{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:26:56Z","timestamp":1787498816350,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013041","name":"Vice-Chancellor for Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted to compare changes in pharyngeal airway after different orthognathic procedures in subjects with class III deformity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included CBCT scans of 48 skeletal class III patients (29 females and 19 males, mean age 23.50\u00a0years) who underwent orthognathic surgery in conjunction with orthodontic treatment. The participants were divided into three groups of 16, as follows: Group 1, mandibular setback surgery; group 2, combined mandibular setback and maxillary advancement surgery; and group 3, maxillary advancement surgery. CBCT images were taken 1\u00a0day before surgery (T0), 1\u00a0day (T1), and 6\u00a0months (T2) later. The dimensions of the velopharynx, oropharynx,\u00a0and hypopharynx were measured in CBCT images.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In all groups, there was a significant decrease in airway variables immediately after surgery, with a significant reversal 6\u00a0months later (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In subjects who underwent maxillary advancement, the airway dimensions were significantly greater at T2 than the T0 time point (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whereas in the mandibular setback and bimaxillary surgery groups, the T2 values were lower than the baseline examination\u00a0(\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The alterations in airway variables were significantly different between the study groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mandibular setback procedure caused the greatest reduction in the pharyngeal airway, followed by the bimaxillary surgery and maxillary advancement groups, with the latter exhibiting an actual increase in the pharyngeal airway dimensions. It is recommended to prefer a two-jaw operation instead of a mandibular setback alone for correction of the prognathic mandible in subjects with predisposing factors to the development of sleep-disordered breathing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40902-022-00352-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T05:14:00Z","timestamp":1654751640000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Changes in the pharyngeal airway after different orthognathic procedures for correction of class III dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Saleh","family":"Khaghaninejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Khojastehpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Danesteh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Changizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1257-8881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Ahrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"352_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.05.031","volume":"153","author":"SK Irani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Irani SK, Oliver DR, Movahed R, Kim YI, Thiesen G, Kim KB (2018) Pharyngeal airway evaluation after isolated mandibular setback surgery using cone-beam computed tomography. 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