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Next to <jats:italic>Ascaris suum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Oesophagostomum dentatum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trichuris suis<\/jats:italic>, there is the potential of infections with other nodular worm species, <jats:italic>Hyostrongylus rubidus, Stongyloides ransomi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Metastrongylus<\/jats:italic> spp. lungworms. Next-generation sequencing methods describing the nemabiome have not yet been established for porcine nematodes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>FLOTAC was used for faecal egg counts of porcine gastrointestinal nematodes and lungworms in piglets, fatteners and adults individually. A nemabiome analyses based on ITS-2 gene region metabarcoding was used to differentiate strongyle species. Additionally, questionnaire data was analysed using mixed-effect regression to identify potential risk factors associated with parasite occurrences and egg shedding intensity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>On 15 of 17 farms nematode eggs were detected. <jats:italic>Ascaris suum<\/jats:italic>, strongyles and <jats:italic>T.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> were detected on 82%, 70% and 35% of the 17 farms, respectively. Lungworms were detected on one out of four farms with access to pasture. <jats:italic>Strongyloides ransomi<\/jats:italic> was not detected. 32% (CI 28\u201336%), 27% (24\u201331%), 5% (4\u20137%) and 3% (0.9\u20138%) of the samples where tested positive for strongyles, <jats:italic>A.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>suum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>T.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> and lungworms, respectively. The nemabiome analysis revealed three different strongyle species, with <jats:italic>O.\u00a0dentatum<\/jats:italic> being the most common (mean 93.9%), followed by <jats:italic>O.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>quadrispinulatum<\/jats:italic> (5.9%) and the hookworm <jats:italic>Globocephalus urosubulatus<\/jats:italic> (0.1%). The bivariate and multivariate risk factor analyses showed among others that cleaning once a week compared to twice a week increased the odds significantly for being infected with <jats:italic>A.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>suum<\/jats:italic> (OR 78.60) and strongyles (2077.59). Access to pasture was associated with higher odds for <jats:italic>A.\u00a0suum<\/jats:italic> (43.83) and strongyles (14.21). Compared to shallow litter systems, deep litter and free range systems resulted in significant higher odds for strongyles (85.74, 215.59, respectively) and <jats:italic>T.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> (200.33, 623.08).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Infections with <jats:italic>A.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>suum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>O.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0dentatum<jats:italic>, O.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>quadrispinulatum, T.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Metastrongylus<\/jats:italic> spp. and <jats:italic>G.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>urosubulatus<\/jats:italic> are present in German outdoor-reared pigs. This is the first report of <jats:italic>G.<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<jats:italic>urosubulatus<\/jats:italic> in domestic pigs in Europe. Metabarcoding based on the ITS-2 region is a suitable tool to analyse the porcine nemabiome. Furthermore, management practices have the potential of reducing the risk of parasite infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-024-00384-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T07:04:37Z","timestamp":1726124677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Gastrointestinal nematodes in German outdoor-reared pigs based on faecal egg count and next-generation sequencing nemabiome data"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8741-1434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah R. 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