{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T08:52:44Z","timestamp":1788079964749,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thyroid storm is a medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Acute liver failure (ALF) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are rarely reported with thyroid storm, and their occurrence is unrelated to the degree of free circulating thyroxine.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We present the case of a 41-year-old Sri Lankan female, with a fatal case of thyroid storm. She initially presented with palpitations and heat intolerance, and subsequently developed acute liver failure with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. There was hypoglycemia and resistant lactic acidosis consequent to the liver failure. The clinical course progressed to DIC and she eventually succumbed to the illness. Treatment comprised the standard management of thyroid storm.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This case report highlights the importance of bearing ALF and DIC in mind as complications of thyroid storm, outlines their pathophysiology, and uses pathophysiological mechanisms to justify, evolving extracorporeal therapeutic strategies for resistant cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:01:48Z","timestamp":1724457708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Thyroid storm with acute liver failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation- lessons in diagnosis and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0725-1238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manudi","family":"Vidanapathirana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilushi","family":"Wijayaratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"182_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066613498053","volume":"30","author":"M Chiha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chiha M, Samarasinghe S, Kabaker AS. Thyroid storm: an updated review. J Intensive Care Med. 2015;30(3):131\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0885066613498053.","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"182_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16504","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.16504","volume":"13","author":"Y Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim Y, Gurung D, Sumbly V, Reich DM, Bashir T. Thyroid storm-induced acute liver dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.16504. PMID: 34430118; PMCID: PMC8375274.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"182_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanna Fatima R, Puri S, Patnaik J, Mora, When. A toxic thyroid makes the liver toxic: a case of thyroid storm complicated by acute liver failure. AACE Clinical Case Reports. 2017;3(3):e200-e204. ISSN 2376\u2009\u2013\u20090605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/EP161496.CR.","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161496.CR"},{"key":"182_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725559","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.725559","volume":"12","author":"SL Lim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lim SL, Wang K, Lui PL, Ramanathan K, Yang SP. Crash landing of thyroid storm: a case report and review of the role of extra-corporeal systems. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:725559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.725559.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"182_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30165-8","volume":"22","author":"HB Burch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Burch HB, Wartofsky L. Life-threatening thyrotoxicosis. Thyrotoxic storm. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1993;22(2):263\u201377.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"182_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gregory M, Taylor AMC, Pop EL, McDowell. High-output congestive heart failure: a potentially deadly complication of thyroid storm. Oxford Medical Case Reports. 2019;2019(6):omz045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/omcr\/omz045.","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omz045"},{"key":"182_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Prosser JS, Quan DK. Trauma triggering thyrotoxic crisis with lactic acidosis. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2015 Oct-Dec;8(4):232\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0974-2700.161656. PMID: 26604530; PMCID: PMC4626941.","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.161656"},{"issue":"4","key":"182_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3109\/03009734.2010.486908","volume":"115","author":"T Yoshino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshino T, Kawano D, Azuhata T, Kuwana T, Kogawa R, Sakurai A, Tanjoh K, Yanagawa T. A patient with Graves\u2019 disease who survived despite developing thyroid storm and lactic acidosis. Ups J Med Sci. 2010;115(4):282\u20136. Epub 2010 Aug 23. 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Annals Otology Rhinology Laryngology. 2013;122(11):679\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000348941312201103.","journal-title":"Annals Otology Rhinology Laryngology"}],"container-title":["Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:02:08Z","timestamp":1724457728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/clindiabetesendo.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40842-024-00182-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-8260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-8260","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient\u2019s husband (as the patient was deceased) for publication of this case report. (The authors are able to provide proof if required).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24"}}