{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:31:06Z","timestamp":1792621866735,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Non-surgical method is a treatment option for mandibular condylar fracture; however, it is questionable whether bone fragments are adequately reduced and remodeled. The purpose of this study was to identify three-dimensional positional changes in the mandibular condyles in patients treated non-surgically, analyze factors influencing the extent of positional changes, and evaluate clinical prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study included 31 patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures treated non-surgically at the Ajou University Dental Hospital between 2005 and 2023. Computed tomography was performed at the time of the fracture (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>) and\u2009&gt;\u20096\u00a0months after non-surgical treatment (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>). The extent of recovery of the highest point of the condyle head was measured in three-dimensional <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>-, <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>-, and <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>-axes. At the last follow-up\u2009&gt;\u20096\u00a0months after remodeling (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>), the prognosis was evaluated by clinical examination of mouth opening limitation, malocclusion, deviation on opening, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), and facial asymmetry.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Position differences were statistically significant between <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (paired Student\u2019s <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and between the <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>-, <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>-, and <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>-axes (Welch\u2019s ANOVA, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The degree of positional recovery in the superior and lateral directions showed a statistically significant negative correlation with age (Pearson\u2019s correlation analysis, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The average amount of recovery between two age groups of over and under 19\u00a0years old was statistically significant (independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Complications included TMD (6.4%), malocclusion (3.2%) and facial asymmetry (3.2%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After non-surgical treatment, the condyle head of the fractured mandible recovered significantly laterally and superiorly in under 19-year-olds. The functional prognosis was favorable in all age groups. Non-surgical treatment can be an applicable treatment option for patients with mandibular condylar fractures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40902-024-00454-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T03:51:41Z","timestamp":1735271501000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Condylar position changes and prognosis in patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fracture treated non-surgically"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jihye","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woomin","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyelynn","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Il","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Keun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"454_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.5.313","volume":"5","author":"R Valiati","year":"2008","unstructured":"Valiati R, Ibrahim D, Abreu ME, Heitz C, de Oliveira RB, Pagnoncelli RM, Silva DN (2008) The treatment of condylar fractures: to open or not to open? a critical review of this controversy. 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