the quality of evidence\u2013imprecision. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(12):1283\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01. Epub 20110811.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011","volume":"64","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Montori V, et al. GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence\u2013publication bias. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(12):1277\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.01.011. Epub 20110730.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1230","DOI":"10.1002\/cl2.1230","volume":"18","author":"NR Haddaway","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haddaway NR, Page MJ, Pritchard CC, McGuinness LA. PRISMA2020: an R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and open synthesis. Campbell Syst Reviews. 2022;18(2):e1230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cl2.1230","journal-title":"Campbell Syst Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh ML. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2012;22(3):276\u201382. PubMed PMID: 23092060; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3900052.","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61617-8","volume":"10","author":"S Villafaina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villafaina S, Collado-Mateo D, Dom\u00ednguez-Mu\u00f1oz FJ, Gusi N, Fuentes-Garcia JP. Effects of exergames on heart rate variability of women with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-61617-8. Epub 20200320.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2017-0038","volume":"26","author":"A Wong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wong A, Figueroa A, Sanchez-Gonzalez MA, Son WM, Chernykh O, Park SY. Effectiveness of Tai Chi on cardiac autonomic function and symptomatology in women with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. J Aging Phys Act. 2018;26(2):214\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/japa.2017-0038. Epub 20180323.","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e90767","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090767","volume":"9","author":"MB Gavi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gavi MB, Vassalo DV, Amaral FT, et al. Strengthening exercises improve symptoms and quality of life but do not change autonomic modulation in fibromyalgia: a randomized clinical trial. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(3):e90767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0090767. Epub 20140320.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1 Suppl 88","key":"916_CR52","first-page":"S41","volume":"33","author":"B Sa\u00f1udo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sa\u00f1udo B, Carrasco L, de Hoyo M, Figueroa A, Saxton JM. Vagal modulation and symptomatology following a 6-month aerobic exercise program for women with fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(1 Suppl 88):S41\u20135. Epub 20150317. PubMed PMID: 25786042.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29171","DOI":"10.2196\/29171","volume":"10","author":"C Sitges","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sitges C, Terrasa JL, Garc\u00eda-Dopico N, et al. An educational and exercise mobile Phone-Based intervention to elicit electrophysiological changes and to improve psychological functioning in adults with nonspecific chronic low back pain (BackFit App): Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2022;10(3):e29171. Epub 20220315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/29171. PubMed PMID: 35289758; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8965676.","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"916_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Figueroa A, Kingsley JD, McMillan V, Panton LB. Resistance exercise training improves heart rate variability in women with fibromyalgia. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2008;28(1):49\u201354. Epub 20071114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2007.00776.x. PubMed PMID: 18005081.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2007.00776.x"},{"issue":"10","key":"916_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.07.003","volume":"91","author":"JD Kingsley","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kingsley JD, McMillan V, Figueroa A. The effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise training on disease severity and autonomic modulation at rest and after acute leg resistance exercise in women with fibromyalgia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(10):1551\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.07.003","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"916_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bardal EM, Roeleveld K, Mork PJ. Aerobic and cardiovascular autonomic adaptations to moderate intensity endurance exercise in patients with fibromyalgia. J Rehabil Med. 2015;47(7):639\u2009\u2013\u200946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/16501977-1966. PubMed PMID: 26035415.","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1966"},{"issue":"1 Suppl 88","key":"916_CR57","first-page":"S73","volume":"33","author":"AR Zamun\u00e9r","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zamun\u00e9r AR, Andrade CP, Forti M, et al. Effects of a hydrotherapy programme on symbolic and complexity dynamics of heart rate variability and aerobic capacity in fibromyalgia patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015;33(1 Suppl 88):S73\u201381. Epub 20150318. PubMed PMID: 25786047.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"916_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00258","volume":"5","author":"F Shaffer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaffer F, Ginsberg JP. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Front Public Health. 2017;5:258. Epub 20170928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00258. PubMed PMID: 29034226; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5624990.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"916_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Billman GE. The LF\/HF ratio does not accurately measure cardiac sympatho-vagal balance. Front Physiol. 2013;4\u20132013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2013.00026","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00026"},{"key":"916_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213","author":"S Laborde","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laborde S, Mosley E, Thayer JF. Front Psychol. 2017;8\u20132017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213. Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research \u2013 Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting."},{"issue":"4","key":"916_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2018-0418","volume":"27","author":"A Wong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wong A, Figueroa A. The effects of low intensity resistance exercise on cardiac autonomic function and muscle strength in obese postmenopausal women. J Aging Phys Act. 2019;27(4):855\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/japa.2018-0418. Epub 20191201.","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"issue":"11","key":"916_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002258","volume":"34","author":"AS Gisselman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gisselman AS, D\u2019Amico M, Smoliga JM. Optimizing intersession reliability of heart rate Variability-The effects of artifact correction and breathing type. J Strength Cond Res. 2020;34(11):3199\u2013207. PubMed PMID: 33105371.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"916_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cooke WH, Carter JR. Strength training does not affect vagal-cardiac control or cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity in young healthy subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2005;93(5\u20136):719\u2009\u2013\u200925. Epub 20041029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-004-1243-x. PubMed PMID: 15517338.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-004-1243-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.70252\/VJFF5546","volume":"10","author":"H Gerhart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gerhart H, Tai YL, Fennell C, Mayo X, Kingsley JD. Autonomic modulation in older women: using resistance exercise as a countermeasure. Int J Exerc Sci. 2017;10(2):178\u201387. Epub 20170301. PubMed PMID: 28344732; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5360374.","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H3180","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00648.2007","volume":"293","author":"KS Heffernan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heffernan KS, Fahs CA, Shinsako KK, Jae SY, Fernhall B. Heart rate recovery and heart rate complexity following resistance exercise training and detraining in young men. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007;293(5):H3180\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00648.2007. Epub 20070921.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR66","first-page":"281","volume":"51","author":"FR Caruso","year":"2015","unstructured":"Caruso FR, Arena R, Phillips SA, et al. Resistance exercise training improves heart rate variability and muscle performance: a randomized controlled trial in coronary artery disease patients. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2015;51(3):281\u20139. Epub 20141111. PubMed PMID: 25384514.","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/s1071-9164(03)00583-9","volume":"10","author":"SE Selig","year":"2004","unstructured":"Selig SE, Carey MF, Menzies DG, et al. Moderate-intensity resistance exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure improves strength, endurance, heart rate variability, and forearm blood flow. J Card Fail. 2004;10(1):21\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1071-9164(03)00583-9. PubMed PMID: 14966771.","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"916_CR68","first-page":"111","volume":"33","author":"D Sentija","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sentija D, Marsi\u0107 T, Dizdar D. The effects of strength training on some parameters of aerobic and anaerobic endurance. Coll Antropol. 2009;33:111\u20136.","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e803","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.73","volume":"6","author":"DS Quintana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Quintana DS, Alvares GA, Heathers JA. Guidelines for reporting articles on psychiatry and heart rate variability (GRAPH): recommendations to advance research communication. Transl Psychiatry. 2016;6(5):e803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/tp.2016.73. Epub 20160510.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"916_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.762984","volume":"31","author":"SH Boutcher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boutcher SH, Park Y, Dunn SL, Boutcher YN. The relationship between cardiac autonomic function and maximal oxygen uptake response to high-intensity intermittent-exercise training. J Sports Sci. 2013;31(9):1024\u20139. PubMed PMID: 23362808.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"916_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1249\/01.Mss.0000079046.01763.8","volume":"35","author":"JB Carter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Carter JB, Banister EW, Blaber AP. The effect of age and gender on heart rate variability after endurance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1333\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/01.Mss.0000079046.01763.8. f. PubMed PMID: 12900687.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00751.2002","volume":"95","author":"MP Tulppo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tulppo MP, Hautala AJ, M\u00e4kikallio TH, et al. Effects of aerobic training on heart rate dynamics in sedentary subjects. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003;95(1):364\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00751.2002. Epub 20030321.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"916_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alansare A, Alford K, Lee S, Church T, Jung HC. The effects of High-Intensity interval training vs. Moderate-Intensity continuous training on heart rate variability in physically inactive adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15071508. Epub 20180717.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15071508"},{"key":"916_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buchheit M, Chivot A, Parouty J et al. Monitoring endurance running performance using cardiac parasympathetic function. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010;108(6):1153-67. Epub 20091222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-009-1317-x. PubMed PMID: 20033207.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1317-x"},{"issue":"7","key":"916_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-964861","volume":"28","author":"FX Gamelin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gamelin FX, Berthoin S, Sayah H, Libersa C, Bosquet L. Effect of training and detraining on heart rate variability in healthy young men. Int J Sports Med. 2007;28(7):564\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2007-964861. Epub 20070320.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-012-0179-1","volume":"23","author":"M Heydari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heydari M, Boutcher YN, Boutcher SH. High-intensity intermittent exercise and cardiovascular and autonomic function. Clin Auton Res. 2013;23(1):57\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10286-012-0179-1. Epub 20121029.","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"916_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e72664","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072664","volume":"8","author":"L Karavirta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karavirta L, Costa MD, Goldberger AL, et al. Heart rate dynamics after combined strength and endurance training in middle-aged women: heterogeneity of responses. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(8):e72664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0072664. Epub 20130827.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-115122","volume":"38","author":"OP Nuuttila","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nuuttila OP, Nikander A, Polomoshnov D, Laukkanen JA, H\u00e4kkinen K. Effects of HRV-Guided vs. Predetermined block training on performance, HRV and serum hormones. Int J Sports Med. 2017;38(12):909\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-115122. Epub 20170926.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"916_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bowman AJ, Clayton RH, Murray A, Reed JW, Subhan MM, Ford GA. Effects of aerobic exercise training and yoga on the baroreflex in healthy elderly persons. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997;27(5):443-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1340681.x. PubMed PMID: 9179553.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1340681.x"},{"key":"916_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-82","volume":"13","author":"BS Cheema","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheema BS, Houridis A, Busch L, et al. Effect of an office worksite-based yoga program on heart rate variability: outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013;13:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-82. Epub 20130410.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"916_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2015.0138","volume":"21","author":"IH Chu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chu IH, Lin YJ, Wu WL, Chang YK, Lin IM. Effects of yoga on heart rate variability and mood in women: A randomized controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2015;21(12):789\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/acm.2015.0138. Epub 20151027.","journal-title":"J Altern Complement Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"916_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e047821","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047821","volume":"12","author":"MK Sinha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sinha MK, Maiya GA, Moga AM, Shankar KNS. Exercise dose-response relationship with heart rate variability in individuals with overweight and obesity: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2022;12(4):e047821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047821. Epub 20220425.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"916_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pham T, Lau ZJ, Chen SHA, Makowski D. Heart Rate Variability in Psychology: A Review of HRV Indices and an Analysis Tutorial. Sensors (Basel). 2021;21(12). Epub 20210609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21123998. PubMed PMID: 34207927; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8230044.","DOI":"10.3390\/s21123998"},{"issue":"6","key":"916_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/s0828-282x(10)70395-0","volume":"26","author":"FS Routledge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Routledge FS, Campbell TS, McFetridge-Durdle JA, Bacon SL. Improvements in heart rate variability with exercise therapy. Can J Cardiol. 2010;26(6):303\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0828-282x(10)70395-0. PubMed PMID: 20548976; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2903986.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"916_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3390\/e22030309","volume":"22","author":"T Henriques","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henriques T, Ribeiro M, Teixeira A, Castro L, Antunes L, Costa-Santos C. Nonlinear methods most applied to Heart-Rate time series: A review. Entropy. 2020;22(3):309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e22030309. PubMed PMID:.","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"key":"916_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Neves VR, Takahashi AC, do Santos-Hiss MD et al. Linear and nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability in coronary disease. Clin Auton Res. 2012;22(4):175\u2009\u2013\u200983. Epub 20120403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10286-012-0160-z. PubMed PMID: 22476435.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-012-0160-z"},{"key":"916_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329360","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1329360","volume":"15","author":"N Sempere-Ruiz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sempere-Ruiz N, Sarabia JM, Baladzhaeva S, Moya-Ram\u00f3n M. Reliability and validity of a non-linear index of heart rate variability to determine intensity thresholds. Front Physiol. 2024;15:1329360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1329360. Epub 20240205.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"916_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00955.2020","volume":"130","author":"JS Burma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burma JS, Graver S, Miutz LN, Macaulay A, Copeland PV, Smirl JD. The validity and reliability of ultra-short-term heart rate variability parameters and the influence of physiological covariates. J Appl Physiol. 2021;130(6):1848\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00955.2020. PubMed PMID: 33856258.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"916_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2016-0343","volume":"12","author":"DJ Plews","year":"2017","unstructured":"Plews DJ, Laursen PB, Buchheit M. Day-to-Day Heart-Rate variability recordings in World-Champion rowers: appreciating unique athlete characteristics. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017;12(5):697\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2016-0343. Epub 20161013.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"issue":"9","key":"916_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0071-8","volume":"43","author":"DJ Plews","year":"2013","unstructured":"Plews DJ, Laursen PB, Stanley J, Kilding AE, Buchheit M. Training adaptation and heart rate variability in elite endurance athletes: opening the door to effective monitoring. Sports Med. 2013;43(9):773\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-013-0071-8. PubMed PMID: 23852425.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"916_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-89892-3","volume":"15","author":"C Besson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Besson C, Baggish AL, Monteventi P, Schmitt L, Stucky F, Gremeaux V. Assessing the clinical reliability of short-term heart rate variability: insights from controlled dual-environment and dual-position measurements. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):5611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-89892-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"916_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rincon Soler A, Silva LE, Fazan R Jr, Murta L. The impact of artifact correction methods of RR series on heart rate variability parameters. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2017;124:jap.00927.2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00927.2016","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00927.2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"916_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.02.006","volume":"24","author":"AM Catai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Catai AM, Pastre CM, Godoy MF, Silva ED, Takahashi ACM, Vanderlei LCM. Heart rate variability: are you using it properly? Standardisation checklist of procedures. Braz J Phys Ther. 2020;24(2):91\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.02.006. Epub 20190226.","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"key":"916_CR94","first-page":"103","volume":"16","author":"B Makivic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Makivic B, Nikic M, Willis M. Heart rate variability (HRV) as a tool for diagnostic and monitoring performance in sport and physical activities. J Exerc Physiol Online. 2013;16:103\u201331.","journal-title":"J Exerc Physiol Online"},{"key":"916_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Herold F, Gronwald T, Scholkmann F et al. New Directions in Exercise Prescription: Is There a Role for Brain-Derived Parameters Obtained by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy? Brain Sci. 2020;10(6). Epub 20200603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci10060342. PubMed PMID: 32503207; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7348779.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10060342"}],"container-title":["Sports Medicine - Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T10:32:40Z","timestamp":1759314760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sportsmedicine-open.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00916-8","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2198-9761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-9761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no financial or non-financial competing interests related to this work. Specifically, within the past three years, none of the authors have received funding, employment, or personal financial benefit from any organization that could be perceived as influencing the content of this manuscript. None of the authors are affiliated with the journal. Although the authors\u2019 expertise aligns with the topic of this review, there are no personal, professional, or institutional interests that could be perceived as imparting bias.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42024542629).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Registration Information"}}],"article-number":"109"}}