{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T06:45:42Z","timestamp":1784357142794,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports Med - Open"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T13:51:37Z","timestamp":1764078697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modeling Performance in IRONMAN\u00ae 70.3 Age Group Triathletes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6858-1871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mabliny","family":"Thuany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4133-4843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8371-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"Villiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0184-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Forte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1247-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7004-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilia Santos","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8030-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pantelis T.","family":"Nikolaidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7819-4384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Cuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6436-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Rosemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2412-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beat","family":"Knechtle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"948_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2147\/oajsm.s40142","volume":"4","author":"MA Shoak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shoak MA, Knechtle B, Knechtle P, R\u00fcst CA, Rosemann T, Lepers R. Participation and performance trends in ultracycling. Open Access J Sports Med. 2013;4:41\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/oajsm.s40142. Epub 2014\/01\/01.","journal-title":"Open Access J Sports Med"},{"key":"948_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/2052-1847-6-16","volume":"6","author":"P D\u00e4hler","year":"2014","unstructured":"D\u00e4hler P, R\u00fcst CA, Rosemann T, Lepers R, Knechtle B. Nation related participation and performance trends in \u2018Ironman hawaii\u2019 from 1985 to 2012. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2014;6:16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2052-1847-6-16. Epub 20140415.","journal-title":"BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR3","first-page":"27","volume":"2","author":"M Stiefel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stiefel M, Knechtle B, R\u00fcst C, Rosemann T. Analysis of performances at the \u2018Ironman Hawaii triathlon\u2019 and its qualifier events with respect to nationality. J Sci Cycl. 2013;2(2):27\u201334.","journal-title":"J Sci Cycl"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-3-461","volume":"3","author":"B Knechtle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Knechtle B, Rosemann T, Lepers R, R\u00fcst CA. A comparison of performance of deca iron and triple deca iron ultra-triathletes. SpringerPlus. 2014;3(1):461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2193-1801-3-461.","journal-title":"SpringerPlus"},{"key":"948_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sports7050101","author":"N Etxebarria","year":"2019","unstructured":"Etxebarria N, Mujika I, Pyne DB. Training and competition readiness in triathlon. Sports. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports7050101. Epub 20190429.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"issue":"7","key":"948_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2015.1065341","volume":"34","author":"B Ofoghi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ofoghi B, Zeleznikow J, Macmahon C, Rehula J, Dwyer DB. Performance analysis and prediction in triathlon. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(7):607\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2015.1065341.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-020-00252-z","volume":"6","author":"KE Phillips","year":"2020","unstructured":"Phillips KE, Hopkins WG. Determinants of cycling performance: a review of the dimensions and features regulating performance in elite cycling competitions. Sports Med - Open. 2020;6(1):23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40798-020-00252-z.","journal-title":"Sports Med - Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR8","first-page":"263","volume":"14","author":"M Baillot","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baillot M, Hue O. Hydration and thermoregulation during a half-ironman performed in tropical climate. J Sports Sci Med. 2015;14(2):263\u20138. Epub 20150508.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"948_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2014.915425","volume":"32","author":"J Del Coso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Del Coso J, Gonz\u00e1lez C, Abian-Vicen J, Salinero Mart\u00edn JJ, Soriano L, Areces F, et al. Relationship between physiological parameters and performance during a half-ironman triathlon in the heat. J Sports Sci. 2014;32(18):1680\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2014.915425. Epub 20140513.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"948_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0230","volume":"12","author":"R Baldassarre","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baldassarre R, Bonifazi M, Zamparo P, Piacentini MF. Characteristics and challenges of Open-Water swimming performance: A review. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017;12(10):1275\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0230.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"issue":"14","key":"948_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5003","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17145003","volume":"17","author":"P Forte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forte P, Morais JE, Neiva P, Barbosa H, Marinho TM. The drag crisis phenomenon on an elite road Cyclist\u2014A preliminary numerical simulations analysis in the aero position at different speeds. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(14):5003.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"948_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.990382","author":"B Knechtle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Knechtle B, Forte P, Weiss K, Cuk I, Nikolaidis PT, Sousa CV, et al. Biophysical characterization of the first ultra-cyclist in the world to break the 1,000 Km barrier in 24-h non-stop road cycling: A case report. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.990382.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"948_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818f2a9b","volume":"41","author":"M Janssen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Janssen M, Wilson BD, Toussaint HM. Effects of drafting on hydrodynamic and metabolic responses in front crawl swimming. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(4):837\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818f2a9b.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"948_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.21134\/eurjhm.2021.46.573","volume":"46","author":"P Forte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Forte P, Marinho D, Barbosa TM, Morais JE. Estimation of an elite road cyclist resistive forces and performance wearing standard and aero helmets: an analytical procedure and numerical simulations approach. Eur J Hum Mov. 2021;46:4\u201315.","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Mov"},{"key":"948_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00538","author":"P Forte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forte P, Marinho DA, Barbosa TM, Morou\u00e7o P, Morais JE. Estimation of an elite road cyclist performance in different positions based on numerical simulations and analytical procedures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00538.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520005","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4992669","volume":"1863","author":"P Forte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Forte P, Marinho DA, Morou\u00e7o P, Pascoal-Faria P, Barbosa TM. Comparison by computer fluid dynamics of the drag force acting upon two helmets for wheelchair racers. AIP Conf Proc. 2017;1863(1):520005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4992669","journal-title":"AIP Conf Proc"},{"issue":"12","key":"948_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4177","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202206_29054","volume":"26","author":"K Weiss","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weiss K, Valero D, Villiger E, Thuany M, Scheer V, Cuk I, et al. Temperature and barometric pressure are related to running speed and pacing of the fastest runners in the \u2018Berlin marathon\u2019. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(12):4177\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202206_29054.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"948_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842935","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.842935","volume":"13","author":"K Weiss","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weiss K, Valero D, Villiger E, Scheer V, Thuany M, Cuk I, et al. The influence of environmental conditions on pacing in age group marathoners competing in the new York City marathon. Front Physiol. 2022;13(842935). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2022.842935.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"948_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040614","author":"PT Nikolaidis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nikolaidis PT, Di Gangi S, Chtourou H, R\u00fcst CA, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. The role of environmental conditions on marathon running performance in men competing in Boston marathon from 1897 to 2018. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16040614. Epub 20190220.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"948_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249491","author":"AB Gadelha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gadelha AB, Sousa CV, Sales MM, Dos Santos Rosa T, Flothmann M, Barbosa LP, et al. Cut-Off values in the prediction of success in olympic distance triathlon. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17249491. Epub 20201218.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073x.2017.1276378","volume":"43","author":"MJ Stones","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stones MJ, Hartin A. Aging and Half-Ironman performance. Exp Aging Res. 2017;43(2):178\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0361073x.2017.1276378.","journal-title":"Exp Aging Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-7648-1-5","volume":"1","author":"B Knechtle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Knechtle B, R\u00fcst CA, Knechtle P, Rosemann T, Lepers R. Age-related changes in ultra-triathlon performances. Extrem Physiol Med. 2012;1(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2046-7648-1-5.","journal-title":"Extrem Physiol Med"},{"key":"948_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00973","author":"R Lepers","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lepers R. Sex difference in triathlon performance. Front Physiol. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.00973.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"948_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16132310","author":"CV Sousa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sousa CV, da Silva Aguiar S, Rosemann T, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B. American masters road running Records-The performance gap between female and male age group runners from 5 Km to 6 days running. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16132310. Epub 20190629.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"948_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2021.113344","volume":"232","author":"R Sinisgalli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sinisgalli R, de Lira CAB, Vancini RL, Puccinelli PJG, Hill L, Knechtle B, et al. Impact of training volume and experience on amateur ironman triathlon performance. Physiol Behav. 2021;232:113344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2021.113344.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28398-2","volume":"13","author":"M Thuany","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thuany M, Weiss K, Villiger E, Scheer V, Ouerghi N, Gomes TN, et al. A macro to micro analysis to understand performance in 100-mile ultra-marathons worldwide. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):1415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-28398-2.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"948_CR27","first-page":"652","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of machine learning","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mean Absolute Error. In. In: Sammut C, Webb GI, editors. Encyclopedia of machine learning. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2010. p. 652."},{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"B Asgari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Asgari B, Khorshidi R. The effect of hosting on performance of host countries in summer and winter olympic games. Eur J Sports Exerc Sci. 2013;2(2):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Sports Exerc Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"948_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1080\/19406940.2020.1839530","volume":"12","author":"FJM M\u00f6lenberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"M\u00f6lenberg FJM, de Waart F, Burdorf A, van Lenthe FJ. Hosting elite sport events to target recreational sport participation: an interrupted time series analysis. Int J Sport Policy Politics. 2020;12(4):531\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19406940.2020.1839530.","journal-title":"Int J Sport Policy Politics"},{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2019.07.008","volume":"46","author":"J Palazzolo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palazzolo J. Anxiety and performance. Encephale. 2020;46(2):158\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.encep.2019.07.008. Epub 20190918.","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"948_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4236\/ape.2018.81008","volume":"8","author":"M Song","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song M, Zhang Y. Research on the relationship between geographical Factors, sports and culture. Adv Phys Educ. 2018;8:66\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/ape.2018.81008.","journal-title":"Adv Phys Educ"},{"key":"948_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072543","author":"B Knechtle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Knechtle B, Rosemann T, Nikolaidis P. The role of nationality in Ultra-Endurance sports: the paradigm of Cross-Country skiing and Long-Distance running. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17072543. Epub 20200408.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"948_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13598","volume":"30","author":"CV Sousa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sousa CV, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B. Ultra-triathlon-Pacing, performance trends, the role of nationality, and sex differences in finishers and non-finishers. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(3):556\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.13598. Epub 20191126.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-015-1255-5","volume":"4","author":"CA R\u00fcst","year":"2015","unstructured":"R\u00fcst CA, Bragazzi NL, Signori A, Stiefel M, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. Nation related participation and performance trends in \u2018Norseman xtreme triathlon\u2019 from 2006 to 2014. SpringerPlus. 2015;4(1):469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40064-015-1255-5.","journal-title":"SpringerPlus"},{"key":"948_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1796-0","volume":"15","author":"RM Eime","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eime RM, Charity MJ, Harvey JT, Payne WR. Participation in sport and physical activity: associations with socio-economic status and geographical remoteness. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-015-1796-0. Epub 20150429.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"948_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0067-4","volume":"43","author":"R Lepers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lepers R, Knechtle B, Stapley P. Trends in triathlon performance: effects of sex and age. Sports Med. 2013;43(9):851\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-013-0067-4.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"948_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050797","volume":"10","author":"PJ Puccinelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Puccinelli PJ, de Lira CAB, Vancini RL, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B, Rosemann T, et al. The Performance, physiology and morphology of female and male Olympic-Distance triathletes. Healthcare. 2022;10(5):797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare10050797.","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"948_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S33284","volume":"3","author":"U Barandun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barandun U, Knechtle B, Knechtle P, Klipstein A, R\u00fcst CA, Rosemann T, et al. Running speed during training and percent body fat predict race time in recreational male marathoners. J Sports Med. 2012;3:51\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OAJSM.S33284. Epub 2012\/01\/01.","journal-title":"J Sports Med"},{"key":"948_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-22357-1_15","volume-title":"Triathlon medicine","author":"M Mountjoy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mountjoy M, Thomas A, Levesque J. The female triathlete. In: Migliorini S, editor. Triathlon medicine. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020. pp. 207\u201323."},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-3-538","volume":"3","author":"R Knechtle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Knechtle R, R\u00fcst CA, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. The best triathletes are older in longer race distances \u2013 a comparison between Olympic, Half-Ironman and ironman distance triathlon. SpringerPlus. 2014;3(1):538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2193-1801-3-538.","journal-title":"SpringerPlus"},{"issue":"1","key":"948_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199519010-00001","volume":"19","author":"SF Loy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Loy SF, Hoffmann JJ, Holland GJ. Benefits and practical use of cross-training in sports. Sports Med. 1995;19(1):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-199519010-00001.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"948_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199418050-00005","volume":"18","author":"H Tanaka","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tanaka H. Effects of cross-training. Transfer of training effects on VO2max between cycling, running and swimming. Sports Med. 1994;18(5):330\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-199418050-00005.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"948_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-19276","volume":"23","author":"GP Millet","year":"2002","unstructured":"Millet GP, Candau RB, Barbier B, Busso T, Rouillon JD, Chatard JC. Modelling the transfers of training effects on performance in elite triathletes. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(01):55\u201363.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"948_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.113110","volume":"225","author":"PJ Puccinelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Puccinelli PJ, Lima GHO, Pesquero JB, de Lira CAB, Vancini RL, Nikolaids PT, et al. Previous experience, aerobic capacity and body composition are the best predictors for olympic distance triathlon performance: predictors in amateur triathlon. Physiol Behav. 2020;225:113110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.113110.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"}],"container-title":["Sports Medicine - Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T16:19:50Z","timestamp":1764605990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sportsmedicine-open.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40798-025-00948-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-9761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-9761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kanton St. Gallen, Switzerland, with a waiver of the requirement for informed consent of the participants as the study involved the analysis of publicly available data (EKSG 01\/06\/2010). The study was conducted in accordance with recognized ethical standards according to the Declaration of Helsinki adopted in 1964 and revised in 2013.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Mabliny Thuany, David Valero, Elias Villiger, Pedro Forte, Katja Weiss, Marilia Santos Andrade, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Ivan Cuk, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle declare that they have no competing interests. This includes financial interests as well as any professional, personal, or other relationships or beliefs that could be perceived to influence the work reported in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"148"}}