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The cohort comprised 170 patients who underwent superficial temporal artery\u2013middle cerebral artery bypass with encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) (STA-MCA\/EDAS), and 133 who underwent EDAS alone. Radiological follow-up included computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) to assess bypass patency and CT perfusion (CTP) for hemodynamic staging at 3 and 12 months post-revascularization. Clinical follow-up recorded perioperative complications and recurrent stroke events\u00a0that occurred &gt; 12\u00a0months postoperativerly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 303 patients, 37 cases (12.21%) had perioperative complications including 27 cases (15.9%) in\u00a0the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 10 cases (7.5%) in the EDAS group. Perfusion improvement was observed in 23.76% of\u00a0patients (25.7% in the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 17.8% in the EDAS group) at 3\u00a0months\u00a0postsurgical, and in\u00a040.17% of\u00a0patients (48.68% in the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 24.39% in the EDAS group) at 12\u00a0months\u00a0postsurgical. Bypass patency was observed in 95.29% of\u00a0patients (96.1% in the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 93.5% in the EDAS group) at 3\u00a0months\u00a0postoperative, and\u00a0in 96.43% patients (95.2% in the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 97.1% in the EDAS group) at 12\u00a0months\u00a0postoperative. Of the 249 patients with a median follow-up period of 50\u00a0months (range 12\u201370\u00a0months), 40 cases (16.06%, 3.85% per year) had recurrent stroke events including 22 (15.41%, 3.69% per year) in the STA-MCA\/EDAS group and 18 (16.67%, 3.91% per year) in the EDAS group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cerebral revascularization using STAPC is an acceptable surgical strategy for preventing stroke recurrence in patients\u00a0with MMD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41016-025-00424-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T06:45:16Z","timestamp":1772088316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel superficial temporal artery patency concept of cerebral revascularization for patients with moyamoya disease: a multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhua","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongbo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"424_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.1.104","volume":"14","author":"J Suzuki","year":"1983","unstructured":"Suzuki J, Kodama N. 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