{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:40:55Z","timestamp":1761864055596},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]],"date-time":"2019-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JA Clin Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) oxygen therapy allows optimal humidification of inspired gas at high flows and creates a distending pressure similar to nasal continuous positive airway pressure [1]. It has been safely used in adults with moderate hypoxemia with few complications [2, 3]. Hereby, we report serious complications occurred during HHFNC oxygen therapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 53-year-old female with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was admitted to the intensive care unit because of respiratory failure. After weaning from mechanical ventilation which lasted for 2 weeks, HHFNC therapy at 40\u2009L\/min with an FiO2 of 0.5 was started for hypoxemia. Four days later, dyspnea and hypoxemia occurred and chest X-ray and CT scan revealed localized pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, and massive pneumomediastinum. After cessation of HHFNC, respiratory condition improved.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum should be notified as a serious complication during HHFNC therapy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]],"date-time":"2019-12-26T16:02:24Z","timestamp":1577376144000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A case of subcutaneous emphysema\/mediastinal emphysema during the use of humidified high-flow nasal cannula"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Shota","family":"Sonobe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Nishiwada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Egawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"305_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.07.021","volume":"154","author":"AL Lampland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lampland AL, Plumm B, Meyers PA, et al. Observational study of humidified high-flow nasal cannula compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. J Pediatr. 2009;154(2):177\u201382.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"305_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2354-6","volume":"37","author":"B Sztrymf","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sztrymf B, Messika J, Bertrand F, et al. Beneficial effects of humidified high flow nasal oxygen in critical care patients: a prospective pilot study. Intensive Care Med. 2011;37(11):1780\u20136.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"27","key":"305_CR3","first-page":"e9","volume":"324","author":"B Sztrymf","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sztrymf B, Messika J, Mayot T, et al. Impact of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on intensive care unit patients with acute respiratory failure: a prospective observational study. J Crit Care. 2012;324(27):e9\u201313.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"305_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3693-5","volume":"41","author":"BJ Kang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kang BJ, Koh Y, Lim CM, et al. Failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy may delay intubation and increase mortality. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41(4):623\u201332.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"305_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1263-z","volume":"20","author":"Roca","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roca, et al. Current evidence for the effectiveness of heated and humidified high flow nasal cannula supportive therapy in adult patients with respiratory failure. Crit Care. 2016;20:109.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"305_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e939","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3767","volume":"131","author":"S Hegde","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hegde S, Prodhan P. Serious air leak syndrome complicating high-flow nasal cannula therapy: a report of 3 cases. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):e939\u201344.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["JA Clinical Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,25]],"date-time":"2020-12-25T00:04:43Z","timestamp":1608854683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaclinicalreports.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40981-019-0305-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2363-9024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2363-9024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 June 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The consent of the patient\u2019s next of kin was obtained; however, institutional review board approval was exempted because neither ethical problem nor description to identify the patient was included in this case report.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent for scientific publication was obtained from the patient\u2019s next of kin.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"85"}}