{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:40:51Z","timestamp":1765888851557,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004914","name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardio-Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) are the mainstay treatment for localized prostate cancer and recurrence after surgery. Cardiovascular (CV) toxicity of ADT is increasingly recognized, and the risk relates to pre-existing risk factors and ADT modalities. Despite ethnic differences in the prevalence of CV risk factors and variations of CV mortality, data on ADT-related cardiotoxicities in the Asian population remain inconclusive. Our registry-based study investigated ADT-related major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after primary or salvage RT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study combined two prospectively established registry databases from National Cancer Center Singapore and National Heart Center Singapore. The primary endpoint is time to first MACE after treatment. MACE is defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina, or cardiovascular death. Two types of propensity score adjustments, including ADT propensity score as a covariate in the multivariable regression model and propensity score weighting, were applied to balance baseline features and CV risk factors between RT alone and RT\u2009+\u2009ADT groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2000 to 2019, 1940 patients received either RT alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009494) or RT\u2009+\u2009ADT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091446) were included. After a median follow-up of 10\u2009years (RT) and 7.2\u2009years (RT+ ADT), the cumulative incidence of MACE at 1, 3 and 9\u2009years was 1.2, 5 and 16.2% in RT group, and 1.1, 5.2 and 17.6% in RT\u2009+\u2009ADT group, respectively. There were no differences in the incidence of MACE between 2 groups (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.78\u20131.30,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.969). Pre-treatment CV risk factors were common (80%), and CV disease (15.9%) was the second leading cause of death after prostate cancer (21.1%). On univariate analysis, older age, Indians and Malays, pre-existing CV risk factors, and history of MACE were associated with higher MACE risk. After propensity score adjustments, there remained no significant differences in MACE risk between RT\u2009+\u2009ADT and RT group on multivariable analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our registry-based study, ADT is not associated with increased risk of major cardiovascular events among Southeast Asian men with prostate cancer after curative radiotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T07:02:35Z","timestamp":1647241355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cardiovascular toxicities of androgen deprivation therapy in Asian men with localized prostate cancer after curative radiotherapy: a registry-based observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Youquan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whee Sze","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma Than Than","family":"Shwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelson Ling Fung","family":"Yit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheriff Zhan Hong","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric Pei Ping","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen Shen","family":"Looi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen Long","family":"Nei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael Lian Chek","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melvin Lee Kiang","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terence Wee Kiat","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eu Tiong","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choon Ta","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Kit Loong","family":"Tuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"131_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.3.289","volume":"299","author":"AV D'Amico","year":"2008","unstructured":"D'Amico AV, Chen MH, Renshaw AA, Loffredo M, Kantoff PW. Androgen suppression and radiation vs radiation alone for prostate cancer: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2008;299(3):289\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.299.3.289.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"2","key":"131_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012348","volume":"365","author":"CU Jones","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jones CU, Hunt D, McGowan DG, et al. Radiotherapy and short-term androgen deprivation for localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(2):107\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1012348.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"131_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70063-8","volume":"12","author":"JW Denham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Denham JW, Steigler A, Lamb DS, et al. Short-term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: 10-year data from the TROG 96.01 randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(5):451\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70063-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"131_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707313370502","volume":"337","author":"M Bolla","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bolla M, Gonzalez D, Warde P, et al. Improved survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and goserelin. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(5):295\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199707313370502.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"131_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.08.141","volume":"23","author":"CA Lawton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lawton CA, Winter K, Grignon D, Pilepich MV. Androgen suppression plus radiation versus radiation alone for patients with stage D1\/pathologic node-positive adenocarcinoma of the prostate: updated results based on national prospective randomized trial radiation therapy oncology group 85-31. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(4):800\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.08.141 Erratum in: J Clin Oncol 2005 Dec 1;23(34):8921.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"24","key":"131_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912093412401","volume":"341","author":"EM Messing","year":"1999","unstructured":"Messing EM, Manola J, Sarosdy M, Wilding G, Crawford ED, Trump D. Immediate hormonal therapy compared with observation after radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in men with node-positive prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(24):1781\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199912093412401.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"131_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004325","volume":"382","author":"ND Shore","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shore ND, Saad F, Cookson MS, et al. Oral Relugolix for androgen-deprivation therapy in advanced prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(23):2187\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2004325 Epub 2020 May 29.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"131_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.03.002","volume":"65","author":"PL Nguyen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nguyen PL. Androgen-deprivation therapy and cardiovascular harm: let's not throw out the baby with the bathwater. Eur Urol. 2014;65(4):710\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.03.002 Epub 2013 Mar 13.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"131_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.06.036","volume":"72","author":"FB Thomsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thomsen FB, Sandin F, Garmo H, et al. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, orchiectomy, and risk of cardiovascular disease: semi-ecologic, Nationwide, Population-based Study. Eur Urol. 2017;72(6):920\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.06.036 Epub 2017 Jul 12.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"48","key":"131_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3889","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz766","volume":"40","author":"KM Sturgeon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sturgeon KM, Deng L, Bluethmann SM, et al. A population-based study of cardiovascular disease mortality risk in US cancer patients. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(48):3889\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz766.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"131_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.6.681","volume":"89","author":"N Chaturvedi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chaturvedi N. Ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease. Heart. 2003;89(6):681\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heart.89.6.681.","journal-title":"Heart."},{"issue":"9","key":"131_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30503","volume":"123","author":"B Bernard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bernard B, Muralidhar V, Chen YH, et al. Impact of ethnicity on the outcome of men with metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Cancer. 2017;123(9):1536\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.30503 Epub 2017 Jan 5.","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"issue":"3","key":"131_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12967","volume":"116","author":"JY Teoh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teoh JY, Chan SY, et al. Risk of acute myocardial infarction after androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in a Chinese population. BJU Int. 2015;116(3):382\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.12967 Epub 2015 Mar 7.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"131_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyv025","volume":"45","author":"JY Teoh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teoh JY, Chiu PK, Chan SY, et al. Risk of ischemic stroke after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in the Chinese population living in Hong Kong. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2015;45(5):483\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyv025 Epub 2015 Feb 26.","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"131_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1159\/000274486","volume":"85","author":"H Akaza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Akaza H. Future prospects for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues in prostate cancer treatment. Pharmacology. 2010;85(2):110\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000274486 Epub 2010 Feb 3.","journal-title":"Pharmacology."},{"issue":"7","key":"131_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-016-3392-0","volume":"116","author":"A Sahl\u00e9n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sahl\u00e9n A, Hamid N, Amanullah MR, et al. Impact of aortic root size on left ventricular afterload and stroke volume. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016;116(7):1355\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-016-3392-0 Epub 2016 May 14.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"131_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V48N3p86","volume":"48","author":"J Yap","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yap J, Chia SY, Lim FY, et al. The Singapore heart failure risk score: prediction of survival in southeast Asian patients. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2019;48(3):86\u201394.","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"issue":"4","key":"131_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.06.018","volume":"74","author":"A Nabid","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nabid A, Carrier N, Martin AG, et al. Duration of androgen deprivation therapy in high-risk prostate Cancer: a randomized phase III trial. Eur Urol. 2018;74(4):432\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.06.018 Epub 2018 Jul 3.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"131_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529468","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/529468","volume":"2014","author":"G Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang G, Yeung CY, Lee KK, et al. Androgen deprivation therapy and cardiovascular risk in chinese patients with nonmetastatic carcinoma of prostate. J Oncol. 2014;2014:529468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/529468 Epub 2014 Apr 7.","journal-title":"J Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"131_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000714","volume":"203","author":"DP Leong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leong DP, Fradet V, Shayegan B, et al. Cardiovascular risk in men with prostate Cancer: insights from the RADICAL PC study. J Urol. 2020;203(6):1109\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JU.0000000000000714 Epub 2020 Jan 3. PMID: 31899651.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"131_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2020.01.004","volume":"2","author":"C Melloni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Melloni C, Slovin SF, Blemings A, et al. Cardiovascular safety of Degarelix versus Leuprolide for advanced prostate Cancer: the PRONOUNCE trial study design. JACC Cardio Oncol. 2020;2(1):70\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaccao.2020.01.004 PMID: 34396210; PMCID: PMC8352040.","journal-title":"JACC Cardio Oncol"},{"key":"131_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Margel D, Ber Y, Peer A, et al. Cardiac biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease receiving gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist vs antagonist. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41391-020-0264-9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-020-0264-9"},{"issue":"13","key":"131_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.04.030","volume":"49","author":"K Kalam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kalam K, Marwick TH. Role of cardioprotective therapy for prevention of cardiotoxicity with chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(13):2900\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.04.030 Epub 2013 May 22.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"131_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.0829","volume":"1","author":"LC Harshman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harshman LC, Wang X, Nakabayashi M, et al. Statin use at the time of initiation of androgen deprivation therapy and time to progression in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate Cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(4):495\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.0829 Erratum in: JAMA Oncol 2015 Jul;1(4):544.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"20","key":"131_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.12.031","volume":"S0302-2838","author":"RJ Hamilton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamilton RJ, Ding K, Crook JM, et al. The association between statin use and outcomes in patients initiating androgen deprivation therapy. Eur Urol. 2020;S0302-2838(20):31017\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.12.031.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"9","key":"131_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-016-1337-5","volume":"48","author":"JY Teoh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teoh JY, Ng CF. Cardiovascular risk after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: an Asian perspective. Int Urol Nephrol. 2016;48(9):1429\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-016-1337-5 Epub 2016 Jun 2.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"35","key":"131_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6735a4","volume":"67","author":"HK Wall","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wall HK, Ritchey MD, Gillespie C, Omura JD, Jamal A, George MG. Vital signs: prevalence of key cardiovascular disease risk factors for million hearts 2022 - United States, 2011-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(35):983\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6735a4.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"131_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2019.10.023","volume":"31","author":"G Curigliano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Curigliano G, Lenihan D, Fradley M, et al. Electronic address: clinicalguidelines@esmo.org. Management of cardiac disease in cancer patients throughout oncological treatment: ESMO consensus recommendations. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(2):171\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2019.10.023.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"131_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.1378","volume":"35","author":"SG Chun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chun SG, Hu C, Choy H, et al. Impact of intensity-modulated radiation therapy technique for locally advanced non-small-cell lung Cancer: a secondary analysis of the NRG oncology RTOG 0617 randomized clinical trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(1):56\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.1378 Epub 2016 Oct 31.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"131_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1920","volume":"22","author":"AR Lyon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lyon AR, Dent S, Stanway S, et al. Baseline cardiovascular risk assessment in cancer patients scheduled to receive cardiotoxic cancer therapies: a position statement and new risk assessment tools from the cardio-oncology study Group of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the international cardio-oncology society. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(11):1945\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1920.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"26","key":"131_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3024","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.03217","volume":"38","author":"WC Jackson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jackson WC, Hartman HE, Dess RT, et al. Addition of androgen-deprivation therapy or brachytherapy boost to external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate Cancer: a network Meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(26):3024\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.19.03217 Epub 2020 May 12.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Cardio-Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T00:43:41Z","timestamp":1674953021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiooncologyjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40959-022-00131-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-3804"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2057-3804"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Yes. The study is approved by the Singhealth Central Institutional Review Board (CIRB) CIRB Ref 2016\/2020\/B.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"4"}}