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Niclosamide is the main chemical molluscicide recommended by WHO. However, except the immediate killing of the snail, the extent of the impact of the molluscicide application on the evolution of snail life-history traits, in relation to recolonization of treated sites is not well known. This study aimed to characterize the spatial variation of life-history traits of populations of the freshwater snail <jats:italic>Bulinus truncatus<\/jats:italic>, in relation to niclosamide spraying in the field.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>From 2016 to 2018, we conducted a trial, using niclosamide to control the intermediate host snails for interrupting the seasonal transmission of urinary schistosomiasis in northern and central C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Five villages (sites) were considered, including three test and two control villages. In the test villages, the molluscicide was sprayed in habitats harboring <jats:italic>B. truncatus<\/jats:italic> snails three times a year (November, February\u2013March and June). We sampled six <jats:italic>B. truncatus<\/jats:italic> populations: two populations from the control villages without any treatment; one collected before treatment and three sampled 2\u20133\u2009months after treatment of the site with niclosamide. The snail populations were monitored for several life-history traits, including survival, growth, fecundity and hatchability, under laboratory conditions, over one generation (G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>). We tested the population, region (North\/Centre) and treatment status (treated\/untreated) effects on the variation of the measured life-history traits and correlations between pairs of traits were estimated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>On the whole, the traits varied among populations. The risk of death was lower in  northern populations compared to  central ones. The age at first reproduction was reached earlier with a smaller size of snails in northern populations. Values of first reproduction features (size and fecundity) were lower in treated snail populations. The overall growth of untreated populations was higher than that of treated ones. The late fecundity and egg hatching were higher in northern than in central snails. At first reproduction, age was negatively correlated with some fecundity parameters. However, growth was positively associated with fecundity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our study showed a spatial variation of life-history traits in <jats:italic>B. truncatus<\/jats:italic> snails. The mollusciciding seems to have led to the depression of some life-history traits in the snail populations. However, investigations should be carried out over several generations of snails to better clarify the impact of niclosamide on the evolution of the life-history traits.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T11:03:57Z","timestamp":1642763037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spatial variation of life-history traits in Bulinus truncatus, the intermediate host of schistosomes, in the context of field application of niclosamide in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Cyrille K.","family":"Konan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves-Nathan T.","family":"Tian-Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nana R.","family":"Diakit\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamadou","family":"Ouattara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean T.","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diabat\u00e9","family":"Salia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Kon\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adolphe K.","family":"Kakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rufin K.","family":"Assar\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mocket A.","family":"Ehouman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonya C.","family":"Glitho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eli\u00e9zer K.","family":"N\u2019Goran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"104_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2014.9","volume":"9","author":"W Moser","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moser W, Greter H, Schindler C, Allan F, Ngandolo BNR, Moto DD, et al. 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Exp Parasitol. 2020;213:107887.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"}],"container-title":["BMC Zoology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T18:03:12Z","timestamp":1666548192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/\/bmczool.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40850-021-00104-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-3132"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-3132","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was part of a large project entitled \u201cInterrupting seasonal transmission of <i>Schistosoma haematobium<\/i> and control of soil-transmitted helminths in northern and central C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire\u201d. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committees in Switzerland: \u201cEthikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz\u201d (EKNZ; reference no. UBE- 15\/34; date of approval 15 April 2015) and C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire: Comit\u00e9 National d\u2019\u00c9thique et de la Recherche, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et de Lutte contre le SIDA (reference no. 007\/MSLS\/CNER-kp; date of approval 2 February 2016) and Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Productions et de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Alimentaire, Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Agriculture (reference no. 0163\/MINAGRI\/DGPSA\/DPVCQ; date of approval 27 January 2015). The purpose of the study and procedures for field sample collection were explained to village authorities and their verbal agreement was obtained before conducting field surveys.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7"}}