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Engaging in gambling-related behaviour at a young age is associated with short and long-term consequences, including financial, emotional, academic, interpersonal, and physical and mental health detriments; otherwise known as gambling-related harms (GRH). Given the unique vulnerability of this younger group, early interventions aimed at delaying or preventing gambling are critical. PRoGRAM-A (Preventing Gambling-Related Harm in Adolescents) is a school-based, social network intervention to protect young people from future GRH, by delaying or preventing gambling experimentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pilot cluster RCT with an embedded process evaluation and health economic scoping study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PRoGRAM-A will be delivered in four schools, with two control schools acting as a comparator. All are secondary schools in Scotland. Baseline surveys were conducted with students in S3 (ages 13\u201314). Follow-up surveys were conducted with the same cohort, six months post-baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PRoGRAM-A trainers will deliver a 2-day, out-of-school training workshop to Peer supporters. Peer supporters will be nominated by peers among their school year group (S3, age 13\u201314). Workshops will provide peer supporters with information on four gambling-related topics: (1) what is gambling? (2) gambling and gaming, (3) gambling marketing, (4) identifying harm and reducing risk. Peer supporters will disseminate the information (message diffusion) they have learned among their friends and family over a 10-week period. After the 2-day workshop, PRoGRAM-A trainers will conduct\u2009\u00d7\u20093 in-school follow-up sessions with peer supporters to offer support, encouragement, and advice to Peer Supporters as well as monitor and explore the extent of their message diffusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome of the pilot cluster RCT (cRCT) will be whether progression to a phase III RCT is justified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This will be the first pilot cluster RCT (cRCT) of an intervention to prevent gambling-related harms among young people within the UK. If findings indicate feasibility and acceptability, funding will be sought for a phase III RCT of effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Researchregistry8699. Registered 21\n                      <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                      February 2023.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-024-01537-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T04:14:20Z","timestamp":1723522460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Protocol for a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of PRoGRAM-A (preventing gambling-related harm in adolescents): a secondary school-based social network intervention"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8294-8203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Dobbie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Wardle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Dahlby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Weir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Niven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Stoddart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Good","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Noble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1537_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l1807","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1807","volume":"365","author":"H Wardle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wardle H, Reith G, Langham E, Rogers RD. 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Approval was also sought from each school\u2019s Local Authority Education department. All study participants provide informed consent (for adults) or assent (for those under age 18) to participate in data collection.Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consen to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"In the last 5\u00a0years, FD has disclosed grant funding for gambling-related projects from the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health and Social Research. In 2018\/2019 she\u00a0worked on one study funded by Gamble Aware. FD has received payment\u00a0from the University of Chester to participate in an online focus group to help develop an awareness-raising intervention (funded by Gambling Research Exchange Ontario)\u00a0to increase knowledge of the marketing strategies used by the gambling industry to promote their products.SG has received funding from The Gambling Commission\u2019s Regulatory Settlement Fund.In the past 5\u00a0years, HW has disclosed grant funding for gambling-related projects from the National Institute for Health and Social Research, Economic and Social Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Office of Health Improvements and Disparities\/Public Health Scotland, Gambling Commission (including regulatory settlement funds); Gambling Research Exchange Ontario, Greater London Authority, Greater Manchester Combined Authority and the Department for Culture Media and Sport. In 2018\/2019 she worked on a project funded by GambleAware. Between 2015 and 2020, she was Deputy Chair of the Advisory Board for Safer Gambling, providing independent advice to the government on gambling policy with remuneration from the Gambling Commission. She has been paid consultancy fees by the Institute of Public Health, Ireland, and the National Institute for Economic and Social Research. She is a member of the WHO Panel on Gambling. She was paid as an expert witness on gambling by Lambeth and Middlesborough Borough Councils. She received payment for the delivery of a webinar from McGill University and travel costs to deliver a Keynote Address to the Gambling Regulators European Forum. She has received travel costs from the Turkish Green Crescent Society and Alberta Gambling Research Institute. She has provided unpaid research advice to GamCare. She runs a research consultancy practice for public and third-sector bodies\u2014she has never provided consultancy services to the gambling industry. No other authors have anything to declare.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"109"}}