{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:15:55Z","timestamp":1788848155269,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JA Clin Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Video laryngoscopes generally increase the success rate of tracheal intubation and clinical outcome compared to traditional direct laryngoscopes. However, there is a concern that their effectiveness can be compromised in bright outdoor environments. The impact of polarized sunglasses on the visibility of a video laryngoscope in a high-illumination environment simulating outdoor conditions was assessed. Additionally, the effect of screen smudges on screen visibility was examined.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A high-illumination environment was created using artificial light equivalent to daylight outdoors. Twenty-four anesthesiologists participated in this study. A commercially available laryngoscope was utilized to evaluate the visibility of the monitor screen and visualize the larynx. The experiment involved a fixed order sequence, including viewing with the naked eye, wearing sunglasses, cleaning the screen without wearing sunglasses, and cleaning the screen while wearing sunglasses, to evaluate visibility with each intervention. A visual analog scale (VAS) (0\u2013100\u00a0mm) was used to evaluate the visibility of the larynx displayed on the screen.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Polarized sunglasses significantly enhanced visibility, with a median VAS score of 12 compared to 5 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). Moreover, cleaning the monitor screen significantly improved visibility more than wearing sunglasses alone, with a median VAS score of 38 compared to 12 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Additionally, wearing sunglasses after cleaning the monitor screen provided even better visibility compared to only cleaning the screen, with a median VAS score of 57 compared to 38 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Based on these findings, it is suggested that when using a video laryngoscope outdoors in sunny conditions, the first step to address impaired visibility should be to clean the screen. Wearing sunglasses, if possible, can also be effective in improving visibility.\n<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T09:08:45Z","timestamp":1740992925000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Visibility of video laryngoscope in high-illuminance environment simulating outdoor conditions: effects of screen conditions and polarized sunglasses"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rieko","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidemi","family":"Ishido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayumi","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8746-3152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"778_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.031","volume":"162","author":"RM Huebinger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huebinger RM, Stilgenbauer H, Jarvis JL, Ostermayer DG, Schulz K, Wang HE. Video laryngoscopy for out of hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2021;162:143\u20138.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"778_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2023.109688","volume":"185","author":"J Risse","year":"2023","unstructured":"Risse J, Fischer M, Meggiolaro KM, Fariq-Spiegel K, Pabst D, Manegold R, Kill C, Fistera D. Effect of video laryngoscopy for non-trauma out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on clinical outcome: a registry-based analysis. Resuscitation. 2023;185: 109688.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"778_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2010.06366.x","volume":"65","author":"H Ueshima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ueshima H, Asai T. Tracheal intubation in daylight and in the dark: a randomised comparison of the Airway Scope, Airtraq, and Macintosh laryngoscope in a manikin. Anaesthesia. 2010;65:684\u20137.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"778_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-016-0276-6","volume":"24","author":"MG Rhode","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rhode MG, Vandborg MP, Bladt V, Rogn\u00e5s L. Video laryngoscopy in pre-hospital critical care - a quality improvement study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2016;24:84.","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"778_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2003.02871.x","volume":"58","author":"R Annamaneni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Annamaneni R, Hodzovic I, Wilkes AR, Latto IP. A comparison of simulated difficult intubation with multiple-use and single-use bougies in a manikin. Anaesthesia. 2003;58:45\u20139.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"778_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244","volume":"48","author":"Y Kanda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software \u2018EZR\u2019 for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transpl. 2013;48:452\u20138.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"778_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2023.1236473","volume":"5","author":"L Mercatelli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mercatelli L. Examining polarizing and non-polarizing filters for road sports. Front Sports Act Living. 2023;5: 1236473.","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"issue":"1565","key":"778_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0201","volume":"366","author":"TW Cronin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cronin TW, Marshall J. Patterns and properties of polarized light in air and water. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011;366(1565):619\u201326.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"778_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X18001164","volume":"34","author":"AJ Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith AJ, Jackimczyk K, Horwood B, Christenson D. Use of polarized sunglasses during video laryngoscopy: a cause of difficult prehospital intubation. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):104\u20137.","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"}],"container-title":["JA Clinical Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T11:56:51Z","timestamp":1741348611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jaclinicalreports.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40981-025-00778-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2363-9024"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2363-9024","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}