{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T10:30:21Z","timestamp":1786617021493,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Res Involv Engagem"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In recent decades, there has been a growing consensus that incorporating patient, carer, community and public participation is important. How this is accomplished remains more contested. Co-production of knowledge in research is described as one potential approach; however, its theory and practice often remain unclear. The requirement of sharing power disrupts traditional research dynamics and can be challenging in many settings. Global South epistemologies, which can be interpreted as offering a framework for understanding power sharing and empowerment, hold the potential to aid co-production planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To present a reflective, theory-informed case, drawing on preparatory efforts for the development of a project within the context of a larger research study on Congenital Zika in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By interpreting Paulo Freire\u2019s philosophy and its concepts of dialogical action and conscientisation (critical consciousness) as a framework for understanding issues related to power, reflective planning for future co-production work with community members and groups was carried out.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results: early insights from our reflective planning<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reflective planning for co-production through a Freirean lens provided early insights on power sharing and practical challenges. Such early insights include that knowledge production is an inherently political process, requiring reflexivity and openness to tension, and the need for attention to structural power differences within research teams and between institutions. Sharing power can be an inherently challenging process due to complex power hierarchies between and within countries and current research funding and publishing dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early insights for our reflective planning for future co-production suggest that engagement with Freire\u2019s philosophy at this stage offers a useful framework for critical and contextually grounded approach to co-production which re-centres power sharing, dialogue, and social transformation. Embedding such theory in planning holds the potential to lead to co-produced research which is more authentic, especially in Global South settings characterised by deep social and historical inequities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T09:45:01Z","timestamp":1786614301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using Paulo Freire\u2019s philosophy to share power: early insights from planning for the co-production of knowledge in research"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jhulia","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Mbuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth B.","family":"Brickley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Lopes de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Valongueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loveday","family":"Penn-Kekana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08079-y","volume":"22","author":"C Grindell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grindell C, Coates E, Croot L, O\u2019Cathain A. The use of co-production, co-design and co-creation to mobilise knowledge in the management of health conditions: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022;22(1):877.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/QRJ-02-2022-148","volume":"22","author":"H Rowley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rowley H, Ivinson G, Duggan J, Pahl K. Editorial for SI\u2013Critically exploring co-production. Qualitative Res J. 2022;22(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Qualitative Res J"},{"key":"946_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n434","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n434","volume":"372","author":"S Redman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Redman S, Greenhalgh T, Adedokun L, Staniszewska S, Denegri S. Co-production of Knowledge Collection Steering Committee. Co-production of knowledge: the future. BMJ. 2021;372:n434.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2017.1348581","volume":"21","author":"DMPK Bell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bell DMPK. Co-production: Towards a utopian approach. Int J Soc Res Methodol. 2018;21(1):105\u201317.","journal-title":"Int J Soc Res Methodol"},{"key":"946_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1108\/MHRJ-05-2014-0016","volume":"20","author":"E Bradley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bradley E. Carers and co-production: enabling expertise through experience? Mental Health Rev J. 2015;20:232\u201341.","journal-title":"Mental Health Rev J"},{"issue":"2","key":"946_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2022.2052946","volume":"15","author":"B Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smith B, Williams O, Bone L. Collective the MSWC production. Co-production: A resource to guide co-producing research in the sport, exercise, and health sciences. Qual Res Sport Exerc Health. 2023;15(2):159\u201387.","journal-title":"Qual Res Sport Exerc Health"},{"key":"946_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2019.11.009","volume":"42","author":"E Turnhout","year":"2019","unstructured":"Turnhout E, Metze T, Wyborn C, Klenk N, Louder E. The politics of co-production: participation, power, and transformation. Curr Opin Environ Sustain. 2019;42:15\u201321.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Environ Sustain"},{"key":"946_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page K. Ethics and the co-production of knowledge. Public Health Res Pract. 2022;32(2).","DOI":"10.17061\/phrp3222213"},{"key":"946_CR9","unstructured":"Durose C, Beebeejaun Y, Rees J, Richardson J. L. R. Towards co-production in research with communities. 2012."},{"issue":"5","key":"946_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2001403","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001403","volume":"15","author":"A Filipe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Filipe A, A R, Marston C. The co-production of what? Knowledge, values, and social relations in health care. PLoS Biol. 2017;15(5):e2001403.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ambp.2007.01.004","volume":"7","author":"JN Sapienza","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sapienza JN, Corbie-Smith G, Keim S, Fleischman AR. Community engagement in epidemiological research. Ambul Pediatr. 2007;7(3):247\u201352.","journal-title":"Ambul Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13031-021-00399-w","volume":"15","author":"M Lokot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lokot M, Wake C. Research as usual in humanitarian settings? Equalising power in academic-NGO research partnerships through co-production. Confl Health. 2021;15(1):64.","journal-title":"Confl Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"946_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3390\/soc7020006","volume":"7","author":"N Wallerstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wallerstein N, Giatti LL, B\u00f3gus CM, Akerman M, Jacobi PR, De Toledo RF, et al. Shared participatory research principles and methodologies: perspectives from the USA and Brazil\u201445 years after Paulo Freire\u2019s pedagogy of the oppressed. Societies. 2017;7(2):6.","journal-title":"Societies"},{"key":"946_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2019.00057","volume":"4","author":"D Rose","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rose D, Kalathil J, Power. Privilege and Knowledge: the Untenable Promise of Co-production in Mental Health. Front Sociol. 2019;4:57.","journal-title":"Front Sociol"},{"key":"946_CR15","unstructured":"Lokot M, Wake C. The co-production of research between academics, NGOs and communities in humanitarian response: a practice guide. 2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.1092","volume":"21","author":"A Renedo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Renedo A, Marston C. Healthcare professionals\u2019 representations of \u2018patient and public involvement\u2019and creation of \u2018public participant\u2019identities: Implications for the development of inclusive and bottom-up community participation initiatives. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2011;21(3):268\u201380.","journal-title":"J Community Appl Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"946_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002068","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2019-002068","volume":"4","author":"S Abimbola","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abimbola S. The foreign gaze: authorship in academic global health. BMJ Glob Health. 2019;4(5):e002068.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"946_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flores MG, Colacci R, Cano A. Critical community engagement and the Latin American ethos: contributions to a Global South dialogue. 2023;1(1):64\u201382. African Journal of Higher Education Community Engagement. 2023;1(1):64\u201382.","DOI":"10.21504\/ajhece.v1i1.2473"},{"key":"946_CR19","unstructured":"Streck DR, Redin E, Zitkoski JJ. Dicion\u00e1rio Paulo Freire.: Aut\u00eantica; 2015."},{"key":"946_CR20","first-page":"12015","volume":"500","author":"MA Peters","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peters MA, Besley T, Introduction. Paulo freire: The global legacy.;500:12015; 500:1\u201313. Counterpoints. 2015;500:12015.","journal-title":"Counterpoints"},{"issue":"11","key":"946_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02588-x","volume":"29","author":"C Cunningham","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cunningham C, Mercury M. Coproducing health research with Indigenous peoples. Nat Med. 2023;29(11):2722\u201330.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"946_CR22","unstructured":"Lloyd-Evans S, Oenga E, Zischka L, Mpofu- Coles A, Woronka R, Oveson M et al. Participatory Action Research: a toolkit.; 2023."},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1068\/c12116","volume":"33","author":"Y Beebeejaun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beebeejaun Y, Durose C, Rees J, Richardson J, Richardson L. Public harm or public value? Towards coproduction in research with communities. Environ Plann C Gov Policy. 2015;33(3):552\u201365.","journal-title":"Environ Plann C Gov Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"946_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/09687599.2021.1930519","volume":"38","author":"A Faulkner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Faulkner A, Thompson R. Uncovering the emotional labour of involvement and co-production in mental health research. Disabil Soc. 2023;38(4):537\u201360.","journal-title":"Disabil Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-022-00838-x","volume":"20","author":"H Smith","year":"2022","unstructured":"Smith H, Budworth L, Grindey C, Hague I, Hamer N, Kislov R, et al. Co-production practice and future research priorities in United Kingdom-funded applied health research: a scoping review. Health Res Policy Syst. 2022;20(1):36.","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"946_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1177\/0038038516682457","volume":"52","author":"A Renedo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Renedo A, Komporozos-Athanasiou A, Marston C. Experience as evidence: the dialogic construction of health professional knowledge through patient involvement. Sociology. 2018;52(4):778\u201395.","journal-title":"Sociology"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-019-0432-3","volume":"17","author":"K Oliver","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oliver K, Kothari A, Mays N. The dark side of coproduction: do the costs outweigh the benefits for health research? Health Res Policy Syst. 2019;17(1):33.","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst"},{"key":"946_CR28","volume-title":"Participation: from tyranny to transformation: exploring new approaches to participation in development","author":"S Hickey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hickey S. Participation: from tyranny to transformation: exploring new approaches to participation in development. London: Zed Books; 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdad046","volume":"45","author":"K Messiha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Messiha K, Chinapaw MJM, Ket Hcff, An Q, Anand-Kumar V, Longworth GR, et al. Systematic Review of Contemporary Theories Used for Co-creation, Co-design and Co-production in Public Health. J Public Health (Oxf). 2023;45(3):723\u201337.","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"key":"946_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter M. Social inequality, agrarian reform, and democracy in Brazil. Challenging Social Inequality: The Landless Rural Workers Movement and Agrarian Reform Brazil. 2015;13\u20139.: Duke University Press.; 2015.","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822395065"},{"key":"946_CR31","unstructured":"Power TJ. The Brazilian military regime of 1964\u20131985: Legacies for contemporary democracy. beroamericana: Am\u00e9rica Latina; Espa\u00f1a; Portugal. 2016;62(2):13\u201326."},{"issue":"78","key":"946_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1177\/1748048516655722","volume":"1","author":"A Fernandez-Aballi Altamirano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fernandez-Aballi Altamirano A. Where is Paulo Freire? Int Commun Gaz. Nov 2016;1(78):677\u201383.","journal-title":"Int Commun Gaz"},{"issue":"8","key":"946_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5985","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5985","volume":"38","author":"D O\u2019Connor","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor D, Sakamoto M, Phinney A, Chaudhury H, Mann J. Participatory action research: An exploration from a Freirean perspective of research involving people with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2023;38(8):e5985.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"946_CR34","unstructured":"Freire P. Pedagogy of the oppressed. In Toward a sociology of education: Routledge.; 2020. pp. 374\u201386."},{"key":"946_CR35","unstructured":"G\u00f3es JC. O encontro da comunica\u00e7\u00e3o em Paulo Freire para tempos de desencontro. Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o, contradi\u00e7\u00f5es narrativas e desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o em contextos contempor\u00e2neos. Cultura Acad\u00eamica. 2021:125\u201339."},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.17763\/haer.40.3.h76250x720j43175","volume":"40","author":"P Freire","year":"1970","unstructured":"Freire P. Cultural action and conscientization. Harv Educ Rev. 1970;40(3):452\u201377.","journal-title":"Harv Educ Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.12957\/psi.saber.soc.2014.12203","volume":"3","author":"A Roso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roso A, Romanini M. Empoderamento individual, empoderamento comunit\u00e1rio e conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o: um ensaio te\u00f3rico. Psicologia e Saber Social. 2014;3(1):83\u201395.","journal-title":"Psicologia e Saber Social"},{"key":"946_CR38","unstructured":"Shor I, Freire P. Medo e ousadia: o cotidiano do professor. Volume 18. Paz e Terra; 2000."},{"key":"946_CR39","unstructured":"Guareschi P. Empoderamento. In: Streck DRRE, Zitkoski JJ, editor Dicion\u00e1rio Paulo Freire. Autentica.2008."},{"issue":"2","key":"946_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2014.992028","volume":"20","author":"EM Monteiro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Monteiro EM, Neto WB, de Lima LS, de Aquino JM, Gontijo DT, Pereira BO. Culture Circles in adolescent empowerment for the prevention of violence. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2015;20(2):167\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Adolesc Youth"},{"key":"946_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heidemann ITSB, Dalmolin IS, Rumor PCF, Cypriano CC, Da Costa MFBNA, Durand MK. Reflections on Paulo Freire\u2019s research itinerary: Contributions to health. Texto e Contexto Enfermagem. 2017;26(4).","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-07072017000680017"},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-71672010000300011","volume":"63","author":"IB Heidemann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heidemann IB, Boeh AE, Wosny AM, Stulp KP. [Theoretical, conceptual and methodological incorporation of the educator Paulo Freire in research]. Rev Bras Enferm. 2010;63(3):416\u201320.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Enferm"},{"issue":"8","key":"946_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232014198.11342013","volume":"19","author":"IT Heidemann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heidemann IT, Wosny Ade M, Boehs AE. [Health promotion in primary care: study based on the Paulo Freire method]. Cien Saude Colet. 2014;19(8):3553\u20139.","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR44","first-page":"189","volume":"47","author":"S Fleischer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fleischer S. Faith in science? How micro families viewed the Zika Virus science happebn to thier children in Recife\/PE. Anthropol Yearbook. 2022;47(1):189\u2013207.","journal-title":"Anthropol Yearbook"},{"key":"946_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stuttaford M, Coe C. Participatory learning: Opportunities and challenges.Participatory action research approaches and methods. 2007:214\u201321.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203933671-35"},{"issue":"8","key":"946_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232014198.11342013","volume":"19","author":"IT Heidemann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heidemann IT, Wosny Ade, Boehs AE. [Health promotion in primary care: study based on the Paulo Freire method]. Cien Saude Colet. 2014;19(8):3553\u20139.","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet"},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1177\/20597991221129773","volume":"15","author":"B Perry","year":"2022","unstructured":"Perry B. Co-production as praxis: Critique and engagement from within the university. Method Innov. 2022;15(3):341\u201352.","journal-title":"Method Innov"},{"key":"946_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Passos MJ, Matta G, Lyra TM, Moreira MEL, Kuper H, Penn-Kekana L et al. The promise and pitfalls of social science research in an emergency: Lessons from studying the Zika epidemic in Brazil, 2015\u20132016. BMJ Global Health. 2020;5(4).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-002307"},{"key":"946_CR49","unstructured":"New study will. evaluate the long-term consequences of Zika virus infections during pregnancy. [press release]; 2024."},{"key":"946_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valente PA, Antunes MN, de Matos SS, Avery L, Pimenta DN. Associations of mothers and family members affected by congenital Zika virus syndrome: profile and main related discussions. J Collective Health. 2024;34.","DOI":"10.1590\/s0103-7331202434sp109pt"},{"key":"946_CR51","unstructured":"Letter Read Out at Brazilian Tropical Medicine Society. [press release]. Recife, Brazil., 04\/09\/2018. 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"946_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/dewb.12361","volume":"23","author":"I Ambrogi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ambrogi I, Brito L, Rego S. Reflections on research ethics in a public health emergency: Experiences of Brazilian women affected by Zika. Dev World Bioeth. 2023;23(2):138\u201346.","journal-title":"Dev World Bioeth"},{"key":"946_CR53","unstructured":"Lustosa R, Fleischer S. Whats the point of meeting lots of people and in the end always being alone? The challenge of motherhood in times of Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome.; 2019."},{"issue":"16","key":"946_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1602278","volume":"374","author":"DL Heymann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heymann DL, Liu J, Lillywhite L. Partnerships, not parachutists, for Zika research. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(16):1504\u20135.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"946_CR55","unstructured":"Brickley EB, Miranda-Filho DB, Ximenes RAA, ZBC-Consortium MERG, LIFE Zika Study members. Preparing for the rapid research response to the possible vertical transmission of Oropouche virus: lessons from a decade of congenital Zika research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024;Dec(24(12))."},{"key":"946_CR56","unstructured":"Statement from the Brazilian Society of. Tropical medicine regarding the presentation by the Union of Mothers of Angels (UMA) at its 54th Congress \u2013 MedTrop2018 [Press release]. 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-019-0315-5","volume":"16","author":"SD Neufeld","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neufeld SD, Chapman J, Crier N, Marsh S, McLeod J, Deane LA. Research 101: A process for developing local guidelines for ethical research in heavily researched communities. Harm Reduct J. 2019;16(1):41.","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"946_CR58","unstructured":"Perot C, Chevous J, Crier N, Marsh S, McLeod J, Deane LA. Turning Pain into Power: A charter for organisations engaging in abuse survivors projects, research and service development. 2019."},{"key":"946_CR59","unstructured":"Hirsch LA, Martin R. A report on the colonial history of the London school of hygiene and tropical medicine (1899\u20131960). 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"946_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1037\/qup0000106","volume":"6","author":"O Calder-Dawe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Calder-Dawe O, Gavey N. Feminism, Foucault, and Freire: A dynamic approach to sociocultural resarch. Qualitative Pyschology. 2019;6(3):216.","journal-title":"Qualitative Pyschology"},{"issue":"1","key":"946_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/002205748316500103","volume":"165","author":"P Freire","year":"1983","unstructured":"Freire P. The importance of the act of reading. J Educ. 1983;165(1):5\u201311.","journal-title":"J Educ"}],"container-title":["Research Involvement and Engagement"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T09:45:26Z","timestamp":1786614326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40900-026-00946-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-7529"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-7529","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Funding was provided by the Wellcome Trust (224494\/Z\/21\/Z).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Funding","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"124"}}