{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T09:48:13Z","timestamp":1758707293202,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The Watch Tower Society, the main governing organization of the Jehovah\u2019s Witness (JW) faith, introduced the doctrine to refuse blood in 1945 and has been enforcing it since 1961. A member can be expelled for accepting prohibited blood components. Many reconstructive surgeries place patients at an increased risk for blood loss. There have been attempts at reducing the rate of transfusions in craniofacial surgery, even in patients not opposed to it.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 15-year-old female patient, who refused blood transfusion due to her faith, presented with a class III malocclusion, transverse maxillary constriction, and a lateral open bite. Surgery was deferred until the patient reached 18\u2009years of age and had undergone preoperative orthodontics. A two-piece Le Fort I osteotomy was performed. Erythropoietin, oral iron, and tranexamic acid were used to minimize intraoperative blood loss.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Here we discuss preoperative and intraoperative management strategies to ensure a transfusion-free environment for patients with religious objections to blood transfusions undergoing operations with increased bleeding risk.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40902-022-00338-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T09:02:54Z","timestamp":1646211774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy in a Jehovah\u2019s Witness patient: strategies for minimizing blood loss and maximizing safety"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Michaela K.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Emanuelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0812-297X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi K.","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"338_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq244","volume":"105","author":"A Ashworth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ashworth A, Klein AA (2010) Cell salvage as part of a blood conservation strategy in anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 105(4):401\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aeq244","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"338_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0000000000001609","volume":"124","author":"L Barile","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barile L, Fominskiy E, Di Tomasso N, Alp\u00eczar Castro LE, Landoni G, De Luca M, Bignami E, Sala A, Zangrillo A, Monaco F (2017) Acute normovolemic hemodilution reduces allogeneic red blood cell transfusion in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. 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