{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:00:42Z","timestamp":1781650842378,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":48,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IZCOZ0_220329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IZCOZ0_220329"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Porc Health Manag"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T16:35:22Z","timestamp":1777134922000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of Influenza A virus in Swiss pig herds: subclinical circulation and associated risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jonas","family":"Steiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Voelkl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Mwanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larise","family":"Oberholster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Licheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon Flore","family":"Licheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Dijkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna Nicole","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiko","family":"Nathues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"513_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394179466.ch32","volume-title":"Diseases of swine","author":"AL Vincent","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vincent AL, Van Reeth K. Influenza viruses. In: Zimmerman JJ, Karriker LA, Ramirez A, Schwartz KJ, Stevenson GW, Zhang J, editors. Diseases of swine. Hoboken: Wiley; 2025. pp. 645\u201364."},{"key":"513_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112250","volume":"13","author":"S Kessler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kessler S, Harder TC, Schwemmle M, Ciminski K, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, Crisci E, et al. Influenza A viruses and zoonotic events\u2014are we creating our own reservoirs? Viruses. 2021;13:2250.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"513_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1086\/498977","volume":"42","author":"KP Myers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Myers KP, Olsen CW, Setterquist SF, Capuano AW, Donham KJ, Thacker EL, et al. Are swine workers in the United States at increased risk of infection with zoonotic influenza virus? Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:14\u201320.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"513_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.07.006","volume":"28","author":"D Henritzi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henritzi D, Petric PP, Lewis NS, Graaf A, Pessia A, Starick E, et al. Surveillance of European domestic pig populations identifies an emerging reservoir of potentially zoonotic swine influenza A viruses. Cell Host Microbe. 2020;28:614\u2013e276.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"513_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0179044","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179044","volume":"12","author":"E Baudon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baudon E, Peyre M, Peiris M, Cowling BJ. Epidemiological features of influenza circulation in swine populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0179044.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"513_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-44-72","volume":"44","author":"N Rose","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rose N, Herv\u00e9 S, Eveno E, Barbier N, Eono F, Dorenlor V, et al. Dynamics of influenza A virus infections in permanently infected pig farms: evidence of recurrent infections, circulation of several swine influenza viruses and reassortment events. Vet Res. 2013;44:72.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Agerlin MV, Larsen LE, Weber NR, Fertner M, Goecke NB, Ryt-Hansen P. Influenza A virus infection dynamics in two sow herds and effects of interventions. Porcine Health Manag. 2025;12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S40813-025-00481-2.","DOI":"10.1186\/S40813-025-00481-2"},{"key":"513_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s44149-021-00024-6","volume":"1","author":"Y Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li Y, Robertson I. The epidemiology of swine influenza. Anim Dis. 2021;1:21.","journal-title":"Anim Dis"},{"key":"513_CR9","first-page":"40","volume":"16","author":"M White","year":"2011","unstructured":"White M. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Livestock. 2011;16:40\u20132.","journal-title":"Livestock"},{"key":"513_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-020-00807-8","volume":"51","author":"G Saade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saade G, Deblanc C, Bougon J, Marois-Cr\u00e9han C, Fablet C, Auray G, et al. Coinfections and their molecular consequences in the porcine respiratory tract. Vet Res. 2020;51:1\u201319.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01453","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01453-20","volume":"94","author":"MI Nelson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nelson MI, Perofsky A, McBride DS, Rambo-Martin BL, Wilson MM, Barnes JR, et al. A heterogeneous swine show circuit drives zoonotic transmission of influenza A viruses in the United States. J Virol. 2020;94:e01453\u201320.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"513_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2309.170847","volume":"23","author":"AS Bowman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bowman AS, Walia RR, Nolting JM, Vincent AL, Killian ML, Zentkovich MM, et al. Influenza A(H3N2) virus in swine at agricultural fairs and transmission to humans, Michigan and Ohio, USA, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23:1551\u20135.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"513_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1906.121637","volume":"19","author":"CA Corzo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Corzo CA, Culhane M, Juleen K, Stigger-Rosser E, Ducatez MF, Webby RJ, et al. Active surveillance for influenza A virus among swine, Midwestern United States, 2009\u20132011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19:954\u201360.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"513_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3390\/v12091013","volume":"12","author":"TR Bhatta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhatta TR, Ryt-Hansen P, Nielsen JP, Larsen LE, Larsen I, Chamings A, et al. Infection dynamics of swine influenza virus in a Danish pig herd reveals recurrent infections with different variants of the H1N2 swine influenza A virus subtype. Viruses. 2020;12:1013.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"513_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-24","volume":"43","author":"M Simon-Grif\u00e9","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simon-Grif\u00e9 M, Mart\u00edn-Valls GE, Vilar MJ, Busquets N, Mora-Salvatierra M, Bestebroer TM, et al. Swine influenza virus infection dynamics in two pig farms: results of a longitudinal assessment. Vet Res. 2012;43:24.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-024-00390-w","volume":"10","author":"K Schmies","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schmies K, Hennig C, Rose N, Fablet C, Harder T, Grosse Beilage E, et al. Dynamics of swine influenza virus infection in weaned piglets in five enzootically infected herds in Germany: a cohort study. Porcine Health Manag. 2024;10:36.","journal-title":"Porcine Health Manag"},{"key":"513_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"veae017","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/veae017","volume":"10","author":"P Lagan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lagan P, Hamil M, Cull S, Hanrahan A, Wregor RM, Lemon K. Swine influenza A virus infection dynamics and evolution in intensive pig production systems. Virus Evol. 2024;10:veae017.","journal-title":"Virus Evol"},{"key":"513_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0284-6","volume":"10","author":"C Er","year":"2014","unstructured":"Er C, Lium B, Tavornpanich S, Hofmo PO, Forberg H, Hauge AG, et al. Adverse effects of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection on growth performance of Norwegian pigs: a longitudinal study at a boar testing station. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10:284.","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"RRN1209","DOI":"10.1371\/currents.RRN1209","volume":"3","author":"A Mastin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mastin A, Alarcon P, Pfeiffer D, Wood J, Williamson S, Brown I, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for swine influenza virus infection in the English pig population. PLoS Curr. 2011;3:RRN1209.","journal-title":"PLoS Curr"},{"key":"513_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2008.01138.x","volume":"55","author":"R Suriya","year":"2008","unstructured":"Suriya R, Hassan L, Omar AR, Aini I, Tan CG, Lim YS, et al. Seroprevalence and risk factors for influenza A viruses in pigs in Peninsular Malaysia. Zoonoses Public Health. 2008;55:342\u201351.","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"513_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2000122","volume":"31","author":"D Maes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maes D, Deluyker H, Verdonck M, Castryck F, Miry C, Vrijens B, et al. Herd factors associated with the seroprevalences of four major respiratory pathogens in slaughter pigs from farrow-to-finish pig herds. Vet Res. 2000;31:313\u201327.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01135.x","volume":"57","author":"S L\u00f3pez-Soria","year":"2010","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Soria S, Maldonado J, Riera P, Nofrar\u00edas M, Espinal A, Valero O, et al. Selected swine viral pathogens in indoor pigs in Spain: seroprevalence and farm-level characteristics. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2010;57:171\u20139.","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"513_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0844-z","volume":"12","author":"N Takemae","year":"2016","unstructured":"Takemae N, Shobugawa Y, Nguyen PT, Nguyen T, Nguyen TN, To TL, et al. Effect of herd size on subclinical infection of swine in Vietnam with influenza A viruses. BMC Vet Res. 2016;12:227.","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR24","first-page":"7","volume":"72","author":"Z Poljak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Poljak Z, Dewey CE, Martin SW, Christensen J, Carman S, Friendship RM. Prevalence of and risk factors for influenza in southern Ontario swine herds in 2001 and 2003. Can J Vet Res. 2008;72:7\u201317.","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"513_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.07.006","volume":"112","author":"C Fablet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fablet C, Simon G, Dorenlor V, Eono F, Eveno E, Gorin S, et al. Different herd-level factors associated with H1N1 or H1N2 influenza virus infections in fattening pigs. Prev Vet Med. 2013;112:257\u201365.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-022-00288-5","volume":"8","author":"K Ciuoderis-Aponte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ciuoderis-Aponte K, Diaz A, Muskus C, Pe\u00f1a M, Hern\u00e1ndez-Ortiz J, Osorio J. Farm management practices, biosecurity and influenza A virus detection in swine farms: a comprehensive study in Colombia. Porcine Health Manag. 2022;8:45.","journal-title":"Porcine Health Manag"},{"key":"513_CR27","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Statistik. Landwirtschaftliche Strukturerhebung 2024. https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch. Accessed 18 Feb 2026."},{"key":"513_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2025.106439","volume":"237","author":"E Biebaut","year":"2025","unstructured":"Biebaut E, \u0160tukelj M, Chantziaras I, Nunes TP, Nedosekov V, Gomes CC, et al. Large heterogeneity in biosecurity legislation in intensive pig production across Europe. Prev Vet Med. 2025;237:106439.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR29","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Zoll und Grenzsicherheit. Swiss-Impex. https:\/\/www.bazg.admin.ch. Accessed 18 Feb 2026."},{"key":"513_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.07.018","volume":"118","author":"LG Corbellini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Corbellini LG, Schwermer H, Presi P, Th\u00fcr B, St\u00e4rk KDC, Reist M. Analysis of national serological surveys for documentation of freedom from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Switzerland. Vet Microbiol. 2006;118:267\u201373.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"513_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2022.109455","volume":"270","author":"N Scalisi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scalisi N, Kuhnert P, Amado MEV, Overesch G, St\u00e4rk KDC, Ruggli N, et al. Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in sows fifteen years after implementation of a control programme for enzootic pneumonia in Switzerland. Vet Microbiol. 2022;270:109455.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"513_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.17236\/sat00466","volume":"167","author":"J Lechmann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lechmann J, Szelecsenyi A, Bruhn S, Harisberger M, Wyler M, Bachofen C, et al. The Swiss national program for surveillance of influenza A viruses in pigs and humans: genetic variability and zoonotic transmissions from 2010\u20132022. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2025;167:600\u201316.","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd"},{"key":"513_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2016.09.005","volume":"134","author":"JM Sargeant","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sargeant JM, O\u2019Connor AM, Dohoo IR, Erb HN, Cevallos M, Egger M, et al. Methods and processes of developing the STROBE-Vet statement. Prev Vet Med. 2016;134:188\u201396.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR34","first-page":"302","volume":"79","author":"M Laanen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laanen M, Beek J, Ribbens S, Vangroenweghe F, Maes D, Dewulf J. Biosecurity on pig farms: development of an online scoring system and results of the first 99 participating farms. Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr. 2010;79:302\u20136.","journal-title":"Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr"},{"key":"513_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.1999.0421","volume":"159","author":"KDC St\u00e4rk","year":"2000","unstructured":"St\u00e4rk KDC. Epidemiological investigation of the influence of environmental risk factors on respiratory diseases in swine: a literature review. Vet J. 2000;159:37\u201356.","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"513_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2012.01.013","volume":"193","author":"H Nathues","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nathues H, Spergser J, Rosengarten R, Kreienbrock L, Grosse Beilage E. Value of the clinical examination in diagnosing enzootic pneumonia in fattening pigs. Vet J. 2012;193:443\u20137.","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"513_CR37","unstructured":"Sipos W, Wiener S, Entenfellner F, Sipos S. Physiological changes of rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate of pigs at different ages including the critical peripartal period. Wien Tierarztl Monatsschr. 2013;100."},{"key":"513_CR38","unstructured":"Thermo Fisher Scientific, Nathues H. Guidelines for taking diagnostic samples from pigs: nasal swabs. https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com. Accessed 18 Feb 2026."},{"key":"513_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0244669","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244669","volume":"16","author":"A Nagy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nagy A, \u010cern\u00edkov\u00e1 L, Kunteov\u00e1 K, Dirb\u00e1kov\u00e1 Z, Thomas SS, Slomka MJ, et al. A universal RT-qPCR assay for One Health detection of influenza A viruses. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0244669.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"513_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-025-01512-x","volume":"17","author":"M Licheri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Licheri M, Mwanga M, Licheri MF, Graaf-Rau A, S\u00e4gesser C, Bittel P, et al. Optimized high-throughput whole-genome sequencing workflow for surveillance of influenza A virus. Genome Med. 2025;17:103.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"513_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1994.10476452","volume":"89","author":"PH Garthwaite","year":"1994","unstructured":"Garthwaite PH. An interpretation of partial least squares. J Am Stat Assoc. 1994;89:122\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"513_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-011-0330-3","volume":"8","author":"E Szyma\u0144ska","year":"2011","unstructured":"Szyma\u0144ska E, Saccenti E, Smilde AK, Westerhuis JA. Double-check: validation of diagnostic statistics for PLS-DA models in metabolomics studies. Metabolomics. 2011;8:3\u201316.","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"513_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemolab.2004.12.011","volume":"78","author":"IG Chong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chong IG, Jun CH. Performance of some variable selection methods when multicollinearity is present. Chemom Intell Lab Syst. 2005;78:103\u201312.","journal-title":"Chemom Intell Lab Syst"},{"key":"513_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00236-3","volume":"49","author":"P Peduzzi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR. A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1996;49:1373\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"513_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387","volume-title":"Applied logistic regression","author":"DW Hosmer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX. Applied logistic regression. 3rd ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2013.","edition":"3"},{"key":"513_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2007.05.012","volume":"82","author":"J Casal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Casal J, De Manuel A, Mateu E, Mart\u00edn M. Biosecurity measures on swine farms in Spain: perceptions by farmers and their relationship to current on-farm measures. Prev Vet Med. 2007;82:138\u201350.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2004.08.004","volume":"66","author":"A Boklund","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boklund A, Alban L, Mortensen S, Houe H. Biosecurity in 116 Danish fattening swine herds: descriptive results and factor analysis. Prev Vet Med. 2004;66:49\u201362.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2014.07.004","volume":"117","author":"L Sahlstr\u00f6m","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sahlstr\u00f6m L, Virtanen T, Kyyr\u00f6 J, Lyytik\u00e4inen T. Biosecurity on Finnish cattle, pig and sheep farms: results from a questionnaire. Prev Vet Med. 2014;117:59\u201367.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"513_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14040593","volume":"14","author":"I Makovska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Makovska I, Chantziaras I, Caekebeke N, Dhaka P, Dewulf J. Assessment of cleaning and disinfection practices on pig farms across ten European countries. Animals. 2024;14:593.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"513_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160138","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2016.0138","volume":"13","author":"VE Pitzer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pitzer VE, Aguas R, Riley S, Loeffen WLA, Wood JLN, Grenfell BT. High turnover drives prolonged persistence of influenza in managed pig herds. J R Soc Interface. 2016;13:20160138.","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface"},{"key":"513_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c6163","volume":"168","author":"M Bandrick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bandrick M, Pieters M, Pijoan C, Baidoo SK, Molitor TW. Effect of cross-fostering on transfer of maternal immunity to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to piglets. Vet Rec. 2011;168:100.","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"513_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71444","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071444","volume":"8","author":"CA Corzo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Corzo CA, Culhane M, Dee S, Morrison RB, Torremorell M. Airborne detection and quantification of swine influenza A virus in air samples collected inside, outside and downwind from swine barns. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e71444.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Porcine Health Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:45:21Z","timestamp":1781649921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40813-026-00513-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5660","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The nasal sampling conducted in this study was registered under the Swiss national animal experiment number 35801. Herd managers provided written informed consent to participate in the study. Data reporting followed the STROBE-Vet guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"34"}}