{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T03:12:35Z","timestamp":1778728355281,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardio-Oncology"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T03:33:41Z","timestamp":1775532821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temporal trends, cardiovascular complications, and outcomes in patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy: a 6-year nationwide analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Karnav","family":"Modi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himil","family":"Mahadevia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepthi","family":"Vodnala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Talal","family":"Asif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taiyeb","family":"Khumri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Furha","family":"Cossor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"471_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866","volume":"378","author":"SL Maude","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):439\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"471_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447","volume":"377","author":"SS Neelapu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2531\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"471_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980","volume":"380","author":"SJ Schuster","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schuster SJ, Bishop MR, Tam CS, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):45\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"471_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709919","volume":"378","author":"JH Park","year":"2018","unstructured":"Park JH, Rivi\u00e8re I, Gonen M, et al. Long-Term Follow-up of CD19 CAR Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):449\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1709919.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"471_CR5","unstructured":"Research C, for DE. and. FDA approves tisagenlecleucel for B-cell ALL and tocilizumab for cytokine release syndrome. FDA. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-approves-tisagenlecleucel-b-cell-all-and-tocilizumab-cytokine-release-syndrome. Published online February 9, 2019. Accessed May 22, 2025."},{"issue":"10","key":"471_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00375-2","volume":"22","author":"SJ Schuster","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schuster SJ, Tam CS, Borchmann P, et al. Long-term clinical outcomes of tisagenlecleucel in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas (JULIET): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(10):1403\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00375-2.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"471_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-112599","volume":"132","author":"SA Grupp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grupp SA, Maude SL, Rives S, et al. Updated Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Tisagenlecleucel in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients with Relapsed\/Refractory (r\/r) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Blood. 2018;132(Supplement 1):895. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2018-99-112599.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"8","key":"471_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850","volume":"384","author":"NC Munshi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Munshi NC, Anderson LD, Shah N, et al. Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(8):705\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10297","key":"471_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8","volume":"398","author":"JG Berdeja","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berdeja JG, Madduri D, Usmani SZ, et al. Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): a phase 1b\/2 open-label study. Lancet. 2021;398(10297):314\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"471_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758","volume":"25","author":"DW Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, et al. ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl. 2019;25(4):625\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758.","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transpl J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"26","key":"471_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-703751","volume":"127","author":"JN Brudno","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brudno JN, Kochenderfer JN. Toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: recognition and management. Blood. 2016;127(26):3321\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-04-703751.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"12","key":"471_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.08.015","volume":"25","author":"T Jain","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jain T, Bar M, Kansagra AJ, et al. Use of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Clinical Practice for Relapsed\/Refractory Aggressive B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Expert Panel Opinion from the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl. 2019;25(12):2305\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.08.015.","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"471_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004","volume":"36","author":"A Elixhauser","year":"1998","unstructured":"Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, Coffey RM. Comorbidity Measures for Use with Administrative Data. Med Care. 1998;36(1):8\u201327.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"471_CR14","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ICD-10 Coordination and Maintenance Committee Meeting. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/icd\/Topic-packet-September-8-9.2020.pdf. September 8\u20139. 2020.pdf. Accessed May 24, 2025."},{"key":"471_CR15","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ICD-10 Coordination and Maintenance Committee Meeting. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/icd\/Topic-packet-Sept-2019-Part2.pdf. September 10\u201311, 2019.pdf. Accessed May 24. 2025."},{"issue":"2","key":"471_CR16","first-page":"108","volume":"29","author":"A Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma A, Singh V, Deol A. Epidemiology and Predictors of 30-Day Readmission in CAR-T Cell Therapy Recipients. Transpl Cell Ther. 2023;29(2):108. .e1-108.e7.","journal-title":"Transpl Cell Ther"},{"key":"471_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Spellman SR, Xu K, Oloyede T, et al. Current Activity Trends and Outcomes in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy \u2013 A report from the CIBMTR. Transplant Cell Ther. 2025;19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtct.2025.05.014. Published online May.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2025.05.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"471_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30864-7","volume":"20","author":"FL Locke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1\u20132 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(1):31\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30864-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"471_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19497","volume":"205","author":"R Shouval","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shouval R, Goldman A, Flynn JR, et al. Atrial Arrhythmias Following CAR-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Biomarker Profile. Br J Haematol. 2024;205(3):978\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.19497.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"471_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s40959-023-00170-5","volume":"9","author":"DH Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee DH, Chandrasekhar S, Jain MD, et al. Cardiac and inflammatory biomarker differences in adverse cardiac events after chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell therapy: an exploratory study. Cardio-Oncol. 2023;9:18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40959-023-00170-5.","journal-title":"Cardio-Oncol"},{"issue":"25","key":"471_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.10.038","volume":"74","author":"RM Alvi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alvi RM, Frigault MJ, Fradley MG, et al. Cardiovascular Events Among Adults Treated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells (CAR-T). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(25):3099\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.10.038.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"471_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2437222","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.37222","volume":"7","author":"D Koeckerling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koeckerling D, Reddy RK, Barker J, et al. Cardiovascular Events After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Advanced Hematologic Malignant Neoplasms: A Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.37222.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"471_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.07.019","volume":"174","author":"SR Thotamgari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thotamgari SR, Grewal US, Nobel Bhuiyan MA, Abideen Asad ZU, Dominic P. The association of cardiac arrhythmias with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in hospitalised patients: Insights from National Inpatient Sample. Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl 1990. 2022;174:131\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.07.019.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl 1990"},{"issue":"9989","key":"471_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61774-8","volume":"386","author":"RB Schnabel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schnabel RB, Yin X, PhilimonGona, et al. Fifty-Year Trends in Atrial Fibrillation Prevalence, Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mortality in the Community. Lancet Lond Engl. 2015;386(9989):154\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61774-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"2","key":"471_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2020.04.012","volume":"2","author":"B Lefebvre","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lefebvre B, Kang Y, Smith AM, Frey NV, Carver JR, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Cardiovascular Effects of CAR T Cell Therapy: A Retrospective Study. JACC CardioOncology. 2020;2(2):193\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaccao.2020.04.012.","journal-title":"JACC CardioOncology"},{"key":"471_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00316","volume":"5","author":"JM Bennett","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bennett JM, Reeves G, Billman GE, Sturmberg JP. Inflammation-Nature\u2019s Way to Efficiently Respond to All Types of Challenges: Implications for Understanding and Managing the Epidemic of Chronic Diseases. Front Med. 2018;5:316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2018.00316.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"471_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2022.07.014","volume":"4","author":"S Ganatra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ganatra S, Dani SS, Yang EH, Zaha VG, Nohria A. Cardiotoxicity of T-Cell Antineoplastic Therapies. JACC CardioOncology. 2022;4(5):616\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaccao.2022.07.014.","journal-title":"JACC CardioOncology"},{"issue":"8","key":"471_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002303","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-002303","volume":"9","author":"JE Brammer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brammer JE, Braunstein Z, Katapadi A, et al. Early toxicity and clinical outcomes after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for lymphoma. J Immunother Cancer. 2021;9(8):e002303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2020-002303.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"471_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019004000","volume":"136","author":"JA Hill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hill JA, Seo SK. How I prevent infections in patients receiving CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells for B-cell malignancies. Blood. 2020;136(8):925\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019004000.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"471_CR30","first-page":"438e","volume":"29","author":"MR Hines","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hines MR, Knight TE, McNerney KO, et al. Immune Effector Cell associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-like Syndrome (IEC-HS). Transpl Cell Ther. 2023;29(7):438e. 1-438.e16.","journal-title":"Transpl Cell Ther"}],"container-title":["Cardio-Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T03:03:06Z","timestamp":1778727786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40959-026-00471-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-3804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-3804","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study used the NIS databases, which are publicly available and de-identified. As all data are de-identified and contain no patient identifiers, Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent to participate or publish were not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"60"}}